Physico-Chemical Investigation of Component Interactions of the Si ― Al ― O ― N ― Ti System in the Region Si3N4 ― AlN ― Al2O3 ― SiO2 ― TiN ― TiO2. Part 1. Subsystems Si3N4 ― Al2O3, Si3N4 ― TiN,and Al2O3 ― TiN

Using the methods of differential thermal and x-ray diffraction analysis an investigation was made of component reactions in the Si Al O N Ti system, particularly between the compounds Si ₃N₄ Al₂O₃, Si₃N₄ TiN, and Al₂O TiN under conditions approximating those used in the hot pressing of composites. It was established that in the reaction of Si₃N₄ with Al₂O₃, -sialon, SiO₂, AlN, and the intermediate reaction products (mullite and X-phase) are formed. In the reaction of Si₃N₄ with TiN, as a result of the decomposition of Si₃N₄ at 1650-1900°C titanium disilicide is produced, which forms eutectics with free silicon and residual TiN at 1320 and 1280°C, respectively. The reaction of Al₂O₃ with TiN similarly leads to the formation of a eutectic between Al₂O₃ and spinel at 1850°C. The presence of eutectic liquids in the specimens after sintering promotes densification of the material, and improves certain of its mechanical properties.     

Study of Phase Formation Processes in the Systems Li ― N,Si3N4 ― Li3N,Si3N4 ― Li3N ― Y2O3

We have studied phase formation processes in the systems Li N and Si₃N₄ Li₃N. By nitriding lithium powder at temperatures of 400-600°C, we obtained lithium nitride Li₃N with a composition approaching stoichiometric. In the system Si₃N₄ Li₃N in the temperature range 300-1300°C, the ternary compounds Li₈SiN₄ (500°C), Li₅SiN₃, Li₂SiN₂ (900°C), and LiSi₂N₃ (1300°C) are formed. The studied properties of the hot-pressed composite material of the system Si₃N₄ Li₃N Y₂O₃ allow us to provisionally assign it to the class of solid electrolytes.     

Effect of Y2O3, CeO2 on Sintering Properties of Si3N4 Ceramics

The effect of rare earth oxides Y203 or Ce02 on sintering properties of Si3N4 ceramics was studied and the mechanism of assisting action during sintering was analyzed. The results in dicate that the best sintering properties appear in Si3N4 ceramics with 5% Y203 or 8% CeO2. Secondary crystallites are formed at grain boundaries after heat treatment,which decreases the amount of glass phase and contributes to the improvement of high-temperature mechanical properties of silicon nitride.     

氮化硅（Si3N4＋5Y2O3＋2Al2O3）在热压过程中的α—β相变

在氮化硅陶瓷中α-Si_3N_4、β-Si_3N_4的相含量,对氮化硅陶瓷的性能有直接的影响。本文用X射线定量相分析的方法,测试了热压Si_3N_4+5％Y_2O_3+2％A1_2O_3的α/β相变的相分数。研究了热压温度及时间对该成分Si_3N_4的α/β相变的影响。结果表明,α/β相变强烈依赖于温度。用本试验原料(β相含量11.0％),在升温速度45℃/min,压力41.1MPa的条件下,在1450℃×10min,13相达14.7％;在1650℃×10min,β相达41.9％;在1750℃×10min,β相达95.2％;从1650℃开始,α/β相变显著。热压时间对α→β相变的影响随温度的变化而不同:在1450～1550℃,热压时间延长,β相含量逐渐增加;在1550～1650℃,热压时间延长,β相含量增加显著;在1650～1750℃,随温度升高,热压时间对α/β相变的影响逐渐减小。用膨胀仪测得Si_3N_4陶瓷液相生成温度为1410℃。用扫描电镜观察了在1650℃时的α-β相变,由等轴状α转变为斜方β晶粒。     

Some Characteristic Features of Formation of Ceramics Based on Composite Powders SiC ― Si3N4 ― Si2N2O

We have studied the characteristic features of synthesis of composite powders SiC Si₃N₄ Si₂N₂O. We have investigated processes involving hot pressing of these powders without activating additives and a protective atmosphere. We consider the mechanical properties of ceramics obtained on the basis of these composite powders.     

Friction properties of composites of the system TiN−AlN. I. Effect of structure and phase composition of friction and wear of materials of the system TiN−AlN

The tribological properties of ceramic composites of the system TiN?AlN are studied in the concentration range 10–90% AlN. It was found that materials which contain 25, 50, and 75% AlN have a low friction coefficient. Their rate of wear when paired with steel is neglible—2.9–6.0 μm/km (the wear rate of a steel-steel 024 couple is 1000 μm/km). Thin oxide films are formed during friction at high velocities and pressures. These films have relatively high adhesion with respect to materials of the TiN?AlN system and relatively low adhesion with respect to steel. The films may act as a solid lubricant, thus reducing the friction coefficient and wear. This is particularly true of the materials 25% TiN?75% AlN and 50% TiN?50% AlN.     

Formation of a Corrosion-Resistant Layer on Steel by Reaction with a Si3N 4 ― Al2O3 Composite under the Conditions of Light-Thermal Treatment

The formation of a surface layer on low-alloyed steel during light-thermal treatment with a composite material based on Si₃N₄ Al₂O₃ was investigated. The working surfaces were studied using metallographic, x-ray diffraction, and electron-probe microanalysis. It was found that the corrosion-resistant phases Al₂SiO₅, (Fe, Cr)₂O₃, (Cr, Al) ₂O₃, and NiCrO₄ formed in the alloyed layer, increasing its microhardness by 2-5 times and its corrosion resistance in sea water by more than two orders of magnitude.     

Wear-Resistant TiN–20 wt.% Si3N4 and TiN–20 wt.% TiB2 Composites Produced by Microwave Sintering

Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics - Comprehensive research on microwave sintering of the TiN–20 wt.% TiB2 and TiN–20 wt.% Si3N4 composites was conducted. At a constant microwave...     

原位制备细晶Si3N4-Si2N2O复相陶瓷

以Y2O3和Al2O3纳米陶瓷粉体作为烧结助剂，液相烧结非晶纳米Si3N4陶瓷粉体，制备Si3N4-Si2N2O复相陶瓷。Si2N2O相通过原位反应2Si3N4(s) 1．5O2(g)：3S12N2O(s) N2(g)生成。160012烧结，烧结体保温30min，Si2N2O体积分数达到52％，基本由细小均匀的球形晶粒构成。平均粒径尺寸210nm，相变过程中，个别颗粒异常长大，长径比达到1．5。保温时间对孔隙、密度和粒径产生重要影响：随着保温时间的延长，孔隙逐渐收缩减小，烧结体的致密度逐渐提高，晶粒逐渐长大，保温60min，孔隙几乎完全闭合，相对密度达到99．1％，平均粒径280nm。当保温时间达到90min时，相对密度增加并不明显，但平均粒径长大到360nm。     

Solidus surface of the equilibrium diagram of the HfO2—Y2O3—La2O3 system

The phase equilibria on the solidus surface of the phase diagram of the HfO ₂−Y₂O₃−La₂O₃ system have been investigated using DTA in helium up to 2500°C, TA with solar energy in air up to 3000°C, X-ray phase analysis, petrography, and electron microscopy. Five solid solution fields based on hexagonal (H) and cubic (C) crystal modifications of Y₂O₃, cubic modifications of HfO₂ with fluorite structure (F), high-temperature cubic modifications of La₂O₃ (X), and crystallization field of the ordered phase La₂Hf₂O₇ with the pyrochlorine (Py) type structure have been found on the solidus surface. The ternary system has three quaternary novariant equilibria of the eutectic (1) and peritectic (2) type. Institute for Problems of Materials Science, Ukraine National Academy of Sciences, Kiev. Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, Nos. 5–6(407), pp. 56–65, May–June, 1999.     

氮化硅新型耐火材料中游离Si,Si3N4,SiO2,SiC的测定

测定Si_3N_4时,用NaOH熔融试样,硼酸吸收,硫酸标准溶液滴定。游离硅的测定用氟硅酸钾法。采用HF(HNO_3存在下)冷溶的方法测定(Si SiO_2)。碳化硅的含量用100%—(Si游% Si_3N_4% SiO_2)而得。     

Tribological Properties of ZrN–Si3N4–TiN Composites Consolidated by Spark Plasma Sintering

Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics - The production of ZrN–Si3N4 and ZrN–Si3N4–TiN composites by spark plasma sintering and the mechanical and tribological properties of the...     

CaO—SiO2—Na2O—CaF2—Al2O3—MgO保护渣系的Al2O3吸收速率和粘度

采用CaO-SiO2-Na2O-CaF2-Al2O3-MgO渣系,通过测定熔渣的粘度和Al2O3吸收速率,研究连铸保护渣的Al2O3吸收速率与粘度及化学成分之间的关系。在一定条件下,当CaO/SiO2为1.2左右时,粘度达到最小值,Al2O3吸收速率达到最大值,分别为0.10?Pa*s、8.403×10-4?kg*m-2*s-1。随着渣中Na2CO3含量、CaF2含量和MgO含量的增加,粘度减小,Al2O3吸收速率增大。随着渣中Al2O3含量的增加,粘度增大,Al2O3吸收速率减小。粘度为Al2O3吸收速率的主要控制因素。随着熔渣粘度的增加,连铸保护渣的Al2O3吸收速率逐渐减小。     

Dissolution rate of Al2O3 into molten CaO–Al2O3–CaF2 flux

Abstract

Dissolution of Al₂O₃ into molten CaO–Al₂O₃–CaF₂, a base system of mould flux for continuous casting of high Al steel, has been investigated by employing a rotating cylinder method. The dissolution rate of an alumina rod into molten CaO–Al₂O₃–CaF₂ flux increased with increase in rotating speed and temperature. The apparent activation energy for mass transport of flux C was calculated to be 255·6 kJ mol^?1. The rate controlling step during the dissolution process of the alumina rod into molten CaO–Al₂O₃–CaF₂ flux was found to be the diffusion of the solute in the flux boundary layer. The dissolution rate of alumina into molten CaO–Al₂O₃–CaF₂ flux increased with increasing CaO/Al₂O₃, and it may be caused by the increase in thermodynamic driving force and the decrease in the viscosity of the flux. When the Al₂O₃ rod was immersed into molten flux, an intermediate compound of CaO.2Al₂O₃ formed firstly and then dissolved into molten flux.     

Effect of K2O on Phase Relation and Viscosity of the CaO–SiO2—ZnO—FeO–Al2O3 System Slags

Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals - The effect of K2O on phase relation and viscosity of the CaO–SiO2–25 wt % “FeO”–12 wt % ZnO–3 wt % Al2O3 slags...     

Effects of Y2O3 on Thermal Shock of Al2O3／TiCN Composites

Advancedstructuralceramics ,suchasoxides ,nitridesandcarbides ,havebecomepreferredrefracto rymaterialsforaviation ,spaceflight ,energyandmet allurgybecauseoftheirchemicalstability ,creepresis tanceandhightemperaturestrength .Buttheyareaf fectedgreatlybyte…     

Oxidation of Al2O3-30%TiCN-0.2%Y2O3 Composite

Thecuttingtoolmaterialshavegoodoxidationre sistance ,buttheyareoxidizedathightemperature(about 10 0 0℃ )duringoperation .Themechanicalpropertyofthecuttingtoolmaterialswillbechange d[1,2 ] .Therefore ,researchonoxidationbehaviorofcuttingtoolsmaterialsathi…     

Na3AlF6—Al2O3—Y2O3—MgF2熔盐体系表面张力的研究

采用气泡最大压力法,并按三因子二次回归正交设计法按排试验,测定了2.7NaF·A1F_3-A12O_3-Y_2O_8-MgF_25%wt熔盐体系的表面张力,研究了A1_2O_3,Y_2O_8及温度对体系表面张力的影响,得到了适宜的表面张力回归方程。