膜生物反应器在中国的研究进展

指出膜生物反应器（MBR）作为一种污水处理技术,其研究在中国受到广泛的关注,介绍了几种新型MBR工艺的研究进展,并对MBR膜污染及其控制技术等方面的研究进展进行了探讨,旨在推广膜生物反应器的应用。     

改进型MBR处理生活污水及减缓膜污染的效能研究

通过长期运行试验,考察了改进型膜生物反应器(MBR)对污染物的去除效果和减缓膜污染的能力.结果表明,改进型NBR对COD和NH3-N的去除效果与传统MBR的类似,出水COD和NH3-N分别低于50 mg/L和5 mg/L;改进型MBR对TN的去除效果优于传统MBR,且具有更好的减缓膜污染的能力,在近90d的连续运行过程中,改进型MBR的膜组件仅需清洗2次.而传统MBR的膜组件则清洗了5次.     

膜生物反应器技术的现状与未来展望

膜生物反应器(MBR)是一种由膜分离单元与生物处理单元相结台的新型水处理技术,以膜组件取代二沉池在生物反应器中保持高活性污泥浓度减少污水处理设施占地,并通过保持低污泥负荷减少污泥量。与传统的生化水处理技术相比,MBR技术以其优异的出水水质被认为是具有较好的经济、社会和环境效益的节水     

膜生物反应器技术探讨

膜生物反应器(MBR)是通过膜强化生化反应的污水处理新技术,具有污染物去除效果好。污泥产率低的优点。分析了影响MBR处理效果的相关因素,提出新型复合生物动态膜(HDMBR)生物反应器。同时论述了其所具有的特点,说明了HDMBR运用于回用水处理是一种高效、低耗、资源化的工艺技术。     

膜生物反应器在医院污水处理中的应用探讨

对膜生物反应器在医院污水二级处理或污水回用处理中的应用,相对于传统的生物处理工艺的特点分别进行了分析探讨,总结出MBR作为医院污水二级处理单元时的工艺优势和存在的问题。认为MBR作为医院污水二级处理工艺具有良好的应用前景。同时认为MBR工艺对解决医院污水回用的安全与稳定性问题具有明显的优势。     

生物法减缓MBR膜污染的研究进展

膜生物反应器（MBR）因占地面积小、剩余污泥产量少等诸多优点已被广泛运用到水处理中,但膜污染所带来的频繁膜清洗和膜更换提高了MBR的实际运行成本,是制约其发展的主要因素。因此,大量研究致力于发展MBR膜污染的减缓方法,包括物理法、化学法和生物法等;其中,生物法由于具有成本低、环境友好及可持续性等优点而受到广泛关注。对MBR中减缓膜污染的生物控制方法进行了系统分类,重点介绍了群体感应与淬灭技术、能量解偶联、生物酶法、NO诱导法、D-氨基酸抑制法、裂解与捕食六种生物法在MBR中减缓膜污染的最新应用和进展,并根据目前生物法存在的一些问题对其未来的研究方向进行了展望。     

MBR工艺中投加铝盐化学除磷效果及膜污染问题研究

膜生物反应器(简称MBR)是现代膜分离技术与传统生物处理技术有机结合而产生的一种全新的高效污水处理工艺。结合某实际工程运行工况,对MBR工艺中投加铝盐化学除磷的效果及膜污染现象进行分析研究。结果表明,在MBR中投加铝盐在有效去除水中磷的同时,膜污染问题也得到了有效控制,具有进一步推广的意义。     

MBR工艺中投加铝盐化学除磷

膜生物反应器(简称MBR)是现代膜分离技术与传统生物处理技术有机结合而产生的一种全新的高效污水处理工艺。结合某实际工程运行工况,对MBR工艺中投加铝盐化学除磷的效果及膜污染现象进行分析研究。结果表明,在MBR中投加铝盐在有效去除水中磷的同时,膜污染问题也得到了有效控制,具有进一步推广的意义。     

MBR在生活污水处理与回用中的应用

阐述了膜生物反应器（MBR）的分类及原理,总结出膜生物反应器较传统的活性污泥系统所具有的特点,重点介绍了膜生物反应器在生活污水处理领域的应用,从而达到较高的去除效果。     

MBR处理工艺及其在中水回用中的实践

指出膜—生物反应器（Membrane Bioreactor,MBR）是膜分离技术与生物处理技术相结合之高效经济的废水处理系统。结合一体化膜生物反应器MBR的工艺原理,对比了MBR工艺在住宅小区中应用的各种经济因素,进而对MBR处理工艺在住宅小区中水回用中的应用进行了有益的实践。     

Membrane coupled high-performance compact reactor: a new MBR system for advanced wastewater treatment

This study examined the potential and limitations of a new submerged membrane system coupled with a High-performance Compact Reactor (HCR) to take advantages of both systems. The configuration and installation position in the HCR of the membrane module were thoroughly investigated for the optimum design of a submerged membrane coupled with HCR, e.g., MHCR. Inside the draft tube proved to be better location rather than outside the draft tube or in the degas tank and an open-type configuration of a membrane module has an advantage over a fixed-type configuration in terms of membrane fouling. Comparison of the innovative MHCR with a conventional membrane bioreactor (MBR) was made to identify and prove the superiority of MHCR to MBR with respect to the membrane performance. The MHCR has shown the great potential, particularly for the treatment of wastewater of high organic strength.     

MBR处理印染废水的膜污染及清洗研究

膜生物反应器（MBR）是一种新型反应器，处理印染废水时除污效果很显著，但长时间的运行会造成膜的严重污染，为此对A／OMBR（厌氧—膜生物反应器）处理印染废水时的膜污染情况和清洗效果做了研究。结果表明，膜污染主要是由膜表面凝胶层造成的；化学清洗的效果优于物理清洗（化学清洗能恢复膜通量约90％以上，而物理清洗仅能恢复膜通量约70％）；NaOH的清洗效果优于NaOCl。     

Membrane coagulation bioreactor (MCBR) for drinking water treatment

In this paper, a novel submerged ultrafiltration (UF) membrane coagulation bioreactor (MCBR) process was evaluated for drinking water treatment at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) as short as 0.5h. The MCBR performed well not only in the elimination of particulates and microorganisms, but also in almost complete nitrification and phosphate removal. As compared to membrane bioreactor (MBR), MCBR achieved much higher removal efficiencies of organic matter in terms of total organic carbon (TOC), permanganate index (COD(Mn)), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and UV absorbance at 254nm (UV(254)), as well as corresponding trihalomethanes formation potential (THMFP) and haloacetic acids formation potential (HAAFP), due to polyaluminium chloride (PACl) coagulation in the bioreactor. However, the reduction of biodegradable dissolved organic carbon (BDOC) and assimilable organic carbon (AOC) by MCBR was only 8.2% and 10.1% higher than that by MBR, indicating that biodegradable organic matter (BOM) was mainly removed through biodegradation. On the other hand, the trans-membrane pressure (TMP) of MCBR developed much lower than that of MBR, which implies that coagulation in the bioreactor could mitigate membrane fouling. It was also identified that the removal of organic matter was accomplished through the combination of three unit effects: rejection by UF, biodegradation by microorganism and coagulation by PACl. During filtration operation, a fouling layer was formed on the membranes surface of both MCBR and MBR, which functioned as a second membrane for further separating organic matter.     

Factors affecting filtration characteristics in membrane-coupled moving bed biofilm reactor

Factors affecting filtration characteristics in submerged hollow fiber membrane were investigated in membrane-coupled moving bed biofilm reactor (M-CMBBR). The trend of membrane biofouling in M-CMBBR was quite different from that in a conventional membrane bioreactor (MBR). The M-CMBBR showed much lower biofouling rate than a conventional MBR. Whereas the membrane biofouling in conventional MBR system is known to be dependent mostly on biochemical effects of mixed liquor (soluble COD, EPS, etc.), the extent of biofouling in M-CMBBR was largely dependent on the potential collision energy of biofilm carriers (media) moving freely and colliding with surfaces of submerged hollow fibers. The collisions between circulating media and hollow fiber membranes gave rise to frictional forces which mitigated the formation of biofilms on the outer surface of hollow fibers. Consequently, the membrane permeability was greatly enhanced. The potential collision energy of moving media was dependent on the media volume fraction as well as the air flow rate. The membrane permeability was found to be proportional to the relative potential collision energy of the biofilm carriers. The frictional effect on the morphology of biofilms formed on the surface of organic membrane under various operating condition was also examined and identified through their visualization with SEM and AFM.     

污泥驯化阶段MBR与CAS工艺特性比较

在接种污泥、进水水质、反应器尺寸及水力停留时间相同的条件下，比较了膜生物反应器（MBR）和传统活性污泥工艺（CAS）在污泥驯化期的除污效果和污泥特性。结果表明，MBR对COD的去除效果优于CAS的，两工艺对氨氮的去除效果差异不大；MBR中的污泥絮体较CAS中的分散，原生动物和后生动物的种类也较少；MBR中的污泥浓度远高于CAS工艺的，其污泥的体积平均粒径小于CAS的；两反应器中的活性污泥均表现出了较好的沉降性能。     

优势菌强化膜生物反应器处理制药废水研究

利用膜生物反应器对泥水能高效分离的特点,将优势菌技术与膜生物反应器结合处理避孕药生产废水,并在反应条件相同的情况下,与普通膜生物反应器的处理效果进行了比较.试验结果表明,向膜生物反应器中投加优势菌后,可实现系统的稳定运行,对COD的去除率90%,出水水质达到了北京市地方标准--<水污染物排放标准>(DB 11/307-2005);同时,优势菌的投加还增强了异养微生物的活性,提高了对NH3-N的去除效率.     

膜生物反应器的工程应用进展

指出膜生物反应器被视为“最佳实用技术”,在污水回用处理和工业废水处理方面有其显著的优势,对其工程应用进展进行了综述,并展望了未来发展和今后的研究方向,以推广膜生物反应器的应用。