标准化学科几何互换性定律的创建

本文讨论了规律和定律的关系和特点,讨论了几何互换性的本质关系,推论了互换性定律的存在,创建了动配合互换性定律、定位配合互换性定律、紧配合互换性定律,建立了定律的命题、数学模型和关系模型,详述了每个定律的内涵,创建了支持互换性工程应用的几何互换性空间,讨论了互换性定律的应用,创建了广泛适用的互换性空间。     

标准化学科功能互换性定律的创建

本文讨论了互换性的新模式——功能互换性,阐述了功能互换性的概念和特点,创建了功能互换性的命题,解读了功能互换性命题的内涵及其数学模型,给出了功能互换性的关注情形,探讨了功能互换性的适用范围和作用意义,验证了功能互换性定律的有效性,说明了功能互换性定律的应用,并给出了指导功能互换性定律应用的实例。     

标准化学科核心原理的构建（下）

本文研究提出了原理构建的必备要素,以引导学科原理的构建,按照原理要素关系,分析了过去所提出原理存在的问题,论述了标准化原理重建的原因,研究提出了标准化学科的统一化原理、互换性原理、通用化原理、系列化原理、模块化原理的理论命题,讨论了每个原理的规律性内容,分析了五个原理间的相互关系,对每个原理应用七要素进行了验证,给出了每个原理相应的应用方法。     

标准化学科定律的创建

本文归纳和分析了定律的特点和必备要素,以引导定律学科构建,分析了原理和定律的特点和区别,研究创建了标准化学科的第一定律（变换定律）、第二定律（统一最大定律）、第三定律（相通定律）、第四定律（时域同态定律）、第五定律（空域同态定律）、第六定律（时空域同态定律）,给出了每个定律的命题、数学模型和关系模型,对标准化学科的定律进行了要素验证,并给出了定律的主要应用实例和应用方向。     

标准化学科核心原理的构建（上）

本文研究提出了原理构建的必备要素,以引导学科原理的构建,按照原理要素关系,分析了过去所提出原理存在的问题,论述了标准化原理重建的原因,研究提出了标准化学科的统一化原理、互换性原理、通用化原理、系列化原理、模块化原理的理论命题,讨论了每个原理的规律性内容,分析了5个原理间的相互关系,对每个原理应用七要素进行了验证,给出了每个原理相应的应用方法。     

标准化方法和方法标准化

本文分别深入讨论了标准化方法和方法标准化的内涵,剖析了它们的理性形成关系和应用关系,研究了它们在标准化范畴拥有的关系和地位,深入讨论了统一化、互换性、通用化、系列化、模块化等标准化形式形成标准化方法的理论关系,理论上证明了一些标准化形式的标准化属性,详细讨论了方法标准化的方法对象的分类关系、实践关系和范畴,深入研究了标准化方法和方法标准化的相互依赖和对立统一的哲理关系。     

大锯齿形螺纹的可旋入性判别方法

通过分析综合法和量化法两种螺纹测量方法所具有的优缺点,针对大型管状锯齿形螺纹可旋入性讨论满足批量工件互换性的要求,有助于精确判断出大型锯齿形螺纹的可旋入性。     

标准化形式的理论谱系创建

本文对标准化形式的确定所面临的困惑进行了讨论,应用标准化的理性概念和标准化公理,推论和演绎出了20种标准化的理想形态,并对4个标准化公理进行分析,用两个标准化公理的4种关系和20种标准化理想形态,构建了标准化形态的理论谱系矩阵。应用标准化的理论形态对“简化”、“统一化”、“通用化”、“系列化”、“组合化”、“模块化”、“互换性”等原认为的标准化形态进行了理论验证,应用标准化形式的理论谱系对语言、文字、信息传输的标准化关系进行了解释。     

互换热敏电阻

根据热敏电阻的温度特性给出互换热敏电阻的定义。互换性用互换精度△R/R=(1 △A/A)[(B_2-B_1)/T 1/2(B_2-B_1)/T)~2]表之。本文结合实验结果讨论掺金硅、本征锗、氧化物半导体热敏电阻一致性与材料参数的关系,并讨论这些材料的热敏机理。最后简要叙述元件结构参数对一致性的影响,以提供设计和制作互换性元件的一般依据。     

加工流场中高聚物复杂流体内部结构的唯象定律

讨论了高聚物复杂流体的内部结构张量,热力学状态空间,自由能函数和非平衡热力学唯象定律,综述了唯象定律在处于流场力作用下的高聚物熔体的大分子构象结构,两相共混物的相结构,纤维充高聚物复合体系的纤维取向结构的流变方程的应用,指出了一条建立流场中高聚物复杂结构流变方程的途径。     

Generalized Couette flow in channels of irregular cross‐section

Abstract

The flow behavior of non‐Newtonian power‐law fluids in channels of irregular cross‐section is examined. The driving force of the flow may be a constant pressure gradient (Poiseuille flow), a moving boundary (Couette flow) or the combination of the two (generalized Couette flow). There are three factors that influence the fluid motion in a channel, namely, the power‐law index n, the channel geometry and a dimensionless quantity E which can be viewed as the ratio of drag flow to pressure flow. The effects of these variables on velocity distributions and volumetric flow rates for various channel geometries are analyzed. The direct application of the numerical results on extruder design and operation is discussed.     

A phenomenological multi-axial constitutive law for switching in polycrystalline ferroelectric ceramics

A phenomenological constitutive law for ferroelectric switching due to multi-axial mechanical and electrical loading of a polycrystalline material is developed. The framework of the law is based on kinematic hardening plasticity theory and has a switching surface in the space of mechanical stress and electric field that determines when non-linear response is possible. The size and shape of the switching surface in a modified electric field space remains fixed during non-linear behavior but its center moves around and thus is controlled by a kinematical hardening process. In general, the remanent polarization and the remanent strain are used as the internal variables that control how the center of the switching surface moves. However, the form presented in this paper has a one-to-one relationship between the remanent strain and the remanent polarization, simplifying the constitutive law and allowing remanent polarization to be used as the only internal variable controlling the kinematic effects. The constitutive law successfully reproduces hysteresis and butterfly loops for ferroelectric ceramics. The hysteresis and butterfly loops respond appropriately to the application of a fixed compressive stress parallel to the electric field. In addition, the law successfully handles remanent polarization rotation due to the application of electric field at an angle to the polarization direction.     

医用镁合金的腐蚀行为与表面改性

对镁及镁合金作为生物材料的可能性和研究进展进行了评述。介绍了镁及镁合金的腐蚀行为与影响其耐蚀性能的主要因素。同时对医用镁及镁合金的几种表面改性技术进行了讨论。     

Studies on FRP-concrete interface with hardening and softening bond-slip law

This latest experimental study proposes a theory that the bond-slip law for a FRP-concrete interface contains linear hardening and exponential softening. On the basis of this law, the paper studies the mechanic behavior and debonding process of a FRP-concrete interface. Firstly, through nonlinear fracture mechanics, the analytical solutions of the interface shear stress, the axial normal stress of FRP and the load–displacement relationship at the loaded end with the single shear test model of FRP-concrete are acquired. The shear stress propagation as well as the debonding process of the whole interface for different bond lengths could be predicted. Secondly, a simplified interface bond-slip law is used by changing the exponential softening law into a linear softening law. In addition, the analytical solutions for the simplified interface bond-slip law could also be obtained. Finally, based on the analytical solutions of the two bond-slip laws, the influences of the FRP bond length and stiffness on load–displacement curve and the ultimate load, as well as stiffness on effective bond length were discussed, with the similarities and differences between the two bond-slip laws also being studied.     

Combined optical solitons with parabolic law nonlinearity and spatio-temporal dispersion

In this work, combined optical solitons are constructed in a weakly nonlocal nonlinear medium. The spatio-temporal dispersion (STD), parabolic law nonlinearity, detuning, nonlinear dispersion as well as inter-modal dispersion are taken into account. The integration tool that is applied is the complex envelope function ansatz. The influences of different parameters on dynamical behavior of combined optical solitons are discussed. The results are useful in describing the propagation of combined optical solitons with STD and parabolic law nonlinearity.     

主动结构的控制律辨识研究

主动控制结构主要运用于包括振动、声学、转子动力学的一些工程项目中。对于各种主动结构,其控制律显然是最能反映主动结构动力学特征的参数。在对相关参数进行了初步的探讨后,得到了在单点控制单点反馈条件下,对其反馈信号类型及其反馈增益的辨识公式。该方法由频响函数直接构造,其表达简洁,具有一定的工程实用价值。通过实例的数值计算也证实了该方法的正确性。     

剪切对聚合物共混体系相行为影响理论研究的进展

从热力学理论和热力学模型两个方面综述了剪切对聚合物共混体系相行为的影响。剪切对聚合物共混体系相行为影响的理论研究中，出现了众多的热力学理论模型，包括Wolf理论模型、Onukj理论模型、Lyngaae-Jorgensen理论模型以及焓熵竞争模型等。文中较为详细地阐述了各种模型的内容、条件以及优缺点．并着重介绍了现在最为流行的Wolf热力学模型在剪切对二元和三元聚合物共混体系的理论研究中的具体应用。     

Flow of pressure-dependent plastic material between two rough conical walls

Summary The present paper deals with a general thermodynamic framework for the modelling of temperature and rate dependent deformation behavior of anisotropically damaged elastic-plastic materials subjected to impact loadings. Based on the concepts of continuum damage mechanics, rate-dependent constitutive equations are derived from the first and second law of thermodynamics which are only based on a limited number of material parameters. Identification of the constitutive parameters is discussed and the applicability of the present continuum damage approach is demonstrated by numerical simulations of low and high strain rate tension tests. The evolution of different data is studied and compared with available experimental results.     

雷管输出威力的非动态测量法

文章对测定雷管输出威力的非动态方法进行了评述，分析了它们的特点，应用范围及发展趋势，提出了应进行标准炸药装药标准化，雷管－惰性介质界面能量传递规律的研究及根据实际需要选择合适测试方法等看法。     

Numerical study on dynamic characteristics of micromachined ionic polymer metal composite devices based on molecular-scale modeling

A molecular scale electro-chemo-mechanical model is newly presented to explain the dynamic characteristics of the developed micromachined ionic polymer metal composite (μIPMC) devices. Established from the Newton’s second law of motion, utilizing the Coulomb’s law, Stokes’ law, concentration gradient of particles to describe the associated forces, and accompanied by the application of mass conservation principle, the model is derived to elucidate the time-dependent charge transport of the moving cation concentration of μIPMC devices. A constitutive relation associating the concentration of moving cations with induced in-plane stress according to Coulomb’s law is also proposed. The numerical analysis results show good correlation with our previous experimental outcomes. More dynamic properties of the μIPMC transducer based on the derived model, including the concentration of moving cations, induced stress, generated moment and displacement under the influence of voltage amplitude, operating frequency, actuation time and driving waveform, are further discussed in this paper.