增施腐殖酸生物有机肥在玉米生产中的应用效果

为验证在常规施肥的基础上增施腐殖酸生物有机肥对玉米植株生长及果实成熟的促进作用,开展了田间小区试验。试验共设5个处理,以不施肥为空白对照,测定了常规施肥及增施不同量腐殖酸生物有机肥的玉米在各生育时期的指标。结果表明：在常规施肥的基础上增施腐殖酸生物有机肥对玉米的生长及果实的成熟有明显的促进作用;在常规施肥的基础上亩增施30 kg腐殖酸生物有机肥处理的玉米产量,比常规施肥处理的提高了31.12%。在常规施肥的基础上增施腐殖酸生物有机肥,可以促进玉米的生长和增产。     

菌根真菌和腐植酸有机肥对樱桃番茄产量和品质的影响

采用盆栽试验,研究了接种丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）和施用腐植酸有机肥对樱桃番茄产量和品质的影响。结果表明：接种菌根真菌能够显著提高植株根系菌根的侵染率和果实干重;接种对品质的改善表现在果实中的可溶性固形物、     

腐植酸生物有机肥对设施葡萄生长发育、产量和品质的影响

在设施栽培条件下,以8年生"藤稔"葡萄为试材,研究腐植酸生物有机肥对其生长发育、产量和品质的影响。结果表明,施用腐植酸生物有机肥同常规栽培比较,葡萄萌芽期、始花期、着色期和成熟期提前;萌芽期、始花期,5~20 cm土层地温均有不同程度升高;葡萄增产显著,增产率达到36.47%~42.40%;葡萄单穗重、单粒重、果实硬度、可溶性固形物、还原糖含量均有所提高,可滴定酸含量降低,色泽、风味改善,品质提高;葡萄的净产值最高,经济效益最好。     

腐植酸生物有机肥在大白菜上的应用研究

在田间自然的土壤气候下,进行大白菜施用腐植酸生物有机肥效果试验。结果表明,与CK相比,施用腐植酸生物有机肥,大白菜叶绿素a含量增加0.02~0.05 mg/g·FW,叶绿素b含量增加0.06 mg/g·FW,抗病性提高;大白菜单株重增加0.13~0.75 kg,净菜率提高5.3%~12.1%,最高增产率为26.27%;其品质和口感有所改善,Vc含量提高16.3~33.2 mg/kg,可溶性固形物含量提高0.7%~1.1%。因此,腐植酸生物有机肥适宜在大白菜上大规模推广应用。     

生物腐植酸土壤调理剂在蒲江地区应用效果研究

为研究生物腐植酸土壤调理剂在提高蒲江地区果品品质的效果,以"红阳"猕猴桃、"金艳"猕猴桃、"春见"杂柑、"不知火"杂柑为试验材料,对比了施用生物腐植酸土壤调理剂的果园所产的果实与未施用土壤调理剂的果园所产的果实的品质。结果表明,相对于未施用土壤调理剂的果园,施用土壤调理剂的果园所产果实可溶性固形物提高0.3~2.3个百分点、固酸比提高0.5~10.0、维生素C含量提高0.90~5.61 mg/100 g,表明果实品质得到一定提升。施用生物腐植酸土壤调理剂的果园,土壤有机质平均提高0.08~0.32个百分点,土壤理化性质稍有改善,养分更加均衡。     

腐殖酸生物有机肥对烤烟NC102产质量及工业可用性的影响

在大田条件下,研究了腐殖酸生物有机肥占总氮含量不同比例时对烤烟NC102的生长发育、产品质量、内在品质及工业可用性的影响。试验结果表明,腐殖酸生物有机肥占总氮30％～50％水平对烤烟NC102的生长发育及产品质量影响较大,能有效促进烤烟NC102的生长发育,提高烟叶生物的产量和致香物质的含量,     

酒糟生物有机肥替代化肥在西红柿大田栽培中的应用

采用单纯化肥和减半化肥量用生物有机肥代替进行试验对比,对酒糟生物有机肥在蕃茄生产上的应用效果进行了初步探讨。结果表明:化肥减半后,施用酒糟生物有机肥有如下效果:(1)施用酒糟生物有机肥,比单纯施用化肥,从蕃茄的经济性状来看,单株结果数、平均直径、均果重都有明显增加;(2)施用酒糟生物有机肥比单纯施用化肥增产为792.6-1155.26kg,增产率为12.0-17.48%,在5%显著水平上有显著性和极显著性;(3)化肥减半量用生物有机肥替代后,投入量明显增加,但产量增加的经济效益扣除生物有机肥增加成本后,种植户增加收入1790.52元/亩。     

新型生物有机肥对小白菜生长和土壤肥力的影响

为了调理菜田土壤,提高小白菜的生产效益,用高温快速发酵的生物有机肥在小白菜上进行盆栽试验和生产试验。结果表明:生物有机肥能促进小白菜根长、株高、叶长、叶宽的生长,极显著提高小白菜根质量、茎叶质量、根冠比和产量;同时补充和活化土壤营养,改善土壤理化性状,促进了小白菜对各种主要养分的吸收。     

生物黄腐酸对番茄幼苗发育及产量品质的影响

本试验通过探讨生物黄腐酸在番茄栽培生产中的效应,研究了不同浓度的生物腐植酸在番茄栽培生产中的试验效果。试验结果表明,生物黄腐酸能够促进番茄种子的萌发,加速幼苗生长,促使根系粗壮,改善果实品质。     

矿源黄腐酸钾和生物有机肥不同配比对番茄生长和产量的影响

以番茄为供试作物,采用大田种植的方式,研究矿源黄腐酸钾与生物有机肥不同施肥配比对番茄生长、品质和产量的影响。结果表明,二者配比量在1:50~75的范围内对番茄的株高、茎粗、叶绿素等指标促进效果不同程度高于CK和单独施用生物有机肥处理;同时与CK相比对品质指标Vc和可溶性糖含量的提高达到显著水平。对产量指标进行分析,矿源黄腐酸钾和生物有机肥配比在1:50~150范围可使番茄增产21.20%~27.14%。结合各项指标,本研究推荐矿源黄腐酸钾和生物有机肥配比在1:50~75效果最佳。     

发展腐植酸类有机肥提高化肥利用率

论述腐植酸类有机肥、有机无机复合肥对提高化肥利用率和土壤肥力的重要作用。提出利用食品工业废弃物生产氨基酸类有机无机复合肥;利用泥炭、褐煤、风化煤、蒿秆、木屑等生产腐植酸类有机无机复合肥;发展精制生物有机肥;而功能型生物有机肥将开辟有机肥料新领域。     

药渣发酵再次利用研究初探

以提取皂苷后的黄姜药渣作为主要原材料,通过添加有益微生物、腐植酸钾、沸石粉等辅料,研究发酵制得生物有机肥料的原料及配比。结果表明,黄姜药渣50%、沸石粉21%、豆饼17.5%、过磷酸钙10%、腐植酸钾1%、红糖0.5%,添加少量巨大芽孢杆菌、胶质芽孢杆菌、圆褐固氮菌、EM菌,在30~42℃环境下发酵20天,获得发酵成品,经检测符合生物有机肥料标准。通过此法制得的生物有机肥,生产成本低,同时减少了药渣对环境造成的污染,使药渣变废为宝。     

胶东半岛果园土壤酸化状况及调控技术

生产苹果的效益高,果农投入肥料过量,且偏重氮肥,导致果园土壤酸化。介绍酸化土壤的改良及调控技术;酸土改良剂的配方原理。使用酸土改良剂改良酸化的果园,既中和了土壤酸度,又改善了果树的生育性状,提高了果品品质。     

黄腐酸制剂对苹果早期落叶病和产量的影响

以黄腐酸制剂为载体,研制出一种防治苹果早期落叶病与生理性病害的绿色环保型肥料。渭北高原大田试验结果证明,该肥料有明显的防治病害、增产增收的效果。     

有效开发我国畜禽粪便资源制造生物有机肥

介绍畜禽粪便制成生物有机肥的工艺流程及技术要点,并阐述其产生的环境效益与经济效益.     

钙肥综述

通过大量的农田试验说明钙肥对作物增产、防病和改善品质的作用.介绍各种钙化合物的溶解度,以了解其提供钙营养的能力,指出磷石膏CaSO4是很好的钙肥.CaCO3只有在酸性土壤转化为Ca(HCO3)2才有效.阐述钙营养理论和妨碍植物吸收钙的各种原因.指出某些作物如花生、大豆、瓜果需钙是小麦的数倍,需加强钙肥的农化试验研究.     

Strategy for development of fertilizer solutions for greenhouse tomatoes

A study of fertilization practices in intensively grown tomatoes, leading to a projection of developments in fertilizer usage is presented. Targets of optimal fertilization strategy were defined as follows: maximize fruit yield; maximize fruit quality; minimize environmental pollution with fertilizers; minimize corrosion of the fertilizer distribution system; minimize expenses on fertilizers. Information was gathered by literature searches and by personal interviews and visits to research institutes and growers.Rechecking of some fertilization practices for greenhouse tomatoes grown in detached media is proposed. The review indicates that the following should be rechecked: ammonium/nitrate ratio in fertilizer formulations; use of urea in fertilizer solutions; levels of phosphates applied; levels of sulphate applied; simple iron salts vs. chelated iron application; osmotic potential (OP), expressed as electrical conductivity (EC), of the nutrient solution at various growth stages.EC, pH and estimated prices of fertilizer solutions were calculated and presented in tables.     

Effects of sulfur-coated urea fertilizer regimes on production of processing tomatoes on a sandy loam

An initial broadcast application of sulfur-coated urea (SCU) fertilizer or 75% SCU — 25% ammonium nitrate (AN) provided no additional benefit over a similarly applied AN application in promoting vine growth or fruit yield of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Additionally, AN alone promoted a significantly lower fruit pH. Irrigation effects did not interact with those of fertilizer treatments, but irrigation did significantly increase ripe yield 31% and vine dry weight 41%. The only effect of irrigation on fruit quality was a decrease in fruit soluble solids.     

HA-Si型长效复合肥的特点及田间应用效果

HA-Si型长效复合肥是有机、无机相结合的新型绿色环保肥料。养分齐全，化肥利用率高，肥效期长，能提高作物产量，改善农产品品质，物理性状良好，贮运性能好于一般三元复合肥。在果树、水稻上应用，取得了很好的田间效果。     

Thirty years fertilization and irrigation in Dutch apple orchards: A review

Fertilizer levels increased during the 1960s in The Netherlands because of a move towards all grass orchards in which the grass competed with apple trees for nutrients. During the 70s, many apple orchards kept the soil bare around the trees which lessened the demand for fertilizer. Also the need to avoid storage disorders and improve crop quality prompted a reduction in fertilizer use. Since the late-seventies fertilizer applications have stabilized at a low rate, as a result of the emphasis moving from fruit yield to fruit quality.Due to the prevailing wet weather conditions there was little interest in additional water supply until the mid-seventies. After 1976, an extremely dry year, growers became interested in irrigation. Experiments, in which the fertilizer was broadcast in early spring, showed that additional water promoted shoot growth. Flower-bud formation and therefore production did not always keep pace with the increased vegetative growth. However, fertigation, i.e. adding fertilizer to the irrigation water, not only resulted in strong shoot growth and proper leaf colour, but also in sufficient flower-bud formation. Also with fertigation production was greater than with broadcast fertilization in combination with trickle irrigation.Fertigation may also permit control of the root environment because water and nutrient supply become independent of climatic conditions; this method of fertilizer application may facilitate optimizing the nutrient availability in the root zone, and minimize leaching.