南宁太阳能光伏发电开发及规划研究

介绍南宁市太阳能资源情况,以及在太阳能光伏发电方面的利用现状及存在的问题。通过分析,提出在"十三五"期间,南宁市建设集中式光伏发电项目、分布式光伏发电项目以及扶贫光伏发电项目的规划目标。最后,从节能减排和社会效益方面对规划的光伏发电项目进行了分析和测算。     

福建省分布式光伏发电工程经济效益研究

以福建省太阳能资源现状为切入点,通过建立经济效益模型测算福建省主要地区分布式光伏发电工程的经济效益,研究福建省分布式光伏发电工程投资开发价值分布空间,为投资者决策提供参考。     

中国光伏发电平价上网分析

随着光伏电站投资成本与度电成本的不断下降,光伏发电成本已逐步逼近燃煤发电成本。针对不同太阳能资源状况、不同光伏电站投资成本水平下的光伏发电最低上网电价,以及我国不同地区光伏发电平价上网的可能性进行了测算分析,得出以下结论:在我国,若不考虑"弃光"问题,太阳能资源丰富、燃煤标杆上网电价高的地区可以实现光伏发电平价上网,甚至可以实现光伏发电上网电价低于燃煤标杆上网电价;太阳能资源丰富、燃煤标杆上网电价低的地区,或太阳能资源差、燃煤标杆上网电价高的地区,在控制好光伏电站投资成本的前提下,有希望实现光伏发电平价上网;而太阳能资源差、燃煤标杆上网电价低的地区,要实现光伏发电平价上网则较为困难。期望该研究结果可为相关政策的制定及项目决策提供依据。     

分布式光伏发电项目在城区既有建筑中的建设流程及难点分析

分布式光伏发电以可就地消纳、不占用基本农田与建设用地等优势得到越来越广泛的应用。国家相关部委针对分布式光伏发电项目建设给予的政策支持，为新能源在“十四五”期间的高质量发展提供了有力支撑。随着分布式光伏发电项目在工商业园区、整县推进中得到的长足发展，此类项目在城区建筑中的推广应用成为各方关注焦点。以分布式光伏发电项目在武汉城区既有建筑中的建设为例，结合武汉城区现有政策与并网验收要求，对分布式光伏发电项目在城区既有建筑的建设过程进行了分析，总结了此类项目在城区既有建筑建设时的难点，并提出相应的解决措施。以期该研究可为分布式光伏发电项目在城区既有建筑中的推广应用提供参考。     

浅谈分布式光伏发电与浑善达克沙地“小生物经济圈”结合的发展模式

从太阳能光伏发电项目开发现状及区域生态环境现状出发,以锡林郭勒盟境内浑善达克沙地为例,论述了光伏产业发展与浑善达克沙地治理相结合的"小生物经济圈"模式应用,实现经济社会生态效益相协调发展的模式方法,对浑善达克沙地区域内的分布式光伏开发方式进行探讨,为浑善达克沙地区域下一步发展光伏生态治理、光伏扶贫等工程建设提供借鉴。     

国际太阳能发电产业现状及发展趋势

首先,描述了全球太阳能资源情况,总结了目前太阳能发电产业取得的成就,对太阳能光伏发电和聚光太阳能发电技术的发展进行了论述,从并网及分布式光伏的融资特点和资产证券化等方面对太阳能发电项目的融资方式进行了分析;其次,分析了太阳能发电产业面临的挑战,剖析了贸易保护主义对太阳能市场投资的影响,分析了太阳能发电对电网的挑战及环保等方面的问题;最后,着重从太阳能与储能相结合、太阳能发电平价上网、光伏在绿色建筑中的应用,以及分布式光伏发电市场情况等方面论述了国际太阳能产业的发展趋势。     

生态村分布式供能系统分析

针对广大农村沼气和太阳能利用率低的问题,提出了一种生物质能与太阳能互补综合利用的生态村分布式供能系统。该系统将太阳能光伏发电、太阳能光热转换、生物质气化与常规燃气发电整合,实现生物质能与太阳能的供电、供暖、制冷、供燃气和供热水五联产,可有效缓解新农村含碳能源利用带来的环境和安全性问题,有效解决生物质利用效率低和太阳能利用不稳定等技术瓶颈问题。以唐山市沙河驿镇唐庄子村为例,优化生态村分布式供能系统方案,其研究结果可为生态村的建设提供技术支撑。     

清水池上部分布式光伏发电项目中固定式光伏支架的结构及基础设计

作为光伏发电系统的支撑结构,光伏支架结构的稳定性对光伏发电系统的安全高效运行存在重要影响。以某自来水厂清水池上部的分布式光伏发电项目为例,利用有限元软件3D3S对该分布式光伏发电项目采用的固定式光伏支架的结构体系和基础进行了研究,整体设计与分析结果可为应用于此类场景的固定式光伏支架的结构设计提供参考和依据。     

基于熵值法的中国各地区光伏建筑一体化(BIPV)发展前景研究

中国光伏发电主要分为集中式与分布式两种，集中式光伏发电项目由于受土地限制，优质项目开发困难，装机容量增长速度缓慢，分布式光伏发电项目在未来将成为中国光伏发电的主要增长点。光伏建筑一体化(BIPV)作为分布式光伏发电的一种，将为中国能源转型提供有力支持。因此，研究中国不同地区BIPV的发展潜力，可为光伏行业发展提供参考。基于熵值法，结合影响BIPV项目建设的相关因素建立一个评价体系，对中国不同地区BIPV的发展潜力进行评价，为中国相关企业在开发BIPV项目时提供参考。     

屋顶分布式光伏建设方案研究

海南省光照资源丰富,光伏发电小时数位居全国前列,较适宜开发建设光伏电站。相对于集中式光伏电站,屋顶分布式光伏电站具有不占用土地、屋顶所在企业就地并网及消纳等优点,近年来被广泛推广应用。本文针对屋顶分布式光伏电站的建设,结合海南某典型的实际工程对整个建设方案进行了详细描述,对屋顶所处位置的太阳能资源进行了数据采集分析、发电量估算,得出了分布式光伏发电项目的效益及结论并提出了并网方案。本研究可在技术上为同类型电站建设提供一定的参考。     

锚杆灌注桩基础在山地光伏电站光伏支架基础中的应用研究

云南省的太阳能资源丰富,是我国太阳能资源最丰富的省份之一,具有很高的能源开发利用价值。然而,云南省地形条件复杂,平地资源有限,可进行太阳能开发利用的地形多为复杂的山地地形。光伏支架基础是光伏发电工程项目中极其重要的组成部分,其形式多样、数量庞大,如何选择安全、经济且适用于复杂多变的山地地形的光伏支架基础,已成为山地光伏电站土建设计的重点。结合某山地光伏电站的工程实际情况,针对大型钻孔设备无法到达的区域,提出了一种新型的光伏支架基础形式——锚杆灌注桩基础。拉拔试验结果显示,该基础可满足设计要求。     

甘肃敦煌10MW光伏并网发电特许权示范项目存在问题分析

2009年3月启动的甘肃敦煌10MW光伏并网发电特许权示范项目招标,标志着我国在大型荒漠光伏电站应用方面取得了重大进展。国家能源局组织开展的第一轮太阳能光伏发电特许权招标活动非常及时,对启动国内太阳能光伏市场产生了积极的影响,确定的电价1.09元/(kW.h)基本合理。然而,项目在实施过程中也却遇到了一系列的问题,如因供货不及时影响了项目进展,增大了建设成本;配套电网建设滞后;电力外送和消纳问题越来越突出,将成为大规模发展光伏电站的主要制约因素;税制改革挫伤了地方政府的积极性等。为保证国内光伏市场的健康发展,建议应将增值税中央收入部分按一定比例返还地方,采取补贴或者转移支付等手段维护地方政府开发太阳能项目的积极性;继续开展招标试点,摸清国内太阳能产业和市场的发展走向,完善太阳能光伏发电价格形成机制;吸取风电特许权项目的经验教训,改进招标规则,在电价的核准上谨慎行事;统筹考虑风电、太阳能等可再生能源资源开发与外送通道和消纳市场问题;慎重对待为解决太阳能等可再生能源发电电力消纳问题而引进高耗能项目。     

GIS-based approach for potential analysis of solar PV generation at the regional scale: A case study of Fujian Province

Spatial variation of solar energy is crucial for the estimation of the regional potential and selection of construction location. This paper presents a case study of using high resolution grid map of solar radiation combined with the other restriction factors to evaluate the comprehensive potential analysis of solar PV generation at the regional scale, in order to present a framework of decision support tool for solar energy management in a regional area. The cost of PV generation is calculated based on the geographical distribution of technical potential. Moreover, geospatial supply curve (GSC) is employed to portray the evolution of available potential of photovoltaics (PV) generation with the increase of the generation cost. By integrating the economic evaluation variables of net present value and simple payback period, grid-based economic feasibility of PV generation project is then carried out under two feed-in-tariff scenarios. Finally, total CO₂ reduction potential and its spatial distribution in the study area are calculated. The results confirm that PV technology provides high potential for roof-top application and large-scale PV stations. Additionally, determining a reasonable feed-in tariff is essential for expanding the application of solar PV energy. The findings improve understanding of regional renewable energy strategies and the supply/demand assessment.     

Electrification using solar photovoltaic systems in Nepal

Historically, the rural population of Nepal has been meeting their energy needs from traditional sources like fuel wood and other biomass resources. Only about 44% of the total population has access to grid electricity. Because of country’s rough and mountainous topography, high cost of grid extension, and low and scattered population density, constructing some big power plants (e.g. large hydropower) can not meet the electricity needs of all people, especially those living in rural areas. Distributed generation of electricity, using environment friendly solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, might be one of the reliable alternatives for urban as well as rural electrification. This article begins with a general overview of energy resources in Nepal. Present status and perspectives of solar PV sector have also been discussed. Benefit cost and breakeven analyses of solar PV systems in Nepalese urban areas have been carried out. The breakeven year has been calculated between 2027 and 2036 for PV systems with system life time between 40 and 25 years, respectively. It has been concluded that the solar PV systems are not the economic solutions for grid connected urban areas in Nepal. On the other hand, this article concludes that the rural electrification projects should not be decided on the basis of mere monetary benefits, rather many social aspects should be considered, and in this case, there are not convincing alternatives to solar PV systems for electrification in many rural villages in Nepal.     

State coordinated voltage control in an active distribution network with on-load tap changers and photovoltaic systems

Decreasing costs and favorable policies have resulted in increased penetration of solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation in distribution networks. As the PV systems penetration is likely to increase in the future, utilizing the reactive power capability of PV inverters to mitigate voltage deviations is being promoted. In recent years, droop control of inverter- based distributed energy resources has emerged as an essential tool for use in this study. The participation of PV systems in voltage regulation and its coordination with existing controllers, such as on-load tap changers, is paramount for controlling the voltage within specified limits. In this work, control strategies are presented that can be coordinated with the existing controls in a distributed manner. The effectiveness of the proposed method was demonstrated through simulation results on a distribution system.     

双面组件光伏电站最优容配比的研究

通过对采用双面光伏组件的光伏电站(以下简称"双面组件光伏电站")系统效率损失进行分析,发现在光伏组件-逆变器容配比(下文简称"容配比")变化的情况下,逆变器过载损失对此类光伏电站发电量的影响最大。提出了双面组件光伏电站容配比的优化方法,并以太阳能资源Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ类地区的典型城市为例,进行了不同容配比和背景反射率下双面组件光伏电站发电量的模拟,通过分析各种情况下双面组件光伏电站的内部收益率(internal rate of return,iRR),得到了太阳能资源Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ类地区双面组件光伏电站在不同背景反射率下典型的最优容配比。     

构建适应可再生能源资源特点的新型电力体系

从节能减排、重构能源供应体系出发,阐述了可再生能源在未来能源体系中的作用,分析了可再生能源发展面临的主要制约因素,提出构建适应可再生能源资源特点的新型电力系统主要措施,强调构建新型电力系统既要保障电力系统的安全可靠运行,又要充分发挥可再生新能源清洁环保的作用,推动能源体系由以石化能源为主向以可再生能源为主的转变。     

力促大规模非水可再生能源发展

综述了我国能源与电力可持续发展的现状和未来,着重阐述了风力发电、光伏发电、太阳能热发电等可再生能源发电发展的主要特点和问题,最后建议加快规划与部署建设以可再生能源为主体的综合能源基地,积极构建我国能源可持续发展体系。     

我国光伏产业发展的路径

在太阳能光伏发电产业快速发展的同时,亟待识别、分析并把握该产业的成长路径及特点。文章介绍了我国太阳能资源的状况,阐述了我国光伏产业的发展现状,指出了影响太阳能光伏产业发展的主要因素,分别对我国光伏技术研发、产业规划、法律法规、电价政策及项目鼓励政策等5个方面进行了研究,分析了光伏产业发展的典型事件、成长过程及其规律、特点和发展路径。     

Assessing the potential of concentrating solar photovoltaic generation in Brazil with satellite-derived direct normal irradiation

With the declining costs of flat plate and concentrating photovoltaic (PV) systems, solar PV generation in many sunny regions in Brazil will eventually become cost competitive with conventional and centralized power generation. Detailed knowledge of the local solar radiation resource becomes critical in assisting on the choice of the technology most suited for large-scale solar electricity generation. When assessing the energy generation potential of non-concentrating, fixed flat plate versus concentrating PV, sites with high levels of direct normal irradiation (DNI) can result in cost-competitive electricity generation with the use of high concentrating photovoltaic systems (HCPV). In large countries, where the transmission and distribution infrastructure costs and associated losses typical of centralized generation must be taken into account, the distributed nature of solar radiation should be perceived as a valuable asset. In this work we assess the potential of HCPV energy generation using satellite-derived DNI data for Brazil, a large and sunny country with a continental surface of 8.5 million km². The methodology used in the study involved the analysis of global horizontal, latitude-tilt, and direct normal solar irradiation data resulting from the Solar and Wind Energy Resource Assessment (SWERA) Project, and an estimate of the resulting electricity production potential, based on a review of HCPV generators operating at other sites. The satellite-derived solar irradiation data, with 10 km × 10 km spatial resolution, were analysed over the whole country, in order to identify the regions where HCPV might present a considerable advantage over fixed plate PV on an annual energy generation basis. Our results show that there is a considerable fraction of the national territory where the direct normal solar irradiation resource is up to 20% higher than the latitude-tilt irradiation availability. Furthermore, these sites are located in the most industrially-developed region of the country, and indicate that with the declining costs of this technology, distributed multi-megawatt HCPV can be a good choice of technology for solar energy generation at these sites in the near future.