PTFE、炭黑和石墨填充聚苯醚的摩擦学性能研究

采用熔融共混-传递模压成型方法制备不同含量PTFE、石墨和炭黑填充聚苯醚(PPO)共混物,在立式万能磨损试验机上进行摩擦磨损试验,利用扫描电镜观察磨损表面以探讨材料的磨损机制.结果表明:经PTFE填充的PPO共混物摩擦因数和磨损量均有所降低,其最佳添加量为10%(质量分数);而炭黑和石墨的加入使得共混物的摩擦磨损性能降低;PPO共混物的磨损机制以黏着磨损为主.     

三元乙丙橡胶挤出压力振荡现象的影响因素

采用恒速型双筒毛细管流变仪研究了剪切速率、口模温度和含氟弹性体偏氟乙烯-六氟丙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物（PPA）对三元乙丙橡胶（EPDM）挤出压力振荡现象的影响。结果表明，EPDM高速挤出时，升高温度可以推迟挤出压力振荡现象的发生：振荡罔期和振幅均随剪切速率的增加而减小；加入PPA可以改善EPDM挤出物的外观，且挤出压力低于纯EPDM，PPA质量分数越大，其降低幅度越大。     

有机填料填充聚四氟乙烯复合材料摩擦学及力学性能

采用共混-冷压-烧结-整形的工艺制备有机物填充聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)复合材料,考察相同含量的不同有机填料对PTFE复合材料力学性能和摩擦学性能的影响。结果发现,加入有机填料后,复合材料的拉伸强度降低,但硬度和压缩强度均提高;有机填料有效地改善了PTFE复合材料的摩擦学性能,其中,质量分数15%聚苯酯填充的PTFE复合材料减摩效果最好,质量分数15%聚酰亚胺填充的PTFE复合材料的耐磨损性能最优。相比之下,质量分数15%芳纶填充的PTFE复合材料摩擦磨损性能及力学性能最好,其耐磨损性能较纯PTFE提高了近400倍,而摩擦因数仅为纯PTFE的84%。其原因在于芳纶的加入有效地改变了摩擦机制,能形成均匀连续的转移膜,进而降低了磨损。     

聚醚醚酮填充聚四氟乙烯摩擦学性能

采用共混-冷压-烧结的工艺制备聚醚醚酮（PEEK）填充聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）复合材料,考察 PEEK 含量对 PTFE /PEEK 复合材料的力学性能和摩擦学性能的影响,用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察其磨损表面和对偶表面形貌,并探讨磨损机制。结果表明：复合材料的拉伸强度随着 PEEK 含量的增加而降低,在一定范围内,冲击强度随着PEEK 含量的增加而增大;随着 PEEK 含量的增多,摩擦因数呈现先减小后增大的趋势,体积磨损率则逐渐减小。当PEEK 质量分数为20％时,复合材料耐磨性较纯 PTFE 提高了近700倍,其原因在于 PEEK 的加入改变了磨屑形成机制,并能形成均匀连续的转移膜,进而降低了磨损。     

等径道角挤压在AZ91D镁合金半固态加工中的应用

将等径道角挤压工艺（ECAE）应用为应变诱导-熔化激活（SIMA）中的应变诱导工序，并且利用半固态等温处理对ECAE挤压的材料实现熔化激活，提出新SIMA制备AZ91D镁合金半固态坯方法。研究结果表明，新SIMA法制备的AZ91D半固态坯的微观组织均匀、晶粒球化程度好、晶粒细小，平均晶粒尺寸在20μm左右。新SIMA法所制备的半固态坯料半固态触变模锻成形的托弹板的力学性能高，其抗拉强度达到293．5MPa，延伸率达到14．28％。     

分散相形态对MWCNTs/PBT/HDPE共混物摩擦磨损性能的影响

为研究分散相不同形态结构对共混物的力学及摩擦学行为的影响,以PBT/HDPE共混体系为研究对象,通过挤出过程的拉伸牵引作用制备分散相为纤维结构的共混物;通过控制注射成型温度,调控PBT分散相的不同形态结构,研究其对摩擦学性能的影响及其抗磨损机制;通过在分散相中加入润滑粒子多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs),探讨MWCNTs的...     

PTFE对纤维增强尼龙66材料摩擦学性能的影响

考察了玻璃纤维（GF）增强尼龙66复合材料的摩擦磨损性能,以及PTFE对复合材料摩擦学性能的影响,利用扫描电镜分析了磨损形貌。结果表明：15％GF增强尼龙复合材料的摩擦学性能改善不明显,而且磨损量高于纯尼龙;加入PTFE在摩擦过程中形成了转移膜,降低了玻璃纤维增强尼龙复合材料的摩擦磨损,改善了其摩擦学性能。     

扩链剂ADR和成核剂LAK对PLLA/PBAT共混物结晶行为和性能的影响

通过熔融共混法制备了左旋聚乳酸(PLLA)/聚己二酸-对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBAT)(80/20,质量份)共混物,研究了添加1质量份扩链剂ADR和1质量份成核剂LAK对PLLA/PBAT共混物结晶行为、力学性能、流变行为和热稳定性的影响。结果表明：加入扩链剂ADR后,PLLA/PBAT共混物的结晶度下降,但韧性和冲击强度提高,PLLA与PBAT之间的相容性得到改善;进一步加入成核剂LAK后,共混物的结晶度显著上升,断裂伸长率和冲击强度下降,但共混物仍具有较好的韧性;扩链剂ADR改善了共混物的成型加工性能和耐热性,进一步加入成核剂LAK后改善效果略有下降;同时加入扩链剂ADR和成核剂LAK后,PLLA/PBAT共混物同时具备高结晶度和良好的性能。     

纳米氧化物填充PTFE复合材料的摩擦学性能

用机械共混、冷压成型烧结的方法分别制备了不同纳米氧化物填充PTFE复合材料试样.用MM-200型磨损试验机测试了在干摩擦条件下各试样的摩擦磨损性能;用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对试样的混合程度和磨屑的形貌进行了观察和分析.结果表明:在实验条件下,纳米TiO2和纳米Al2O3的加入均可较大幅度提高PTFE的耐磨性,在250 N载荷下,纳米TiO2和纳米Al2O3的加入可使PTFE耐磨性分别提高7.3和3.4倍;纳米TiO2和纳米Al2O3的加入对PTFE摩擦因数影响不大;纳米TiO2和纳米Al2O3填充PTFE复合材料的磨损机制主要是粘着磨损.     

动态硫化EPDM/PP共混物增韧机理及影响因素的分析

动态硫化技术是生产EPDM／PP共混物的有效方法，通过对橡胶增韧机理最新进展的介绍，分析了各种因素对EPDM／PP性能的影响，并阐述了开发高性能EPDM／PP产品的最新技术。     

Physical and tribological properties of PTFE micropowder-filled EPDM rubber

The physical and tribological properties of ethylene-propylene-diene-rubber (EPDM) filled with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) micropowders, i.e. MP1100 and MP1200 having chemically similar but distinctive microstructural morphology have been investigated. EPDM-PTFE micropowder blends filled with MP1200 having a solid granular structure, showed poor tensile strength and elongation at break but significantly improved tribological properties. It attained both the lowest steady-state friction coefficient and specific wear rate. However, EPDM-PTFE blends containing a fine agglomerated PTFE micropowder of MP1100 showed enhanced physical properties. Its increasing tensile strength and elongation at break with PTFE micropowder loading compared to MP1200-filled EPDM blend was essentially due to its characteristic morphology, which enhanced its dispersion and compatibility with EPDM. It showed specific wear rate similar to MP1200-filled EPDM but resulted in high friction coefficient. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the PTFE micropowders and the corresponding PTFE micropowder-filled EPDM blends suggest that agglomerates morphology, dispersion and interfacial compatibility with EPDM are the key factors influencing physical and tribological properties of these compounds.     

Sliding wear behaviour of PEEK‐PTFE blends

The role of PTFE in tailoring the tribological performance of PEEK is not clear from the literature, and conflicting evidence is reported about its ability to improve friction, wear, or both. Moreover, little has been reported on the optimum composition of such blends for the best possible combination of mechanical and tribological properties. Hence, in this work various blends of PEEK with PTFE have been injection moulded and characterised for their mechanical properties. Their friction and wear behaviour was evaluated using a pin‐on‐disc machine. It was observed that the inclusion of PTFE powder not only removed scuffing problems associated with the friction behaviour of PEEK, but also improved both friction and wear characteristics. A blend with 7.5 wt. % PTFE showed the best wear behaviour, while a blend with 30 wt.% PTFE exhibited the best friction performance. A concentration of 7.5 wt. % PTFE was thought to be the optimum amount for the best possible combination of mechanical and tribological properties.     

Effect of ECAE on Microstructure and Tribological Properties of Cu–10%Al–4%Fe Alloy

Equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) process was carried out for a commercial aluminum bronze alloy (Cu–10%Al–4%Fe) produced by hotrolling at high temperature. The effect of ECAE on microstructure, mechanical, and tribological properties of the alloy was investigated. Experimental results showed that the grain size of the alloy decreased with the increase of the pass number of ECAE. After applying ECAE with six passes, the hardness and yield strength of the alloy increased from 118 kgf/mm² and 356 MPa to 165 kgf/mm² and 588 MPa, respectively. The friction coefficient and wear rate of the aluminum bronze alloy were largely reduced due to the improvement of mechanical properties after ECAE. The adhesive wear was the primary wear mechanism for the specimen without ECAE, while abrasive wear was dominant for the specimen with ECAE after six passes.     

Tribo-investigation on PTFE lubricated PEEK in harsh operating conditions

A series of blends with Polytetrafluroethylene (PTFE) powder and Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) was developed by varying the PTFE contents in steps of 5 wt.% from 0 to 20 wt.%. The composites were evaluated for their friction and wear properties at room temperature as well as high temperature in low amplitude oscillating wear (LAOW) mode against steel (100 Cr 6) ball against polymer plate. The same blends were also evaluated in abrasive wear mode to study the influence of harsh operating conditions on wear and friction performance. Incorporation of PTFE benefited PEEK in various ways such as it increased the tribo-utility of the latter by increasing its limiting load value, removing its stick-slip tendency, lowering coefficient of friction and specific wear rate significantly. With increase in PTFE content, benefits to the wear performance increased regularly. This was not the case for friction coefficient. Lowest μ was recorded for 15% PTFE contents. The enhancement in wear and friction performance, however, was at the cost of strength properties which decreased substantially with increase in PTFE content. At 100 °C, friction coefficient and wear rates of all blends increased marginally. In abrasive wear mode, on the other hand, PTFE filled PEEK showed poorer wear resistance than neat PEEK. This was correlated with strength properties and it was observed that these blends closely followed the predictions of Ratner–Lancaster plot. SEM was used to examine the micro-structural features of worn surfaces.     

Influence of PTFE content in PEEK-PTFE blends on mechanical properties and tribo-performance in various wear modes

Few papers are available on the optimum composition of PEEK-PTFE blends for the best possible combination of mechanical and tribological properties in the adhesive wear mode. Nothing is reported in this context on low amplitude oscillating/fretting wear mode. Moreover, the influence of increasing amounts of PTFE in the blend on abrasive wear behaviour along with a correlation with strength properties is not reported. Hence, in this work, five injection-moulded blends of PEEK with PTFE (in the range of 0-30 wt.%) were evaluated on a pin-on-disc configuration on an SRV Optimol Tester for their tribo-behaviour in the low amplitude oscillating wear mode. The data in the abrasive wear mode were generated by abrading a pin loaded against an abrasive paper fitted on the rotating disc. Data on neat PTFE were also included for comparison. It was observed that inclusion of PTFE affected the adhesive wear and low amplitude oscillating wear (LAOW) in a beneficial way. With an increase in PTFE contents, coefficient of friction in both the wear modes (adhesive and low amplitude oscillating) decreased but the trends in wear performance differed. In the adhesive wear mode, the specific wear rate showed minima for 7.5% PTFE inclusion followed by a slow increase for further PTFE addition. In the case of LAOW mode, on the other hand, the wear rate continuously decreased for the selected compositions. The 30% PTFE blend showed excellent combination of μ, wear rate and limiting pressure-velocity (PV) values. Unfilled PEEK proved to be fairly good wear-resistant material but exhibited high μ, a stick-slip tendency and a low PV limit value. Abrasive wear performance of the blends on the other hand, deteriorated with increasing amount of PTFE. Fairly good correlation was observed between the wear rate and product of H and S (H-hardness and S-ultimate tensile strength) rather than Ratner-Lancaster plot (product of S and e, where e is elongation to break).Thus, with increase in PTFE contents, though adhesive and LAOW performance increased substantially, it was at the cost of deterioration in all mechanical properties (except impact strength) and abrasive wear performance.     

Tribological Characterization of Aromatic Thermosetting Copolyester–PTFE Blends in Air Conditioning Compressor Environment

The tribological behavior of a wide range of compositions using blends of aromatic thermosetting polyester (ATSP) with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) has been investigated. PTFE was chosen as the blending material because of its low coefficient of friction and good performance at high temperatures and resistance to chemicals. ATSP blends were used to specifically combat some of the shortcomings of PTFE like its extremely low wear resistance and poor mechanical properties, and special processing requirements due to its high melt viscosity. Controlled tribological experiments simulating an air conditioning compressor operating with R134a refrigerant under realistic operating conditions were carried out with different ATSP/PTFE compositions, as well as four different state-of-the-art commercially available composites containing carbon fibers, graphite and PTFE. It was found that the newly synthesized composites exhibited superb tribological characteristics as far as low friction and low wear were concerned. The wear performance of PTFE was greatly improved, while it was shown that greater amounts of ATSP used in the blend lead to lower wear and the amount of ATSP did not significantly alter the friction coefficient. Material transfer and development of a weak film on the disk surface was observed, especially for the blends with higher PTFE content.     

纳米ZnO填充PTFE复合材料的力学及摩擦学性能

通过机械搅拌和超声分散制备纳米ZnO填充PTFE复合材料,研究纳米ZnO填充量对复合材料力学及摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明:当ZnO质量分数小于3%时,复合材料的拉伸强度与纯PTFE相比略有增高;复合材料的密度、硬度、摩擦因数随ZnO填充量的增加而逐渐增大;当ZnO填充质量分数为1%～3%时,复合材料的磨耗量大幅下降,但若继续增加ZnO填充量,复合材料的磨耗量却变化不大。     

Tribological behaviour of new chemically bonded PTFE polyamide compounds

Topic of the study is the formation of new PTFE polyamide materials by reactive extrusion. The new type of formed PTFE polyamide compound shows very good material properties. Recently it has been revealed that carboxylic acid groups exhibit a very high reactivity under polyamide melting conditions. PTFE micro powders functionalized by carboxylic acid groups are the base for the block copolymer formation in polyamide melts under defined process conditions. Such functionalized micro powders are formed from virgin PTFE by electron irradiation in the presence of oxygen. These new PTFE polyamide materials can be processed easily using commercial (common) process equipment like twin-screw extruders and injection molding. Many experimental investigations have been performed under dry sliding friction on PA 6, PA 6.6 and PA 12 compounds with PTFE weight portions between 3.3 and 50%. They show low coefficients of friction and low specific wear rates. The wear resistance of newly developed PTFE polyamide compounds is comparable with commercially available mechanically or physically produced PTFE and PEAK compounds.     

Influence of PP-g-MA Compatibilization on the Mechanical and Wear Properties of Polypropylene/Thermoplastic Polyurethane Blends

Polypropylene/thermoplastic polyurethane (PP/TPU) blends of different weight ratios (75/25 and 25/75) were processed by melt blending using a maleic anhydride–grafted polypropylene (PP-g-MA) copolymer as coupling agent. The influence of the amount of the coupling agent (0, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 phr) on the mechanical, frictional, and wear properties of the blends were characterized through tensile test, three-point bending, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and ball-on-disc wear tests. PP-g-MA was found to be an effective compatibilizer for PP/TPU blends, and mechanical and wear properties of the blends were proved to be strongly impacted by the amount of coupling agent. Tensile strength of the blends tends to increase with increasing the PP-g-MA content and 9 phr is found to be optimal for both concentrations of the blends. Good miscibility of the blends with increasing compatibilizer content was also verified by DMA. From the wear test results, the compatibilizer was found to be more effective in PP₇₅/TPU₂₅ blends, in parallel with the results of the mechanical tests. The PP₇₅/TPU₂₅ blend with 11 phr PP-g-MA content was superior to the other blends. In addition, in this work, a new model based on image processing is proposed that provides accurate and fast wear rate measurement and detailed information of the wear track, especially in heterogeneous materials. Using the model, the homogeneity of the wear track widths was proved to be strongly impacted and improved by the use of a coupling agent.