溅射NiCrAlY涂层氧化过程Al2O3膜结构与形貌的转变

对溅射NiCrAlY涂层进行了900℃，1000℃，1100℃空 气中高温氧化。实验表明，氧化初期生成快速长大的亚稳态θ-Al2O3相，随着氧化时间 延长，θ-Al2O3逐渐转变成α-Al2O3，氧化动力学抛物线常数kp也随之下降 。θ→α-Al2O3相变速度与温度有关，温度越高，相变越快。对涂层进行真空热处理可 促进θ→α-Al2O3转变，使涂层表面快速形成保护性能优异的α-Al2O3。     

三种铝硅涂层的抗氧化性能研究

用无机盐料浆法在K4104镍基高温合金表面制备了渗Al-Si涂层.改变粘结剂中铬酣(CrO3)的添加量得到了三种不同成分的Al-Si涂层.对三种Al-Si涂层进行1000℃×200h高温氧化性能试验,用扫描电镜(带能谱分析)对试样截面进行形貌观察及成分分析,并用Origin软件绘制氧化动力学曲线.研究结果表明,1000℃×200h氧化过程中三种Al-Ai涂层均生成了连续致密的Al2O3氧化膜;涂层外层由不稳定的β-NiAl相(富Al)向稳定的β-NiAl相(富Ni)转变;三种Al-Si涂层均具有良好的抗高温氧化性;添加少量CrO3得到的Al-Si涂层内层形成了连续的富Si"隔层",该"隔层"有利于阻碍合金元素与Al元素的互扩散,从而降低涂层中Al元素的退化速度.     

两种IC-6高温合金防护涂层的氧化行为

研究了IC-6高温合金及其防护性涂层NiCrAlY和NiCoCrAlY涂层在900～1100℃时的氧化.结果表明沉积NiCrAlY和NiCoCrAlY涂层后大大改善了IC-6合金的抗氧化性.在1000和1100℃时,NiCrAlY涂层的抗氧化性优于NiCoCrAlY涂层.900℃时,NiCrAlY涂层氧化膜主要是α-Al2O3,同时还含有少量的Cr2O3;而NiCOCrAlY涂层氧化膜为单一的α-Al2O3,但由于NiCoCrAlY涂层表面氧化膜不致密,降低了涂层的抗氧化性.1000℃氧化时,NiCrAlY涂层和NiCoCrAlY涂层的氧化膜主要由α-Al2O3和Cr2O3构成.     

K4104高温合金AlSi涂层1000℃氧化性能研究

采用带能谱分析的扫描电镜分析了AlSi扩散涂层在1000℃、不同氧化时间条件下的表面形貌、截面组织及成分变化；用增重法记录重量变化，绘制了氧化动力学曲线，对其氧化性能进行了研究.结果表明，AlSi涂层由于Si的加入，促进了θ-Al2O3向α-Al2O3转变，有利于在涂层表面形成致密氧化膜，并且能促进在氧化皮下形成碳化物隔层，抑制涂层元素与基体元素的互扩散，从而使 AlSi涂层的抗氧化性能优于单一Al涂层.     

电弧离子镀NiCoCrAlY涂层的组织结构及初期氧化

采用XRD，SEM，TEM和光激发荧光谱等技术对电弧离子镀制备的NiCoCrAlY涂层的组织结构和初期氧化的机理进行了研究．结果表明，电弧离子镀方法沉积的NiCoCrAlY涂层具有纳米晶体结构，呈明显的层状生长．真空退火后涂层内的层状结构消失，涂层组织更致密，晶粒明显长大，有孪晶出现．涂层在真空退火后表面已经生成一层很薄的以α-Al2O3为主的氧化膜，在高温氧化过程中，涂层表面的亚稳态氧化物θ-Al2O3先增多，然后逐渐转变为稳态的α-Al2O3，并对其相关机理进行了探讨．     

低压等离子喷涂NiCoCrAlYTa涂层的氧化动力学

采用低压等离子喷涂技术在镍基单晶高温合金上制备NiCoCrAlYTa涂层,研究涂层在900、1000和1100℃下恒温氧化200h的氧化动力学规律。通过表面XRD和SEM分析,初步探讨了氧化动力学规律与氧化产物的关系。结果表明：900℃时NiCoCrAlYTa涂层的氧化曲线符合对数规律,氧化产物主要为θ-Al2O3相;1000℃时NiCoCrAlYTa涂层的氧化曲线符合抛物线规律,氧化产物主要是θ-Al2O3和α-Al2O3相的混合物;1100℃时NiCoCrAlYTa涂层的氧化符合立方规律,氧化产物主要是α-Al2O3相。根据实验结果经计算得到NiCoCrAlYTa涂层氧化过程中θ-Al2O3的形成激活能为151．78kJ／mol,α—Al2O3的形成激活能为270．25kJ／mol。     

Pd-Ni-Al涂层的高温短期氧化行为

在M38镍基高温合金上电镀Pd-20 mass%Ni合金，采用低压固体粉末包埋渗铝方法制备钯改性铝化物涂层，XRD分析表明，涂层主要由β-(Ni,Pd)Al相组成.利用TGA、SEM等方法，研究了涂层在800℃、900℃和1100℃的高温氧化行为表明，β-(Ni,Pd)Al涂层恒温氧化动力学遵循抛物线规律；1000℃氧化动力学则不遵循抛物线规律.在800℃和900℃下，β-(Ni,Pd)Al 涂层表面氧化产物包括α-Al2O3、θ-Al2O3和少量的γ-Al2O3；在1000℃下，涂层表面存在α-Al2O3和θ-Al2O3两种氧化物；在1100℃下，涂层表面氧化产物主要是α-Al2O3.此外，在各温度下涂层表面的氧化产物中都含有少量的TiO2，随着温度升高，其含量增加.     

K4104合金渗Al-Si涂层抗高温氧化性能研究

采用无机盐料浆法,在K4104镍基高温合金表面制备Al-Si涂层通过改变粘结剂中CrO3的含量得到两种不同成分的Al-Si涂层.依据HB5258-2000标准,对制备了Al-Si涂层的K4104镍基高温合金进行了高温氧化性能试验.绘制了氧化动力学曲线,用带能谱分析的扫描电镜观察了涂层的表面氧化形貌和横截面组织形貌.结果表明,K4104镍基高温合金表面的Al-Si涂层在高温氧化过程中已转变成完整致密的α-Al2O3氧化层和β-NiAl相化合物层,且与基体合金的粘附性良好,说明Al-Si涂层具有优良的抗高温氧化性能.     

Effect Of Silver Addition On Surface Morphology Of Al2O3 Scales During Oxidation Of β-NiAl

利用TGA,SEM/EDS研究了Ag含量对β-NiAl合金高温氧化时生成Al2O3膜表面形貌的影响及添加1%Ag(原子分数)对1000℃氧化动力学的影响.结果表明,β-NiAl合金的氧化动力学由两段抛物线组成,分别受亚稳Al2O3和稳态α-Al2O3的生长控制.NiAl-1Ag合金的氧化动力学由三段抛物线组成,分别受γ-Al2O3,θ-Al2O3和α-Al2O3的生长控制.1000℃时,向β-NiAl中添加少量的Ag(＜1%)可以促进亚稳Al2O3向稳态α-Al2O3的转变.当添加量超过5%时,促进作用不明显.1100℃时,添加0.5%Ag对Al2O3的相变无明显的促进作用.     

冷喷涂纳米结构NiCrAlY涂层在氩气气氛中的氧化行为

采用冷喷涂方法在镍基高温合金基体(Incone1738)上沉积纳米结构NiCrAIY涂层,通过扫描电镜与能谱分析、X射线衍射,研究了在Ar气氛下热处理温度对氧化膜组织结构及成分的影响.结果表明,在Ar气氛下,经900℃处理后,涂层表面局部生成针状θ～Al2O3.在1000℃以上热处理后,涂层表面生成的球状的α-Al2O3,氧化膜均匀连续覆盖在涂层表面,但局部较厚的氧化膜呈现双层结构,外层为Cr2O3或尖晶石氧化物,内层为α-Al2O3且连续均匀.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.