一种基于两阶段的脉冲噪声滤除算法

本文提出了一种基于两阶段的脉冲噪声滤除方法.在算法的第一阶段,提出利用列队排序检测器(ROD)来检测图像中所有可能的脉冲噪声点.在第二阶段,对所有的噪声候选点进行自适应中值滤波,滤波窗口的尺寸大小是根据噪声密度自适应调整的.该算法能对图像的边界以及非噪声点进行保护.实验表明,本文算法在滤除脉冲噪声的同时可以有效地保护图像细节,尤其是在噪声密度非常大的情况下.     

一种红外图像颗粒噪声自适应滤波算法

针对红外图像中常出现的颗粒噪声,在对自适应中值滤波(AMF)改进的基础上,提出了一种基于噪声检测的加权融合中值滤波算法。该算法对于噪声的滤除分为检测和滤波2个环节。首先根据对大量图像信息分布特征进行分析,设计出了较为通用的4类噪声检测模版;其次分别采用各模版对噪声进行极值检测并加以标记,以区分出极值点与像素点;然后根据模版内极值点与非极值点的数目比例确定噪声点,并将非极值点取均值作为噪声滤波结果输出;对于区域的极值点,引入距离判别准则加以确认,被确认为噪声点的像素值通过模版内非极值点分别取均值和中值并加权融合得到;最后对4个模版处理后的滤波值进行等权融合,得到最终的滤波图像。分别与经典中值滤波(MF)、自适应中值滤波(AMF)、开关中值滤波(SMF)性能比较,实验表明,本文滤波算法对于高强度的斑点噪声具有较好的滤波性能,对于红外图像处理具有一定的借鉴价值。     

基于人眼视觉特性的混合滤波算法

为了有效地滤除混合噪声,本文提出了一种基于人眼视觉特性的混合滤波算法。该方法首先采用基于人眼视觉特性的噪声敏感系数作为阈值来确定脉冲噪声点,对检测出脉冲噪声点采用自适应窗口大小的迭代中值滤波进行滤波,而对于含有高斯噪声的像素点则采用一种保护细节的改进的自适应模糊滤波器进行处理。该算法与标准滤波方法及其它改进混合滤波算法相比,具有更好的滤波性能。     

基于斜率差值的自适应图像椒盐噪声滤波算法

提出了一种基于斜率差值的自适应中值滤波算法,以有效去除图像脉冲噪声。该算法在经典自适应中值算法的基础上,采用斜率差值进行噪声判定。针对自适应中值滤波算法和基于斜率的自适应中值滤波算法在噪声强度较高情况下的不足进行了改进,同时解决了噪声块难以去除的问题。实验结果表明,该算法能有效去除图像脉冲噪声,并较好的保护图像细节。     

EMCCD图像自适应模糊中值滤波算法研究

针对电子倍增CCD（EMCCD）图像噪声密度随着增益的变化而变化,提出了一种基于噪声点检测的自适应模糊中值滤波算法。该算法由模糊滤波模块和自适应模块两部分组成。首先,该算法对滤波窗口内的中心点进行噪声检测;然后对检测为噪声的像素点引入双阈值,并根据引入的阈值和滤波窗口内的中值建立噪声点的模糊隶属函数,根据模糊隶属函数对噪声点进行滤波处理后输出;最后采用自适应模块调整待处理图像的像素。仿真及实验结果表明,新算法不仅能够有效地将图像中的噪声去除,而且很好地保护了图像中的细节和边缘,PSNR比传统的自适应中值滤波算法平均提高了15 dB以上;该算法在低噪声密度情况下性能明显好于其他中值滤波器,在高噪声密度情况下性能也比较稳定。     

一种快速去除高密度椒盐噪声的滤波算法

为了更好地恢复被高密度椒盐噪声污染的图像,在传统的自适应中值滤波算法的基础上提出了一种改进的自适应滤波算法。该算法将3×3矩形滤波窗口内极值点视为可疑噪声点,对可疑噪声点自适应调节滤波窗口大小进一步判断是否为噪声点;将噪声点区分为低密度噪声区噪声点和高密度噪声区噪声点,并分别用改进后的中值滤波算法、自适应修正后均值滤波算法处理,信号点保持不变。仿真结果表明,该算法处理速度快并且能够有效恢复被椒盐噪声(密度达80%)污染的图像,在去噪的同时能够很好地保护图像的细节。     

一种改进型椒盐噪声滤波算法

针对极值中值(EM)滤波算法在去除椒盐噪声时误检率较大的问题,提出了一种改进的椒盐噪声去除算法.算法由漏检率和误检率都较低的噪声检测过程和多窗口噪声滤波过程组成,对受不同强度噪声污染图像的去噪实验表明,该方法在不同噪声率下均优于传统的中值(SM)滤波法及其一些改进方法,当噪声率达到70%时其峰值信噪比(PSNR)提高了16 dB.     

图像去噪的新型自适应混合滤波算法

针对含有椒盐噪声和高斯噪声的灰度图像,研究一种新型的自适应混合滤波算法.首先利用改进的自适应中值滤波算法过滤图像中的椒盐噪声;其次利用改进的自适应均值滤波算法过滤图像中的高斯噪声.这种混合滤波算法具有自适应扩大滤波窗口以及自适应选择最佳阉值的特点.计算机仿真实验证实,该方法不仅在改善信噪比(SNR)和最小均方误差(MSE)上明显优于传统的中值滤波、均值滤波、小波硬阈值、软阈值等方法,而且能较好地保护图像细节.     

一种小波域多方向自适应加权伪中值滤波算法

为了有效地滤除红外图像中的噪声,提出了一种小波域多方向自适应加权伪中值滤波算法。该算法首先对红外噪声图像的各高频分解子图像分别进行噪声点检测和标记;然后根据各子图像中像素点分布特征分别设计出4类具有多方向性的滤波模板进行自适应加权滤波;最后将低频分解子图像与滤波后的各小波高频分解子图像进行重构。分别将中值滤波(MF)、伪中值滤波(PMF)、极值中值滤波(EMF)、加权中值滤波(WMF)、以及本文算法应用于标准测试图像以及红外图像去噪,并引入峰值信噪比(PSNR)、平均绝对误差(MAE)进行去噪效果评定。标准测试图像和红外图像仿真结果表明,该算法性能明显优于PMF,且相对于与其余几类同类型算法而言,也具有一定的优势。     

一种基于极值的自适应中值滤波算法

图像平滑处理中,如何在去除噪声的同时完整地保留图像边缘细节一直是非线性滤波算法研究的热点问题。提出了一种基于极值的自适应中值滤波算法,该算法根据图像中某点是否为邻域极值点将全部像素分为可疑噪声与信号两类。对可疑噪声点采用包括八个一维窗口和一个二维窗口在内的不同尺度和不同方向的九个子窗口,按照各个子窗口的均方差大小,自适应选择窗口进行中值滤波;对信号点不加处理,灰度值不变。测试结果表明,该算法的滤噪特性和细节保护能力优于多级中值滤波;执行速度较快,优于经典中值滤波。     

Erratum to: Multi-scale directional-filtering-based method for follicular lymphoma grading

A new decision-based algorithm has been proposed for the restoration of digital images which are highly contaminated by the saturated impulse noise (i.e., salt-and-pepper noise). The proposed denoising algorithm performs filtering operation only to the corrupted pixels in the image, keeping uncorrupted pixels intact. The present study has used a coupled window scheme for the removal of high density noise. It has used sliding window of increasing dimension, centered at any pixel and replaced the noisy pixels consecutively by the median value of the window. However, if the entire pixels in the window are noisy, then the dimension of sliding window is increased in order to obtain the noise-free pixels for median calculation. Consequently, this algorithm has been found to be able to remove the high density salt-and-pepper noise and also preserved the fine details of the four images, Lena, Elaine, Rhythm, and Sunny, used as test images in this study (The latter two real-life images have been acquired using Sony: Steady Shot DSC- S3000). Experimentally, it has been found that the proposed algorithm yields better peak signal-to-noise ratio, image enhancement factor, structural similarity index measure and image quality index, compared with the other state-of-art median-based filters viz. standard median filter, adaptive median filter, progressive switched median filter, modified decision-based algorithm and modified decision-based unsymmetric trimmed median filter.     

Fast switching based median–mean filter for high density salt and pepper noise removal

This paper proposes a fast switching based median–mean filter for high density salt and pepper noise in images. The extreme minimum value and extreme maximum value of the noisy image are used to identify the noise pixels. In the filtering stage, the corrupted pixel is replaced either by median value or mean value based on the number of noise free pixels in the filtering window. The qualitative and quantitative results show that the proposed filter outperforms the other switching based filters namely ACWMF, PSMF, AMF, DBA and MDBUTMF in terms of noise removal and edge preservation for noise densities varying from 10% to 90%.     

Recursive cubic spline interpolation filter approach for the removal of high density salt-and-pepper noise

Spline-based approach is proposed to remove very high density salt-and-pepper noise in grayscale and color images. The algorithm consists of two stages, the first stage detects whether the pixel is noisy or noise-free. The second stage removes the noisy pixel by recursive spline interpolation filter. The proposed recursive spline interpolation filter is based on the neighborhood noise-free pixels and previous noise-free output pixel; hence, it is termed as recursive spline interpolation filter. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with the existing algorithms like standard median filter, decision-based filter, progressive switched median filter, and modified decision-based unsymmetric trimmed median filter at very high noise density. The proposed algorithm gives better peak signal-to-noise ratio, image enhancement factor, and correlation factor results than the existing algorithms.     

Real-time Face Detection using Skin Color Model

1　Introduction　Facedetectionandrecognitionarestilltoughtasksofpatternrecognition ,in particularinreal timeapplica tions ,e .g .,securitysystems ,humanandmachinein teraction ,smartmediasystems,andsoon .Thediffi cultiesaremainlyduetothevariationsofilluminationconditions,viewpoints,pose ,imagesize ,etc ..Facedetectionisthecrucialstepinfacerecognition .Ifthepresenceofhumanfaceisdetected ,thelocationandsizeofthefaceregionarereturned .Overthelastthreedecades,manyfacedetectionmethodshavebeendevel …     

An improved recursive and adaptive median filter for high density impulse noise

An improved recursive and adaptive median filter (RAMF) for the restoration of images corrupted with high density impulse noise is proposed in the present paper. Adaptive operation of the filter is justified with the variation in size of working window which is centered at noisy pixels. Based on the presence of noise-free pixel(s), the size of working window changes. The noisy pixels are filtered through the replacement of their values using both noise-free pixels of the current working window and previously processed noisy pixels of that window. These processed noisy pixels are obtained recursively. The combined effort thus provides an improved platform for filtering high density impulse noise of images. Experimental results with several real-time noisy images show that the proposed RAMF outperforms other state-of-the-art filters quantitatively in terms of peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and image enhancement factor (IEF). The superiority of the filter is also justified qualitatively through visual interpretation.     

A new fuzzy-based decision algorithm for high-density impulse noise removal

This paper proposes a new efficient fuzzy-based decision algorithm (FBDA) for the restoration of images that are corrupted with high density of impulse noises. FBDA is a fuzzy-based switching median filter in which the filtering is applied only to corrupted pixels in the image while the uncorrupted pixels are left unchanged. The proposed algorithm computes the difference measure for each pixel based on the central pixel (corrupted pixel) in a selected window and then calculates the membership value for each pixel based on the highest difference. The algorithm then eliminates those pixels from the window with very high and very low membership values, which might represent the impulse noises. Median filter is then applied to the remaining pixels in the window to get the restored value for the current pixel position. The proposed algorithm produces excellent results compared to conventional method such as standard median filter (SMF) as well as some advanced techniques such as adaptive median filters (AMF), efficient decision-based algorithm (EDBA), improved efficient decision-based algorithm (IDBA) and boundary discriminative noise detection (BDND) switching median filter. The efficiency of the proposed algorithm is evaluated using different standard images. From experimental analysis, it has been found that FBDA produces better results in terms of both quantitative measures such as PSNR, SSIM, IEF and qualitative measures such as Image Quality Index (IQI).