非加氢脱硫技术研究与应用进展

综述了吸附脱硫、氧化脱硫、沉淀脱硫、生物脱硫、烷基化脱硫等几种非加氢脱硫技术的研究进展,特别是烷基化脱硫技术在FCC汽油中的脱硫机理与应用情况,指出非加氢脱硫技术,尤其是烷基化脱硫技术和生物脱硫技术具有较好的应用前景.     

离子液体在燃料油脱硫中的研究进展

在简单对比了催化加氢和非催化加氢技术在燃料油脱硫方面应用的基础上,分析了非催化加氢技术的研究状况,论述了几种离子液体在直接萃取、氧化脱硫和烷基化脱硫等非催化加氢中的研究进展,并对几种离子液体的脱硫效果做了一定量的汇总。针对氧化脱硫过程中双氧水消耗量多、成本高等问题,对功能化离子液体在氧气氧化脱硫过程中的应用做了介绍,并对其今后的研究方向和内容做了展望。     

轻质油品非加氢脱硫新工艺简介

随着环保法要求越来越苛刻，世界范围内对车用发动机燃料的硫含量要求日益严格。本文综述了近年来非加氢脱硫的新技术，包括生物脱硫、氧化脱硫、吸附脱硫、催化法和烷基化法脱硫。     

汽油深度脱硫技术进展

催化裂化汽油具有高硫含量、高烯烃含量的特点。本文综述了选择性加氢脱硫技术、催化裂化反应脱硫添加剂、吸附脱硫技术、氧化脱硫技术、烷基化脱硫技术、离子液体脱硫技术、溶剂抽提脱硫技术。选择性加氢、催化裂化、吸附脱硫和氧化脱硫技术均已比较成熟,烷基化脱硫、离子液体脱硫、溶剂抽提脱硫技术很有发展前景。     

汽柴油深度脱硫的技术研究进展

结合汽油柴油中含硫化合物的存在形式和结构特点,说明了催化加氢脱硫的局限性。对几种汽柴油深度脱硫方法如吸附法、溶剂萃取法、化学氧化法、烷基化脱硫法等进行了综述和讨论,并提出了一些深度脱硫的技术策略。     

我国石油产品非加氢脱硫技术研究进展

综述了脱除石油产品中硫的重要性,主要的脱硫的手段,加氢脱硫的一些缺点和非加氢脱硫的一些优势。重点综述了石油产品的非加氢脱硫方法,包括:烷基化脱硫、生物脱硫、氧化脱硫、吸附脱硫、膜分离脱硫、萃取脱硫的原理及其这些技术在我国的最新研究状况,并对我国未来的非加氢脱硫技术进行了展望。     

FCC汽油非临氢脱硫技术进展

综述了国内外开发和应用的FCC汽油非临氢脱硫技术,该技术主要有生物脱硫、催化裂化脱硫、吸附脱硫、溶剂抽提脱硫、烷基化脱硫、氧化脱硫和膜分离脱硫等;评述了催化裂化脱硫、吸附脱硫和氧化脱硫等技术的特点和研究应用前景。     

轻质燃料油脱硫技术研究进展

燃料油中的含硫化合物在燃烧过程中会造成空气污染,形成酸雨。因此,为了改善油品的性能和满足越来越严格的环境保护规格,目前各国都在加紧研究生产清洁燃料的技术对策。本文介绍了清洁燃料的脱硫方法,包括传统的加氢脱硫和非加氢脱硫,如氧化脱硫、吸附脱硫、生物催化脱硫、光催化氧化脱硫、超声波脱硫、配合萃取脱硫、水蒸气催化脱硫等工艺及其研究进展。     

非加氢脱硫技术研究进展及其在原油预脱硫中的应用展望

综述了目前轻质油品非加氢脱硫以及原油预脱硫的相关技术,关于轻质油品非加氢脱硫技术详细叙述了氧化脱硫、吸附脱硫和溶剂萃取脱硫等技术的研究进展,简要介绍了络合脱硫、膜分离脱硫等技术,阐述了各非加氢脱硫技术的特点及脱硫效果;针对原油预脱硫技术,主要介绍了物理法原油预脱硫、超声-氧化法原油预脱硫、电化学法原油预脱硫以及微生物法原油预脱硫等技术的研究进展,指出应用能耗低、操作条件温和、脱硫效果好的非加氢脱硫手段是未来的发展趋势,同时指出综合应用非加氢脱硫技术对原油进行预脱硫处理将是未来重要的研究方向。     

非加氢技术用于脱除液体碳氢化合物硫分的研究进展

同催化加氢脱硫技术相比,非加氢脱硫技术是在常压和较低的温度下进行操作的,具有投资小、操作安全和成本较低等优势,进而越来越受到国内外研究者的高度重视。针对国内外目前开展的液体碳氢化合物采用的非加氢脱硫技术的特点,本文重点对酸碱精制、吸附法、催化法、萃取法、氧化法、微生物法、辐射法和离子液体法等非加氢脱硫技术的原理和工艺进行了分析比较,指出了每种脱硫技术存在的优缺点,并对今后脱硫技术的发展提供指导。最后认为脱硫工艺的发展前景为现有各脱硫工艺的联合使用。     

Science and technology of novel processes for deep desulfurization of oil refinery streams: a review

Oil refinery related catalysis, particularly hydrodesulfurization (HDS) processes, is viewed as a mature technology and it is often stated that break-throughs are not to be expected. Although this could be a justified compliment to those who developed this area, at the same time it could also stifle potential new ideas.The applicability and perspectives of various desulfurization technologies are evaluated taking into account the requirements of the produced fuels. The progress achieved during recent years in catalysis-based HDS technologies (synthesis of improved catalysts, advanced reactor design, combination of distillation and HDS) and in ‘non-HDS’ processes of sulfur removal (alkylation, extraction, precipitation, oxidation, and adsorption) is illustrated through a number of examples.The discussed technologies of sulfur removal from the refinery streams lead to a wealth of research topics. Only an integrated approach (catalyst selection, reactor design, process configuration) will lead to novel, efficient desulfurization processes producing fuels with zero sulfur emissions.     

燃料油加氢深度脱硫催化剂及工艺技术进展

分析了燃料油中硫化物的形态及加氢脱硫反应机理；介绍了国内外加氢深度脱硫催化剂的研究现状；评述了现有加氢深度脱硫反应工艺及反应器技术。     

催化裂化汽油加氢脱硫技术进展

介绍了FCC汽油中的主要含硫化合物及其加氢脱硫反应历程。通过对当前国内、外的主要加氢脱硫技术进行总结,提出了针对当前我国FCC汽油加氢改质所面临问题的解决方案。     

Hydrodesulfurization on MoS2/MgO

A series of Mo/MgO catalysts with loadings ranging from 2–12 wt% Mo were studied by oxygen chemisorption, X-ray diffraction and activity for thiophene hydrodesulfurization (HDS) reaction. The results obtained from the above measurements are compared with those on Mo/--Al₂O₃. These results indicated that molybdenum is better dispersed on MgO. Hydrodesulfurization activity per g. Mo is found to be higher in the case of Mo/MgO. The higher activities are attributed to the increase in dispersion of Mo on MgO. A linear correlation is obtained between oxygen chemisorption and HDS activity. The parallelism between HDS and oxygen chemisorption is explained.     

Effect of sintering on the catalytic functionalities of MOS2/Al2O3 catalysts

Effect of sintering on physico-chemical and catalytic properties of Mo, Co-Mo, Ni-Mosupported on -Al₂O₃ is reported. Such effects on hydrodesulfurization (HDS), hydrogenation (HYD) and hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) are investigated as a function of sintering temperature. The results indicated that HDS and HYD have different optimum calcination temperatures and these functionalities originate from different sites. The results are discussed in the light of molybdenum sulfide dispersion, promotional effects and phase transformations of active component, promoters and support.     

Development of microwave induced hydrodesulfurization of petroleum streams: A review

This paper provides a general overview of microwave applications in hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of various petroleum streams. Deep desulfurization is required for petroleum streams due to stringent sulfur specifications to meet environmental norms. The progress achieved during recent years in catalyst-based HDS technologies is illustrated by using microwaves due to its unique selective and volumetric heating capacity. Based on literature reports, it may be concluded that microwave assisted desulfurization of petroleum streams can be successfully performed under less severe conditions, with significant advantages. This is expected to result in savings in utilities, catalyst consumption, eventually leading to increased fuel yields.     

催化蒸馏技术在馏分油加氢中的应用

综述了催化蒸馏技术在石油加氢领域的应用和发展现状，包括反应器结构、催化剂装填技术及工艺技术等。对埃克森公司、IFP和CDTECH的汽、柴油催化加氢脱硫、原油直接加氢蒸馏和馏分油加氢蒸馏等技术作了重点介绍。     

加氢脱硫催化过程的动力学研究进展

简述了加氢脱硫催化剂的发展历程,介绍了加氢脱硫的反应机理,并在此基础上讨论了抑制剂对加氢脱硫反应动力学的影响。对国内外各种加氢脱硫反应的动力学模型进行了综述,并指出了这些模型存在的不足,以及加氢脱硫动力学的研究方向和面临的挑战。     

Metal recovery and rejuvenation of metal-loaded spent catalysts

Metal recovery and/or rejuvenation technologies of the spent catalysts resulting from various sources are reviewed. The fluid cracking catalyst (FCC), resid fluid cracking catalyst (RFCC), hydrodesulfurization (HDS) catalyst, supported and unsupported precious metal containing catalysts, i.e., reforming catalyst, auto catalyst and other catalysts from a variety of industrial processes are targeted. The precious metal recovery technologies such as the processes using aqua regia, chlorination, segregation and Rose (metallurgical) method are discussed in detail. A series of the FCC demetalation/regeneration processes such as Met-X, Demet, Demet II, Demet III and Demet IV is also described from the view point of the developmental history. Two physical processes using the high gradient magnetic and density grading separator are also reviewed.     

Catalyst particle shapes and pore structure engineering for hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation reactions

Catalyst particle shapes and pore structure engineering are crucial for alleviating internal diffusion limitations in the hydrodesulfurization (HDS)/hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) of gas oil. The effects of catalyst particle shapes (sphere, cylinder, trilobe, and tetralobe) and pore structures (pore diameter and porosity) on HDS/HDN performance at the particle scale are investigated via mathematical modeling. The relationship between particle shape and effectiveness factor is first established, and the specific surface areas of different catalyst particles show a positive correlation with the average HDS/HDN reaction rates. The catalyst particle shapes primarily alter the average HDS/HDN reaction rate to adjust the HDS/HDN effectiveness factor. An optimal average HDS/HDN reaction rate exists as the catalyst pore diameter and porosity increase, and this optimum value indicates a tradeoff between diffusion and reaction. In contrast to catalyst particle shapes, the catalyst pore diameter and the porosity of catalyst particles primarily alter the surface HDS/HDN reaction rate to adjust the HDS/HDN effectiveness factor. This study provides insights into the engineering of catalyst particle shapes and pore structures for improving HDS/HDN catalyst particle efficiency.