Ni含量对淬回火态40CrNiMo钢显微组织和力学性能的影响

使用直读光谱仪、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和力学试验设备,研究了Ni含量对淬回火态40CrNiMo钢的显微组织、残留奥氏体含量、硬度、室温抗拉强度和室温冲击性能的影响。结果表明,随着Ni含量从1.346%增加至1.618%,40CrNiMo钢的显微组织、残留奥氏体含量无明显变化,但α-Fe的晶格畸变增大;在不同回火温度下,试验钢的硬度均提高5~10 HV;450 ℃回火的高Ni含量钢的抗拉强度比低Ni含量钢高78 MPa,抗拉强度的提高幅度则随着回火温度的升高而减小;然而在残留奥氏体含量几乎不变的条件下,Ni含量增加反而会使450、500 ℃回火后钢的冲击吸收能量降低约50%。     

回火温度对40CrNiMo调质钢CMT堆焊HAZ组织性能的影响

针对海洋钻井平台齿轮的修复问题,采用冷金属过渡(CMT)技术在40CrNiMo调质钢表面进行堆焊,利用扫描电镜、显微硬度测试、冲击性能测试和拉伸性能测试等手段,研究了焊后回火温度对40CrNiMo调质钢堆焊热影响区(HAZ)组织和性能的影响.结果表明:随着焊后回火温度的升高,焊接热影响区的硬度逐渐下降,堆焊试样的抗拉强...     

Rotating arc horizontal narrow gap welding of high strength quenched and tempered steel

Rotating arc horizontal narrow gap welding of quenched & tempered ( Q&T) steel was innovatively performed for solving the bottleneck that the molten pool sagged due to the gravity. The shapely multilayer single pass horizontal joint could be obtained by using the rotating arc welding process. The cold crack was not observed in the joint without controlling the heat input and selecting the consumables intentionally. Mkrostructure of the joint could be divided into three zones:base metal zone ( BMZ) , heat-affected zone (HAZ) and weld zone ( WZ). Because of the characteristic of the rotating arc horizontal welding process, the defects in the joints were slag inclusion formed at the inUrlayer of lower side wall. The tensile strength and hardness of HAZ and WZ were larger than those of BMZ. The impact toughness in WZ, HAZ and BM at 0℃ is equal to 115, 212 and 236 J, respectively.     

回火温度对42CrMo钢棒感应调质组织及力学性能的影响

以42CrMo钢棒为对象,使用中频感应加热进行调质处理,研究了不同回火温度(500、550、600、650及700 ℃)对42CrMo钢棒组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着回火温度的升高,42CrMo钢的显微组织均为回火索氏体,碳化物由不均匀分布细针状逐渐转变为短棒状,长宽比减小。随着回火温度升高至600 ℃,碳化物转变为弥散分布的颗粒状,650 ℃时颗粒状碳化物出现偏聚,700 ℃时回火索氏体快速粗化,硬度、抗拉强度与屈服强度呈现连续下降趋势,断后伸长率与断面收缩率呈连续小幅度上升趋势。     

Relationship between ultrasonic characteristics and mechanical properties of tempered martensitic stainless steel

This research studied the relationship between the ultrasonic characteristics and the mechanical properties of tempered CA-15 martensitic stainless steel (MSS). The results show that, for as-quenched specimens, a chromium carbide film at the martensitic boundary of the as-cast specimen will disappear causing a change in the mechanical properties (e.g., the tensile strength is decreased or the hardness and the toughness are increased). For the tempered MSS, the correlation of the ultrasonic velocity and the tensile strength, hardness, and toughness is not obvious. However, there is a highly positive correlation with the elastic modulus (E) of the material. For the ultrasonic attenuation evaluation, the attenuation coefficient (α) has a positive correlation with the tensile strength and the hardness, while there is a negative correlation with the toughness and the elongation. Also, a higher-frequency probe would cause the better sensitivity, but the data are relatively dispersed.     

Influence of cerium on the microstructure and mechanical properties of an as-cast and Q&T steel

In the present work the influence of Cerium on the microstructure and the mechanical properties of a cast, quenched and tempered GS33NiCrMo744 steel is analysed. The study shows that the addition of cerium to the steel melt results in an increase of the number of CeS dispersoids with a size between 0.5 and 3.0 µm. The CeS dispersoids change the solidification morphology and the as-cast microstructure because as a nucleating agent for ferrite. Furthermore, a part of the cerium remains dissolved in the steel. The width of the columnar zone in 25 mm thick castings diametrically correlates with the amount of cerium. Furthermore, the secondary dendritic arm spacing (SDAS) has a tendency to decrease. The tensile strength of these cerium treated and then quenched and tempered (Q&T) steels increases with the number of cerium-containing dispersoids. However, samples with a wall thickness of 75 mm do not show this behaviour.     

紧固件用MFT8非调质钢的冷作滚压形变工艺

利用金相显微镜、电子万能试验机、显微硬度计、X-Ray应力分析仪、扫描电镜等方法研究了滚压对两种减面率的非调质钢MFT8组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,对于19%,37%两种减面率的MFT8钢经滚压处理使其表层组织拉长并纤维化;表层硬度分别提高36和43 HV0.1,抗拉强度提高了7和20 MPa,伸长率和断面收缩率无明显降低,保持了较好的韧性和塑性;试样表面周向残余压应力分别提高了102、117 MPa;表面纵向残余压应力分别提高了107、53 MPa。     

Influence of welding consumables on high cycle fatigue life of flux cored Arc welded high strength,quenched and tempered steel joints

Quenched and tempered (Q&T) steels are prone to hydrogen induced cracking after welding. Austenitic stainless steel (ASS) welding consumables are traditionally used for welding of high hardness, Q&T steels as they have higher solubility for hydrogen in the austenitic phase. The use of stainless steel consumables for a non stainless steel base metal is not economical. Hence, in the present work, an attempt was made to explore alternate consumables for welding Q&T steels. Flux cored arc welding process was used to fabricate the joints using austenitic stainless steel and low hydrogen ferritic steel consumables. The joints fabricated using low hydrogen ferritic steel consumables exhibited superior fatigue performances than the joints fabricated using ASS consumables.     

控轧控冷工艺对F40MnV非调质钢组织及性能的影响

研究了不同的控轧工艺参数对非调质钢组织结构的影响规律,并在非调质钢零件不同部位采用强化控冷技术进行锻后冷却,得到了优化的非调质钢控轧控冷技术。结果表明:非调质钢转向节零件局部强化控冷技术能显著提高零件局部的综合力学性能;在1273～1373 K下,随着应变量ε在0.22～1.61内增加,实验钢原奥氏体晶粒从26～12μm逐渐细化,在该条件下峰值应变约为0.3;在1173～1473 K范围内随着变形温度的降低,变形抗力增大,峰值应变也随之增大,材料原奥氏体晶粒尺寸在20～11μm内逐渐减小;在增大锻压比和局部风冷两种工艺配合下,F40MnV钢可获得较好的综合力学性能。     

冷却速度对微合金化中碳非调质钢组织和性能的影响

通过热处理试验模拟了曲轴用微合金化中碳非调质钢经过小变形量条件的闭式模锻后获得的粗大组织,并进行相应的力学性能测试,研究了冷却速度和微合金元素Ti、Nb对中碳非调质V钢组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,V-Ti-Nb钢炉冷后的综合力学性能最佳,抗拉强度达到960.6 MPa、屈服强度达到672.1 MPa、断后伸长率达到17.5%、冲击吸收能量达到22.9 J。冷却速度的增加使得V钢的抗拉强度和屈服强度均提高了近120 MPa,由于贝氏体这类硬相的存在,导致塑性下降,但是由于原始奥氏体晶粒尺寸的细化,使得冲击性能没有发生明显变化。Ti和Nb的加入,V-Ti-Nb钢由于珠光体片层间距的细化及(V, Ti, Nb)(C, N)的析出强化,屈服强度提升了76.5 MPa;珠光体片层间距和原始奥氏体晶粒尺寸的细化是V-Ti-Nb钢冲击性能改善的主要原因。     

非调质钢曲轴锻造热模拟试验分析

在Gleeble2000热模拟试验机上模拟曲轴实际锻造过程,采用双因子线性回归方法和单因子二次多项式回归方法,分析加热温度和冷却速度对铁素体晶粒数目、铁素体晶粒平均直径和铁素体百分含量的影响,结果显示,加热温度和冷却速度是锻件组织变化的主要影响因素。在特定加热温度和冷却速度条件下,硫化物成分变化和钒、钛的碳、氮化物析出相大小成为组织变化的主要影响因素。试验结果在工业化生产中得到验证。     

不同截面尺寸贝氏体非调质钢的组织和性能

研究了经920℃空冷,300℃回火后不同直径贝氏体非调质钢棒料的组织和力学性能.结果表明,不同直径贝氏体钢试棒,经空冷+回火后的组织均为贝氏体铁素体和残留奥氏体,属于无碳化物贝氏体组织,?30 mm以下棒料热处理后组织变化较小,直径大于?50 mm棒料,心部组织有所粗化,并伴随粒状贝氏体量的增加.热处理后,随棒料直径的...     

调质型低碳Q125级ERW石油套管钢的组织与性能

通过低碳微合金化的思路设计了Q125级ERW石油套管钢的成分,同时研究了调质热处理工艺对其组织和性能的影响。结果表明,采用920℃淬火+500℃回火调质处理后,Q125石油套管钢的屈服强度为975 MPa,抗拉强度990 MPa,伸长率为14.8%,0℃冲击功为43 J,具有良好综合力学性能和耐蚀性。通过电子背散射衍射(EBSD)分析发现,调质后以大角度晶界为边界的平均晶粒尺寸得到明显细化;扫描电镜及透射电镜分析显示,试验钢的组织为典型的回火索氏体,内含有50～160 nm残留的马氏体/贝氏体板条,且板条呈平束状或交错排列,板条内部存在对强度贡献较大的相互缠结的高密度位错亚结构。     

JFE-HITEN610U2L钢制聚丙烯球罐组焊技术

日本JFE-HITEN610U2L属-50℃低温调质高强钢,可用于3 000 m3丙烯球罐的制造,试验研究表明该钢不仅具有优良的低温韧性,且可焊性良好,焊接接头的力学性能较高。通过分析球罐的焊接工艺评定以及工程施工实践,总结该钢的焊接工艺,介绍了焊接施工的关键技术措施。实践证明,该焊接工艺符合相关技术标准要求,能够用于指导3 000 m3高参数丙烯球罐的建造,可以确保其焊接质量,为该类球罐的建造提供了借鉴。     

Nb-V复合非调质钢锻后组织变化

在Gleeble-3800热模拟试验机上进行热变形试验,研究Nb-V复合非调质钢在不同锻造工艺下的组织变化规律。结果表明,相对于单独添加V的非调质钢,Nb-V复合非调质钢锻后晶粒细小,铁素体含量增多,呈块状均匀分布,珠光体片层间距减小,且片层分布不规则,可改善钢的组织韧性。降低冷却速度有利于先共析铁素体长大,促使网状铁素体向块状铁素体转变,分布更均匀,有利于非调质钢韧性的改善。增大锻后变形量,可使组织细化。     

Mathematical modelling of the diffusion controlled phase in marine immersion corrosion of mild steel

In the mathematical modelling of the ‘general’ corrosion of mild and low alloy steels and of some other metals oxygen diffusion through the corrosion products to the corroding surface controls the rate of corrosion at least during some period in the corrosion-time behaviour relationship. Under slightly different theoretical assumptions various early authors derived expressions for this phase. It was usually assumed the derived relationship applied from initial immersion. Only very limited laboratory support for the derived relationships exists. They have been applied to field data for atmospheric corrosion but with constants and exponents modified empirically.In the present paper the theory is reviewed and extended. It is argued that diffusion control cannot apply from first immersion and that this provides considerably greater freedom to mathematical modelling. Allowance is made for non-uniform corrosion product density and permeability and for loss of corrosion product. Recent detailed ‘at-sea’ experimental observations obtained on the Eastern Australian seaboard are applied to test the theory for mild steel. It is shown that the most likely competing mathematical relationships produce relatively similar results. The derived relationship is fitted to literature data to deduce its temperature dependence.     

含硫非调质钢中铸态硫化物的特性研究

为了研究含硫非调质钢铸坯中铸态硫化物的特性,通过金相显微镜对铸坯边缘至中心不同位置晶界处硫化物整体形貌、分布特点、长宽比、析出面积以及冷却条件对硫化物析出行为的影响进行了研究。结果表明：在铸坯边缘位置,硫化物大多分散在晶内,长宽比较小,其他位置处硫化物几乎全部聚集在晶界,长宽比主要在1.5～3.0之间;由铸坯边缘向中心,晶界处硫化物的析出量先增大后减小;晶界处硫化物析出总面积与二次枝晶臂间距的变化趋势基本一致,这种一致性间接反映了冷却速率和凝固进程对硫化物析出和长大的影响。     

淬火工艺对含Ni中锰钢组织和性能的影响

通过扫描电镜观察、拉伸及低温冲击试验,研究了不同淬火工艺对含1%(质量分数)Ni的中锰钢组织和性能的影响。结果表明,随着淬火温度升高,试验钢的屈服强度和抗拉强度先增大后减小,随后再逐渐增大,低温冲击吸收能量具有相同变化趋势;中锰钢的最优调质工艺为900 ℃淬火后于600 ℃回火,其屈服强度、抗拉强度及伸长率分别能达到560 MPa、640 MPa及21.8%,-50 ℃ 冲击吸收能量达到270 J,获得了良好的综合力学性能。调质态试验钢在不同淬火温度下均获得了铁素体和回火马氏体组织,随着淬火温度升高,马氏体比例增加,晶粒尺寸逐渐减小。     

Nb-V复合非调质钢奥氏体晶粒长大行为

研究了一种新型Nb-V复合微合金非调质钢在不同加热温度和保温时间下的奥氏体晶粒长大规律,并与35MnVN非调质钢进行了对比。讨论了微合金元素Nb、V的存在形式及作用机理,并提出了该钢种较合理的加热工艺。试验结果表明,Nb-V复合微合金非调质钢在1280℃和1140℃下,其奥氏体中的Nb、V主要以NbC、VN相形式析出。利用ASTM晶粒度级别等于5.0的临界判据定义Nb-V复合非调质钢奥氏体晶粒长大温度为1150℃,比35MnVN非调质钢粗化温度提高了50℃,表明该钢种在高温加热时具有较好的抗晶粒长大能力,故其开锻前加热温度应控制在1150～1200℃,保温时间30～60min为宜。     

非调质钢的发展现状和应用进展

非调质钢具有节约能源、降低成本、性能优良、绿色环保优点,得到广泛应用。本文概述了非调质钢发展状况和应用前景,综述了非调质钢的分类、化学成分、生产工艺、力学性能和主要应用。在此基础上,探讨了提高非调质钢强韧性的途径及未来发展的方向。