磁力联轴器传递扭矩的计算及其应用

综合考虑了各种因素对磁场的影响，经磁路的等效计算确定了漏磁系数和磁阻系数，用磁路基本方程及虚位移原理导出了磁力联轴器最大扭矩和传递功率的计算公式。实验验证，理论计算值与实验值的误差小于３．５％。     

永磁磁共振成像装置主磁体设计方法研究

针对小动物磁共振成像分析仪,进行双柱型永磁小磁体的设计,要求静磁场强度为0.5 T,磁场不均匀度小于25×10-6.考虑磁路漏磁情况及磁阻现象,采用磁路设计中常用的磁路方法,进行永磁磁体结构的初始设计;利用有限元方法对初始的模型进行磁场数值分析;改变匀场环的形状和尺寸,观察空隙中磁力线的走向改变,分析匀场环的改变对成像区磁场均匀度的影响.利用Ansys有限元软件对匀场环的尺寸进行了优化计算,当匀场环内径大约为外径的1/3时,成像区不均匀度提高一个数量级.结果表明永磁磁体的磁路设计方法和有限元数值计算合理,可以满足成像要求.     

均匀磁化体在空间磁场的解式

一、引言有着极高各向异性场的稀土钴永磁体,可以看成具有均匀微观磁化强度的均匀磁化体。由于它的μ_r→1,退磁曲线直线性较好,因此磁体在空间产生的磁场,磁体间产生的吸引力和排斥力的计算问题可以按等效的表面电流壳模型来处理,同样也可用“磁荷”概念引入磁库伦定律来处理。国内外已有一些研究,结果表明计算结果和实验结果符合较好。这样稀土钴永磁的磁路设计就有可能形成一个特有的方法。过去基于安培环路定律、高斯定理,还引入了漏磁系数K_f,磁阻系数K_r和有关经验图表进行磁路设计。现在则可从两方面进行:1.应用电流壳或磁壳模型,具体对磁路采用毕奥—沙伐尔定     

伺服阀用超磁致伸缩致动器结构设计及输出位移建模

针对传统永磁偏置式超磁致伸缩致动器轴向偏置磁场均匀性较差的问题,设计了一种具有分布式永磁体偏置结构的阀用超磁致伸缩致动器;采用控制变量的方法,在限定超磁致伸缩致动器结构尺寸的条件下,通过改变超磁致伸缩棒的段数,对致动器偏置磁场进行仿真分析,并确定了最佳分布结构;基于磁阻理论、J-A模型、二次畴转模型及振动理论知识建立了阀用超磁致伸缩致动器的输出位移模型,并通过Matlab中lsim函数对致动器的阶跃响应及谐波响应进行了数值求解;为验证结构设计的合理性和模型的准确性,搭建了该致动器的试验系统,并进行了阶跃响应及谐波响应试验;结果表明:所设计的阀用超磁致伸缩致动器阶跃响应时间可达2.37 ms,在20 Hz到200 Hz的驱动频率范围内,试验结果与模型计算结果基本吻合,证明了模型的准确性。     

变频率条件下Galfenol驱动器参数辨识方法研究

利用线性压磁方程和欧拉-伯努利方程建立了基于Galfenol(Fe-Ga合金)驱动器的动力学模型,在变频率条件下,驱动磁场存在扩散效应,直接影响模型对于驱动器动态特性的预测。为解决普通梯度算法无法收敛的问题,提出了一种基于遗传算法的动力学模型参数辨识方法,无需满足持续激励条件,可对变频率条件下驱动器的压磁系数和阻尼系数进行辨识。计算结果表明,辨识算法收敛性好,经过7次迭代以后即可寻找到最优值。同时进行了对比实验,结果显示驱动频率低于220Hz时模型参数变化较小,更高驱动频率时模型参数发生较大的变化。利用该方法可以在变频率条件下准确掌握驱动器结构参数的变化,为Galfenol驱动器磁路的设计与控制提供理论指导。     

大行程磁液变形镜的线性响应特性分析

波前校正器的行程是影响其校正能力的关键因素,现有固态变形镜的变形行程较小,还不能完全满足自适应光学系统对光波畸变的校正能力要求。针对该问题,本文提出并设计一种大行程磁液变形镜系统,通过Maxwell 线圈和微小电磁驱动线圈产生的磁场来控制磁液变形镜的镜面变形,可提供高达100μm 以上的变形行程。本文首先建立了磁液变形镜线性解析模型,然后采用多物理场有限元仿真软件COMSOL对通电Maxwell线圈和微线圈产生的磁场进行仿真分析,并结合 MATLAB 数值仿真软件,对大行程磁液变形镜的响应特性进行仿真分析,最后基于制作的磁液变形镜原型样机对仿真结果进行实验验证,结果验证了镜面线性解析模型的正确性,在Maxwell线圈产生的均匀磁场中,向微电磁线圈输入微小电流即可产生100μm以上的大行程镜面变形。     

电磁流量计磁场的设计

采用分析和数值计算方法,研究了某电磁流量计磁场和磁路的设计。采用实验方法验证模型和计算的可行性。研究结果表明：在同时考虑电参数、传热、测量精度和经济性情况下,有可能对电磁流量计励磁线圈进行优化。     

分布式驱动用永磁同步电机电磁转矩的解析计算

针对分布式驱动电动汽车车身阶次振动和车内噪声的主要振源—外转子表贴式永磁同步电机6k阶（ ）转矩波动,提出了一种分布式驱动用永磁同步电机电磁转矩的解析计算方法。基于永磁同步电机磁场畸变,对永磁磁极在均匀气隙中的径向分量进行了傅里叶级数分解,通过磁链、电压的计算,最终得到电磁转矩的解析解,为永磁同步电机的阶次振动与振源识别提供了理论基础。当不考虑电流谐波的影响时,对电磁转矩做了阶次分析,论证了由永磁体磁场谐波引起的电磁转矩波动频率是电源频率的6k倍频。最后,通过有限元计算验证了该解析计算结果。     

低频电磁振动台非均匀气隙磁场优化设计

针对大行程低频电磁振动台气隙磁感应强度参数非线性导致振动激励信号产生失真的问题,在电磁振动台机电耦合模型分析基础上,采用电路等效原理建立大行程磁路简化数学模型,并基于Ansys Maxwell软件对气隙磁感应强度的非均匀分布特性进行仿真分析。基于连续混合整数非线性规划算法,分别仿真分析不同内磁轭母线轮廓及端面结构非线性参数对应的气隙磁感应强度分布特性,得到具有最小不均匀度的变气隙及变截面磁路最优解。仿真结果表明:变气隙和变截面结构分别将优化前25.95%的不均匀度降低到7.09%和2.70%,变截面结构具有更好的优化效果。设计的优化磁路结构可有效改善大行程低频电磁振动台气隙磁感应强度的非线性,降低输出振动信号的失真度,提高低频振动校准精度。     

室温磁制冷高场强永磁磁路

在中空圆柱型磁场源(hollow cylindrical flux source)的基础上,设计并制作出用于室温磁制冷机(往复式和旋转式)的高场强永磁磁路,在磁路工作气隙为20mm时,工作气隙中心的场强的计算值及实测值均高于1.5T.     

Analytic model for a nonlaminated cylindrical magnetic actuator including eddy currents

The eddy currents induced within a nonlaminated cylindrical magnetic actuator by a changing field have a fundamental influence on the actuator's performance. Understanding of these dynamics is essential in designing high-performance actuators and developing control algorithms for them. This paper presents an analytical approach to modeling the relationship between applied magnetomotive force and mechanical force. The approach is based on dividing the actuator into elements according to the flux distribution inside the actuator and finding the frequency-dependent reluctance of the flux paths of each element. An analytic model and its half-order simplification are derived, both of which are explicitly dependent on actuator material and geometric properties. Performance predictions from both analytic models are compared with finite-element analysis, demonstrating the accuracy of the models.     

Actuator gains for a toothless permanent-magnet self-bearing motor

Permanent-magnet self-bearing motors provide independent bearing and motoring functionality in a single magnetic actuator. Typically, self-bearing motor designs use toothed stators to provide minimum reluctance flux paths that create the magnetic bearing forces necessary to support the rotor. These toothed designs can have significant cogging torque, rendering them ineffective for smooth torque applications such as those found in aerospace. A toothless permanent-magnet self-bearing motor can provide smooth torque production and adequate bearing force for low-gravity environments. Characterization of the open-loop gains for this actuator is necessary for linear controller development. In this paper simple algebraic equations are derived for the motoring and bearing current gains, and an analytical method is presented for computing the negative stiffness. The analytical method solves the Dirichlet boundary value problem (BVP) in the eccentric annulus for the magnetomotive force (MMF) in the air gap subject to harmonic boundary conditions. A conformal transformation to bipolar coordinates is used, yielding a BVP that is solvable by separation of variables. Expressions for the flux density, Maxwell force on the rotor, and the negative stiffness in terms of the MMF are presented. A sample problem is presented that illustrates the flux distribution in the air gap and the operating principals of this actuator type     

Analytical Solution of Air-Gap Field in Permanent-Magnet Motors Taking Into Account the Effect of Pole Transition Over Slots

We present an analytical method to study magnetic fields in permanent-magnet brushless motors, taking into consideration the effect of stator slotting. Our attention concentrates particularly on the instantaneous field distribution in the slot regions where the magnet pole transition passes over the slot opening. The accuracy in the flux density vector distribution in such regions plays a critical role in the prediction of the magnetic forces, i.e., the cogging torque and unbalanced magnetic pull. However, the currently available analytical solutions for calculating air-gap fields in permanent magnet motors can estimate only the distribution of the flux density component in the radial direction. Magnetic field and forces computed by the new analytical method agree well with those obtained by the finite-element method. The analytical method provides a useful tool for design and optimization of permanent-magnet motors.     

多阶段活塞式磁流变阻尼器的电磁线圈研究

分析磁流变阻尼器采用多阶段活塞式结构的优点,系统地研究磁流变阻尼器的电磁线圈特性。基于有限元软件构建磁流变阻尼器的仿真模型,分析得出在并联的电磁线圈中通入方向相反的电流,可以最大程度地提高磁路利用率。调整磁路中有效长度的分布和改变活塞齿槽断面为梯形结构,可以改善磁通的分布,确保整个阻尼通道内部的磁感应强度分布的均匀性。     

The fluxguide--A magnetic circuit component for developing uniform magnetic fields

The fluxguide is a uniformly magnetized magnetic shell surrounding the air gap between the pole pieces of a magnetic circuit. The uniform magnetization is obtained by varying the thickness of the shell to provide compensation for flux leakage from the outer surface of the shell. Under this condition we have ideally a uniform magnet field within the shell. Experimentally, addition of a fluxguide to a traveling-wave tube magnet improved the uniformity of the magnetic field by a factor of over 300.     

小型磁偏转质谱计磁场的分析计算

磁偏转质谱计是根据离子在磁分析器中运动时,不同质荷比的离子有不同的偏转半径原理来实现质量分离的。磁场大小和分布对质谱计的性能影响较大,因而设计时需要对质谱计磁场分布进行精确计算。应用有限元法建立了计算质谱计磁分析器磁场的物理模型,并利用这一模型计算了磁分析器磁感应强度在空间的分布情况。结果表明,在半径分别为20 mm和50 mm的1/4圆弧轨道上,其磁场分布规律类似。由于边缘磁场效应,在磁铁边界区域约3 mm范围内,磁感应强度基本呈直线下降,这一结果为磁分析器的结构优化和边缘场补偿提供了理论依据。     

Permanent magnet applications

The main uses of permanent magnets are covered either by the range of cast and magnetically treated alnico alloys or by the several grades of sintered barium/strontium hexaferrite, but minority materials have their special applications and continue to develop. Three different technical classes of permanent magnet applications can be distinguished. Firstly, magnets working in a magnetic circuit of static reluctance, e.g., speakers, moving-coil measuring instruments, microwave devices, separators, etc. Secondly, those working in a varying self-demagnetizing field due to change of circuit reluctance, such as clamping and holding magnets which range from planning-board indicators to large chucks for machine-tools. Thirdly, magnets which work in both a self-demagnetizing field and a varying externally produced field, as in motors, generators, the several types of magnetic couplings, and magnetic suspensions. For each of these three classes the basic design principles are indicated and typical applications are described. Additionally, there are uses for high-hysteresis permanent magnet materials without premagnetization, as in hysteresis motors.     

Fast Analytical Determination of Aligned and Unaligned Flux Linkage in Switched Reluctance Motors Based on a Magnetic Circuit Model

The main advantages of the switched reluctance motor are high torque, wide speed range, simple structure and fault tolerance. Because a switched reluctance motor has inherently nonlinear magnetic characteristics and a doubly salient pole structure, a finite-element analysis approach (FEA) is often adopted to obtain accurate magnetic representation. However, the solution time can be large for a FEA simulation if the mesh is detailed and/or many simulations are required. We propose a rapid analytical solution for determining the aligned and unaligned flux linkage using a magnetic circuit model. We present a simple method for obtaining the air-gap permeance for unaligned linkage. The results of our method agree well with FEA solutions.