盐胁迫对油葵幼苗生长及离子吸收·分布的影响

[目的]研究不同浓度NaCl对油葵幼苗干、鲜重及离子吸收和分布的影响.[方法]采用不同浓度NaCl溶液模拟盐胁迫环境,测定油葵幼苗干、鲜重及离子含量.[结果]NaCl胁迫抑制油葵幼苗生长,降低了幼苗干、鲜重.叶片鲜重下降最明显,200mmol/L NaCl胁迫时下降约60%;子叶鲜重下降最少,200mmol/L NaCl时下降约13%.干重的下降程度同鲜重相似1200mmol/L NaCl胁迫时,根、茎、叶、子叶的干重与对照组相比分别下降约35%,39%,55%和8%.NaCl胁迫下,油葵幼苗根和茎中Na+含量上升,K+含量下降;Na+主要集中在根和茎中.叶片中较少;根中K+含量下降最明显,叶片中K+含量相对较高.根和茎中Ca+,Mg2+含量下降,叶片和子叶中Ca2+含量相对稳定,子叶中mg2+含量略上升.[结论]油葵幼苗在NaCl胁迫下保持较高的矿物质元素吸收和运输以及相对稳定的离子平衡,可能是油葵具有较高耐盐性的原因.     

钙肥对板栗幼苗三大基本营养元素吸收的影响

[目的]研究钙肥处理对板栗幼苗吸收氮、磷、钾营养元素的影响.[方法]以1,2年生板栗幼苗为供试材料,施入不同浓度的钙肥,测定板栗幼苗不同部位的氮、磷、钾含量.[结果]当钙肥浓度为3mmol/L时,板栗幼苗各器官的含钙量达到最大值,但1年生幼苗根部的含钙量除外,其在钙肥浓度为2mmol/L时达到最大值.1年生幼苗各器官氮含量最大值对应的钙肥浓度不尽相同,叶、茎、根分别对应的钙肥浓度为4,5,3mmol/L;2年生苗各器官的氮含量最大值均出现在3mmol/L时.磷和钾的吸收波动较大,各器官含量最大值在3,4,5mmol/L均有出现.[结论]钙肥在一定程度上能有效提高1,2年生板栗幼苗对氮、磷、钾的吸收,提高板栗的营养水平.     

紫茎泽兰不同组织水提取液对水稻·玉米化感作用机制

[目的]研究紫茎泽兰不同组织根、茎、叶水浸提取液对2种农作物玉米、水稻化感作用及对受试农作物生理指标的影响,以探讨化感物质作用机制.[方法]采用培养皿滤纸法测定不同浓度根、茎、叶水浸提液对受试种子萌发率和幼苗生长影响,并检测受试农作物生理指标丙二醛(MDA)含量、过氧化物酶(POD)活力的变化.[结果]紫茎泽兰根、茎、叶水浸提液对受试玉米、水稻的发芽率和幼苗根长、株高均有不同程度的影响,使受试农作物幼苗体内丙二醛(MDA)含量增加、过氧化物酶(POD)活性呈现先增加后降低趋势.[结论]紫茎泽兰不同组织水提液对受体植物的种子萌发、幼苗生长过程均具有明显的抑制作用,其茎的化感敏感效应大于根、叶,水提液抑制受试农作物光合效率,提高了幼苗体内的MDA含量,并降低了POD酶活性.     

氯化胆碱浸种对菠菜种子萌发·幼苗某些生理特性的影响

[目的]用不同浓度的氯化胆碱(CC)溶液浸种后, 研究CC对菠菜种子萌发及幼苗某些生理特性的影响.[方法]测定了种子萌发率、发芽指数、蛋白质、叶绿素和可溶性糖含量、抗氧化酶活性、丙二醛含量和超氧阴离子的产生速率.[结果]CC溶液浸种后能提高种子萌发率和发芽指数,提高幼苗叶片中可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质和叶绿素含量,超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶的活性均有所提高, 而超氧阴离子的产生速率和丙二醛含量明显低于未经CC处理的.[结论]各浓度的CC溶液浸种以25 mg/L浸种效果最好.     

外源水杨酸对番茄耐盐性的影响

[目的]探讨外源水杨酸(SA)对番茄耐盐性的影响,为SA在番茄生产中的应用提供理论依据.[方法]在盐胁迫条件下,对番茄喷施不同浓度(1、2、5 mmol/L)的SA,测定其叶片叶绿素含量、可溶性糖含量、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、相对电导率及根系活力,研究外源SA处理对番茄幼苗耐盐性的影响.[结果]外源SA能不同程度地提高番茄叶片叶绿素含量、可溶性糖含量、POD活性和根系活力,而降低叶片相对电导率.其中浓度2 mmol/L SA对叶绿素含量、POD活性和相对电导率的影响最佳,而浓度5 mmol/L SA对可溶性糖和根系活力的影响较大.[结论]外源SA能够提高番茄幼苗的耐盐性,但适宜施用浓度和施用周期尚需进一步研究.     

镉胁迫对罗汉果幼苗生理生化特性的影响

[目的]研究不同浓度Cd胁迫对罗汉果幼苗生理生化特性的影响.[方法]通过盆栽试验,测定不同浓度Cd处理的罗汉果幼苗细胞膜透性,MDA、脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量,以及SOD、POD、CAT活性等各项生理生化指标.[结果]随着Cd浓度升高,细胞膜透性逐渐增大;在相对低浓度Cd(10 mg/kg)处理下 MDA、脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量均少于对照,而后随着Cd浓度的升高而明显上升;在较低Cd浓度胁迫条件下,SOD、POD、CAT活性变化不明显,但随着Cd浓度的升高,SOD、POD、CAT活性逐渐升高,然后又降低.[结论]高浓度Cd胁迫加重了叶片氧化程度并对罗汉果生长具有一定的抑制作用;而SOD、POD、CAT 活性的提高与维持是罗汉果耐Cd 胁迫的物质基础之一.     

外源赤霉素对盐胁迫下盐角草种子萌发及幼苗生长的影晌

[目的]研究外源赤霉素(CA3)对盐胁迫下盐角草种子发芽及幼苗生长的影响.[方法]通过不同浓度(0、100、300、500、700mmol/L)的NaCl结合10μg/mlGA3处理,研究了外源GA3对盐胁迫下盐角草种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响.[结果]外源GA3提高了盐胁迫条件下盐角草的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数以及活力指数.在外源GA3处理下,盐角草的根系活力、幼苗根茎长及耐盐性都高于单盐处理.[结论]在一定浓度范围内,外源GA3能缓解盐胁迫对盐角草种子萌发及幼苗生长的抑制作用.     

不同品种金银花叶片中脯氨酸对盐胁迫的响应

[目的]研究不同品种金银花(Lonicera japonica Thunb)叶片中脯氨酸对盐胁迫的响应.[方法]采用5个不同浓度(0、100、200、400和600 mmol/L)的NaCl溶液对金银花苗进行盐分胁迫试验,以叶片中脯氨酸含量作为评价指标研究不同品种金银花耐盐碱的特性.[结果]短期盐处理后,树型金银花叶片中脯氨酸含量随NaCl浓度的增加急剧增加;藤状金银花叶片在不同浓度之间无显著差异.但随着胁迫时间的加长,藤状金银花叶片中脯氨酸含量随Nacl浓度的增加而显著增加.2个品种的的金银花脯氨酸含量均为NaCl浓度400 mmol/L处理的值最大.[结论]与藤状金银花比较,树型金银花叶片中脯氨酸对盐胁迫更敏感,表现出较强的渗透调节能力.     

小桐子幼苗在空气干旱胁迫下的水分状况变化与渗透调节物质响应差异

[目的]研究小桐子幼苗在空气干旱胁迫下的水分状况变化与渗透调节物质响应差异,以更好地理解其抗旱性机制.[方法]以培养12d的小桐子幼苗为材料,在25℃/20℃(昼/夜),16h光照、相对湿度75%的人工气候箱中进行空气干旱处理,测定小桐子水势、渗透势,以及可溶性糖、脯氨酸、甜莱碱含量变化.[结果]空气干旱处理导致小桐子叶片水势、渗透势显著下降,膨压丧失.小桐子叶片和茎秆中可溶性糖、脯氨酸和甜菜碱含量不同程度地显著上升.[结论]小桐子叶和茎中有机渗透调节物质对干旱胁迫的响应存在明显差异,总体而言,叶片对干旱的响应大于茎秆.     

小麦幼苗根系在Cr6+胁迫下生长和DNA含量的变化

[目的]研究重金属Cr<'6+>对小麦幼苗根系生长和DNA含量的影响.[方法]用浓度5～100 mg/L Cr<'6+>分别处理3和10 d龄小麦幼苗,测定生长指标,采用紫外分光光度法和电泳法测定DNA含量变化.[结果]除了Cr<'6+>>20 mg/L时,3d龄幼苗的根数小于对照根数外,其余处理根数均增加;而根长、根系鲜重和干重、DNA含量均随着Cr<'6+>浓度的增加而降低.3d龄幼苗比10 d龄幼苗对Cr<'6+>更敏感.琼脂糖凝胶电泳显示,对照根尖DNA带基本完整,而Cr<'6+>处理的DNA则发生了降解,出现拖尾现象.[结论]Cr<'6+>处理影响了小麦幼苗根系的正常生长并导致DNA含量下降.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

Comparison of the results of surgical and conservative treatment of fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia

In this paper is treated the fundamental problematic of the fracture of the diaphysis of the tibia and the therapeutic results after the conservative and operative treatment are confronted. Among 518 patients with 433 open fractures and 35 with closed fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia, successful treatment of more 2/3 was obtained in the period from 1968 to 1972. Following our casuistics and literature, whose results are similar, we find out that the average total treatment of the osteosynthesis of the fracture of the diaphysis was shortened for 2,5 months depending upon the type and the localisation of the fracture. Apolied methods of the operative and conservative and conservative treatment in relation to the velocity of the medical cure as well as to the extreme anatomical-functional results are analised. We noticed that osteosynthesis, made by the intermedullary nail and the extension of the canals or by a small AO table, by the achieved stability makes conditions of immediate motions and an early rehabilitation. Because of that it gives the best functional results.     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

参与式农业基地建设行动方案设计

为了编制实用性强的基地建设行动方案,首先,确定参与式发展的主体,搭建一个"决策框架";其次,针对行动目标,提出不同参与主体,如管理者、农民、消费者等团队与个人的目标及行动内容;最后,工作应向重塑伙伴式合作关系,挖掘农民自我发展潜力,完成三大角色的转换,打造农业基地文化等方向推进.