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《应用化工》2022,(8):1925-1929
由苯甲醛、苯乙酮和氨基硫脲合成曼尼希碱缓蚀剂,通过静态失重实验、动电位极化曲线、交流阻抗等方法评价了其在10%HCl溶液中对N80钢的缓蚀性能。结果表明,在缓蚀剂加量为1%、60℃的10%盐酸溶液中,N80钢片的腐蚀速率为0.627 4 g/(m2·h);随着温度的升高和盐酸浓度的增加,缓蚀剂的腐蚀速率有所上升,但都在1 g/(m2·h);随着温度的升高和盐酸浓度的增加,缓蚀剂的腐蚀速率有所上升,但都在1 g/(m2·h)以下;缓蚀剂在钢片表面的吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温模型;加入缓蚀剂后,钢片的腐蚀电流密度降低,电荷转移电阻增大,表明该缓蚀剂能有效地抑制N80钢的腐蚀。 相似文献
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针对强酸性介质中连续油管常用缓蚀剂存在成膜稳定性较差、缓蚀有效期短等问题,以十二烷基三甲基溴化铵(DTAB)、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)、曼尼希碱季铵盐、正丁醇、白油等为原料,利用拟三元相图与滴液法制备了连续油管用微乳液型缓蚀剂HSL-1。同时应用静态挂片失重法考察了缓蚀剂与酸液质量分数以及环境温度等参数对HSL-1缓蚀性能的影响规律,并结合SEM与极化曲线分析了HSL-1长效缓蚀机理与效果。结果表明:HSL-1缓蚀剂是一种以抑制阴极过程为主的混合型缓蚀剂,分散相粒径为15~85 nm,属于典型的水包油型微乳液;当HSL-1质量分数为1.0%~2.0%时对酸性环境下连续油管缓蚀效果最佳,腐蚀速率均为3~5 g/(m~2·h);同时水包油的微乳结构可控制缓蚀组分的释放速度,维持返排液中缓蚀组分的有效质量分数,即使CT80(连续油管的钢材型号)挂片浸入乏酸12 h,腐蚀速率仅为0.381 g/(m~2·h),对连续油管具有持久缓蚀作用。 相似文献
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《应用化工》2022,(7):1801-1806
由一种传统酸化缓蚀主剂"氯化苄基喹啉季铵盐"经缩合得到一种新型二聚物。通过核磁共振、红外等表征确认季铵盐及其缩合物的纯度与化学结构后,通过静态失重、电化学评价等对比研究了二聚缩合物与传统季铵盐在15%浓盐酸中对N80钢的缓蚀性能,并结合分子动力学模拟结果探讨了其缓蚀机理。结果表明,缩合物较传统季铵盐缓蚀性能显著增强,在加量为0.03%时,便可将90℃、15%盐酸中N80试片的腐蚀速率降至5.0 g/(m2·h)以下,而后者在加量为1%时,仅可将腐蚀速率降低至233.72 g/(m2·h)以下,而后者在加量为1%时,仅可将腐蚀速率降低至233.72 g/(m2·h)。电化学评价结果显示,二聚缩合物是以阳极型为主的混合型缓蚀剂,且具有相较于其前体物季铵盐更低的生物毒性,体现出一定的低毒环保优势。 相似文献
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曼尼希碱缓蚀剂的复配性能研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以甲醛、有机酮和苯胺为原料合成曼尼希碱缓蚀剂CD-1,用OP-10、乌洛托品、硫脲与之进行了复配,评价了复配产物在质量分数为15%盐酸和土酸(3%氢氟酸+12%盐酸)中对N-80钢片的缓蚀性能。参照中华人民共和国石油与天然气行业标准SY5405-1996《酸化用缓蚀剂性能试验方法及评价指标》,采用静态腐蚀速度评价方法对复配的缓蚀剂L系列进行了评价,其中L-17在15%盐酸中,当缓蚀剂加量为0.5%时,其腐蚀速率为0.3256g/(m2.h),L-9在土酸中,加量为0.5%时,其腐蚀速率为0.3459g/(m2.h)。复配后的曼尼希碱缓蚀剂能有效地提高缓蚀效果。 相似文献
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通过实验 ,提出腐蚀产物滞留对腐蚀过程的加剧作用 ,揭示了腐蚀产物滞留加剧腐蚀过程的机理 ,提出了减缓滞留腐蚀产物对腐蚀过程加剧作用的方法 相似文献
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金属原油储罐的腐蚀与防护 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
针对原油储罐腐蚀的现状,为提高油罐的使用寿命,减少油罐事故发生率,分析了造成油罐腐蚀的原因。并提出了具体的防腐措施。同时对油罐防护施工中应注意的几个问题进行了探讨。 相似文献
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This paper describes a multiscale (from global to micron) model for the prediction of atmospheric corrosion. The model has a modular structure, in which the higher scales set the boundary conditions for the lower scales, and the lower scales alter some of the constants in the upper scales. The model has primarily been designed for Australian conditions and so focuses on corrosion by marine aerosols. The upper level modules look at aerosol production by oceans and surf beaches, salt transport and deposition, and cleaning events such as rain and wind, to provide an estimate of salt retention on surfaces. Separate modules that define surface temperature, surface relative humidity, and wetting and drying of deposited hygroscopic salts, enable the prediction of the (three-hourly) ‘state’ of a surface, where ‘state’ is defined as dry, wet from rain or wet from the wetting of hygroscopic salts. The state model is combined with a damage model to estimate the progression of damage with time. Currently, damage models are either probabilistic (define the occurrence, growth or death of pits as probability functions) or empirical (define a single relationship between mass loss in a given state on the basis of measured data) in nature, but new experimental and modelling research is being undertaken to develop first-principle models of corrosion under established oxide films. 相似文献
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Rudolph G. Buchheit Hong Guan Suhakar Mahajanam Fariaty Wong 《Progress in Organic Coatings》2003,47(3-4):174-182
In this study it is shown that anion-exchanging hydrotalcite compounds dispersed as a particulate additive in organic resins leads to potent corrosion inhibition of an underlying aluminum alloy substrate. The use of this additive also imparts the ability to detect environmental changes in the coating that are a prelude to substrate corrosion. Corrosion inhibition is derived from release of a decavanadate from crystalline Al–Zn hydroxide-based hydrotalcite particles into electrolyte that has permeated the pore space of the coating. Decavanadate release is accompanied by uptake of chloride ion in an exchange reaction. The exchange of the large decavanadate anion for the smaller chloride ion in the hydrotalcite structure results in a predictable change in crystal structure, which can be detected by X-ray diffraction. The occurrence of the decavanadate-chloride exchange reaction indicates that aggressive electrolyte has invaded the coating and that corrosion may be imminent. In this paper, methods for synthesizing an Al–Zn-decavanadate hydrotalcite particulate suitable for dispersion in an epoxy resin are described. Results from exposure and electrochemical tests illustrating corrosion protection by the hydrotalcite pigmented coatings are presented. Additionally, the characteristic changes in the X-ray diffraction pattern of hydrotalcite associated with the decavanadate-chloride exchange are presented. Diffraction patterns collected from coated Al substrates are also presented, indicating that diffraction-based interrogation of coatings is possible. 相似文献
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海洋环境(海水、海洋大气和海泥)是条件极为严苛的自然腐蚀环境。船舶和海洋工程等长期服役在海洋环境中的钢铁结构体极易被腐蚀。有机缓蚀剂具有分子结构可设计性强、缓蚀效率高、作用时间长等优点,可有效阻止或减缓金属的腐蚀。因此,在海洋防腐涂料中添加有机缓蚀剂是提升其耐蚀性能的有效方法。该文结合国内外最新研究进展,综述了有机小分子缓蚀剂和聚合物缓蚀剂的特性及其在海洋防腐涂料中的应用,包括总结归纳各种有机缓蚀剂的分子结构和性能影响因素,分析有机缓蚀剂的表征手段和作用机制,讨论不同添加工艺对有机缓蚀剂在防腐涂料中的应用研究。最后,对有机缓蚀剂未来发展方向进行了展望。 相似文献