斜辊矫直机中矫直辊辊形及其安装角的工程设计方法

本文通过对矫直辊与管材在理想接触条件下接触情况的分析，得出了工程计算矫直辊辊形的参数方程，为在数控机床上加工矫直辊辊形提供了方便，并根据接触理论给出了矫直不同直径管材时调整矫直辊安装角的工程方法。     

斜辊矫旰机中矫直辊辊形及其安装角的工程设计方法

本文通过对矫直辊与管材在理想接触条件下接触情况的分析，得出了工程计算矫直辊辊形的参数方程。     

中厚板热矫直工艺规程制定及优化策略

采用高效的优化方法对中厚板热矫直工艺规程展开研究,以最小矫直力为目标函数,以辊系压下量为设计变量,分别以矫直质量和曲率积分公式作为不等式和等式约束建立工艺规程优化模型并展开优化求解.优化计算结果与某钢厂的在线数据有较好的一致性,以此为基础研究某一具体品种的矫直力、曲率和矫直轨迹等规律,研究结果表明:3～7号辊的矫直力逼近单辊最大矫直力,且在3-7辊下轧件断面塑性百分比接近80%;轧件出口的平直度满足工程要求,横向残余应力能够控制在15MPa以内.     

三辊斜轧空心减径的辊形设计及实验验证

以三辊斜轧空心减径过程中辊形对轧制过程的影响规律为研究对象,对无缝钢管三辊斜轧空心减径过程进行分析研究,建立了辊型的数学模型.利用有限元软件分析辊形曲线对成形过程的影响,并在某三辊实验轧机上进行实验分析,将实验结果与有限元模拟结果进行对比和分析.结果表明,当减径量小于10 mm时,入口锥角为2.5°的辊型对应的轧件在接近均整变形区金属流动十分平缓和均匀,轧件前端面也从三角形截面逐步变为圆截面;当减径量在14 mm左右,采用入口锥角为3.5°的辊型时轧件的质量较好.     

大尺寸板材滚弯过程应力场特点分析

为了考察滚弯过程中下压量对板材应力应变的影响,建立了10Ni5CrMoV钢大尺寸钢板滚弯过程的二维平面应变动态有限元模型,分析了滚弯过程中板材的应力演变及残余应力的分布规律.结果表明:板材截面内厚度方向周向残余应力成拉-压-拉-压的"N"形分布,并且沿厚度方向可以分为5个应力状态各不相同的区域;随上压量的增加,沿板材厚度方向周向应力先增大后趋于一个定值;对于大尺寸板材的滚弯过程而言,用平面应变问题来处理,仍然能保持相当的精度,从而使得大尺寸板材滚弯过程的有限元模拟成为可能.     

四辊平整机轧制过程多体接触耦合变形有限元模拟

为了提高四辊平整机的板型控制精度,采用非线性大变形弹塑性有限元法,考虑辊系弹性变形和轧件弹塑性变形的耦合关系,建立辊系与带钢多体接触的平整过程三维分析模型.利用该模型对不同轧制工艺条件进行的模拟计算,得到了平整小压下量时的接触压扁及应力状态分布规律和工艺参数对辊系弯曲变形及辊缝形状分布的影响规律.所建模型和分析结果可用于现场轧制过程离线分析和指导在线模型的设定.     

矫直在H型钢生产线上的应用

随着钢铁行业的日益竞争,提高产品质量是企业竞争的首要任务,所以为了更好地消除在轧制、冷却、运输过程中产生的一些形状缺陷,如侧弯、上下弯、翼缘内并外张、瓢曲和扭转等缺陷。满足国家标准及用户的要求,大部分轧件需要进行矫直。根据矫直机的结构特点,矫直机可分为：压力矫直机、辊式矫直机、管棒材矫直机、张力矫直机、拉伸弯曲矫直机、五种型式。莱钢大H型钢生产线主要采用cRS辊式矫直和压力矫直进行补矫。     

基于Ansys的锂电池极片辊压质量改善研究

目的 优化辊压机结构,减小辊压后极片的不均匀性,进一步提升锂电池性能。方法 首先,将辊压机工程模型简化为仿真模型,运用Hypermesh对仿真模型进行网格划分,重点加密极片和轧辊接触区域的网格,将划分好的网格以Inp格式导入Ansys中,设置边界条件并求解计算,模拟轧辊辊压极片的过程。其次,提取极片监测点的仿真数据,换算得到极片辊压后的厚度,将仿真结果与实验数据对比,验证极片辊压仿真方法的准确性。最后,运用该仿真方法分析液压弯缸力、弧形辊弓高和轧辊辊面长度等对极片辊压质量的影响。结果 分析仿真和实验结果可知,辊压后极片的厚度平均值和极差值对标率均在90%以上,证明了仿真方法准确可靠。随着弯缸力（0～784 000 N）逐渐增大,极片厚度极差值先减小后增大;随着弧形辊弓高（0～60μm）逐渐增大,极片厚度极差值先减小后增大;随着轧辊辊面长度（1 200～1 500 mm）逐渐减小,极片厚度极差值逐渐减小。结论 施加合适的弯缸力、对弧形辊进行设计均可改善极片辊压质量。轧辊辊面长度越小,极片辊压效果越好。可通过极片辊压仿真方法确定最优弯缸力大小与弧形辊最优弓高,该方法大幅度缩短了辊压机研发周...     

组合式冷轧支承辊热装等效应力研究

为准确计算辊套和辊芯热装等效应力,首次给出了考虑辊套和辊芯尺寸、材料物理性能参数及过盈量影响的辊套和辊芯热装径向应力计算公式,在此基础上得到了不同辊套厚度及过盈量条件下热装等效应力计算公式.为了验证该理论模型,用ANSYS软件对组合式支承辊热装过程进行了数值模拟,分析了不同辊套厚度、辊套和辊芯过盈量对结合面等效应力的影响.研究结果表明:相同过盈量及辊套厚度条件下,热装过程中周向应力约为径向应力的2倍;相同辊套厚度时,过盈量每增加0.1 mm,热装等效应力增大超过20 MPa;相同过盈量时,辊套厚度每增大100 mm,热装等效应力增大约20 MPa.     

薄壁钛管的矫直

为了对薄壁钛和进行高精度矫直,在对弯曲矫直和对辊压扁椭圆矫直法及弯曲矫直与对辊压扁椭圆荞直相结合的矫直法进行对比分析之后,决定在六辊矫直机上采用弯曲矫直法与对辊压扁椭圆矫直法相结合的方法对薄壁钛管进行矫直.在详细分析了影响矫直精度参数的基础上,确定矫直的合适工艺.所进行的矫直实验结果表明:弯曲矫直法与对辊压扁椭圆矫直法相结合的方法可有效的改善薄壁钛管材的直线度和椭圆度.矫直的薄壁钛管直线度达到0.3 mm/m,达到了较高精度的要求.     

An approximate bending force prediction for 3-roller conical bending process

Roll bending process is an important metal forming process used to produce cylindrical and conical shells and sections for various applications. 3-roller conical bending is one such process. For this process it is important to evaluate the maximum force acting on the rollers during the rolling process for designing the rolling machine as well as for evaluating the coefficient of friction at roller-plate interface. It is observed that maximum force is acting on the roller during the static bending in roll bending process [Gandhi et al. 2008]. In the present study mathematical model for force prediction on the rollers have been developed. Effects of various material properties and geometrical parameters have been studied. It has been concluded that the proposed model can be effectively used to get the roller bending force for given geometrical parameters and material properties. It can also be used to get roller plate interface friction, if the experimental value of roll bending force is available.     

Improvement strategy for edge waviness in roll bending process of corrugated sheet metals

This paper focuses on the corrugated thin-walled sheet metal in the roll bending process. The main defect that appears in corrugated panels subjected to high amounts of bending deformation is a wavy edge. Edge defects are caused by excessive longitudinal stress and strain near the edge of the plate, and local edge buckling may occur when some critical value of the bending radius is exceeded. This paper proposes two different approaches to avoid a wavy edge for a formed panel: excessive stress on the edge region is restrained by controlling the length of the cross-sectional end of the corrugated panel while considering the stress distribution, and the bending radius in each forming step is determined by considering the strain limit at which the initial edge waviness occurs to avoid excessive compression at particular steps. The experimental and numerical results indicated that the two proposed design strategies can minimize wavy edges in the formed shape.     

平整加工对高强钢抗畸变能力的影响及优化

为解决高强带钢在生产加工过程中产生的板形缺陷和畸变,本文采用裂纹柔度法测量单下辊传动平整加工前后620JJ带钢内部残余应力,并依据残余应力在厚度或板宽方向分布不均将导致带钢发生畸变,定义带钢应力不平衡度为畸变评价指标,分析了平整工艺对带钢内部残余应力分布和畸变的影响,并利用ABAQUS有限元模拟探究了工艺优化方案。结果表明:裂纹柔度法能够准确表征带钢内部残余应力;应力不平衡度可以直观地表征带钢产生畸变的可能性;平整加工对带钢的主要影响是应力的均衡化和降低整体残余应力水平,平整前后各测点弹性应变能极值与平均值差值从169.25 MPa·mm降至141.86 MPa·mm,带钢内部残余应力的最大值由463.26 MPa降至363.6 MPa;将平整工艺改为双辊传动、增加摩擦力、增加张力、增加轧制力等方式均可有效改善应力不平衡度。     

Determination of structural stress for fatigue analysis of welded aluminium components subjected to bending

The results of extrapolation procedures for the determination of structural stresses are often questionable due to the fact that the stresses at extrapolation points obtained with finite element analyses can be strongly dependent on the mesh size of finite element model and loading mode. Also, existing design S–N curves are derived mostly on the basis of fatigue testing of joints loaded axially. In the present paper the influence of the finite element mesh size on the structural stress value determined by a linear extrapolation method is analysed. Also, the paper examines the possibility of using existing design S–N curves for cases of bending induced by a force on the welded stiffener. Fatigue test results from aluminium welded components with longitudinal or round pad stiffeners subjected to bending loads have been assessed using a structural stress range approach, and compared with the structural stress design S–N curve FAT 40 (IIW) and the structural stress design S–N curve FAT 44 (Eurocode 9). It is concluded that the more precise estimation of fatigue life of aluminium components subjected to bending can be achieved with structural stress design S–N curve proposed by Eurocode 9. The conclusions also include recommendations for regarding component finite element modelling for the determination of structural stresses in case of bending.     

连续冷镀锌卷取塔形产生原因及防范措施

主要从设备和工艺方面分析了镀锌带钢卷取塔形产生的原因。通过调整皮带助卷器各导辊（主要是弧形辊）来保证皮带运行轨迹,从而保证带钢穿带时两侧张力均匀,避免形成塔形。卷取区设备维护等方面进行改进后,卷取塔形问题也有了很大改善。     

An investigation into the impact of magnesium stearate on powder feeding during roller compaction

A systematic evaluation on the effect of magnesium stearate on the transmission of a placebo formulation from the hopper to the rolls during screw fed roller compaction has been carried out. It is demonstrated that, for a system with two 'knurled' rollers, addition of 0.5% w/w magnesium stearate can lead to a significant increase in ribbon mass throughput, with a consequential increase in roll gap, compared to an unlubricated formulation (manufactured at equivalent process conditions). However, this effect is reduced if one of the rollers is smooth. Roller compaction of a lubricated formulation using two smooth rollers was found to be ineffective due to a reduction in friction at the powder/roll interface, i.e. powder was not drawn through the rollers leading to a blockage in the feeding system. An increase in ribbon mass throughput could also be achieved if the equipment surfaces were pre-lubricated. However this increase was found to be temporary suggesting that the residual magnesium stearate layer was removed from the equipment surfaces. Powder sticking to the equipment surfaces, which is common during pharmaceutical manufacturing, was prevented if magnesium stearate was present either in the blend, or at the roll surface. It is further demonstrated that the influence of the hopper stirrer, which is primarily used to prevent bridge formation in the hopper and help draw powder more evenly into the auger chamber, can lead to further mixing of the formulation, and could therefore affect a change in the lubricity of the carefully blended input material.     

提高吊臂折弯精度的工艺措施

目的 分析影响吊臂折弯精度的因素、影响规律,进而找到提升吊臂板折弯精度的控制方法。方法 通过理论分析、数值计算、试验研究的手段,探讨材料回弹、残余应力、设备挠度补偿等对吊臂折弯精度的影响。结果 通过调整折弯行程,合理利用折弯机自带的挠度补偿装置、降低吊臂板原材料的内应力,可将吊臂的折弯合格率提升至99%及以上。结论 可以通过调整和控制回弹量、应用挠度补偿措施以及选择残余应力小的板材的方法来提高吊臂折弯精度。     

Analysis and Experiment on Incremental Forming Process for the Spiral Plate of Continuous Screw Conveyer

An incremental press-forming method was newly developed for the fabrication of spiral plates of a continuous screw conveyer, boring screw, screw pump and so on. In this method, a pair of V-shaped punches and dies with two opposite inclined edges are used instead of punch and die with spiral surfaces. The experiments on incremental forming were carried out on aluminum alloy and steel disks with a hole and a slit, and the deformation process of the plate during and after the press-forming was simulated by a finite element method (FEM). The press-forming shows that the spiral plate has a correct shape and smooth surface, i. e. the gradient of the surface along the internal, central, and external spiral curves of the deformed disk is constant. In addition, the spiral pitch and the amount of spring back obtained by the FEM simulation agree well with the experimental values for the different die or punch angles, the disk thicknesses and the disk materials. The FEM calculation also indicates that the equivalent stress during the press forming as well as the residual stress after the spring back takes a maximum value at an internal diameter position where the die or punch makes first contact to the disk.