MCPA6/改性聚硅氧烷复合材料的摩擦磨损性能

采用阴离子聚合法制备了浇铸尼龙6(MCPA6)/改性羟基封端聚二甲基硅氧烷(MHPDMS)原位复合材料,研究了不同MHPDMS含量对复合材料在水润滑及干摩擦条件下的摩擦磨损性能影响。结果表明,在干摩擦条件下,复合材料的摩擦系数随滑动时间增加先增大后减小最后达到平衡,随着MHPDMS含量的增加,复合材料在稳定阶段的摩擦系数变化不大,但是磨损量逐渐减小,MHPDMS质量分数为4%的复合材料磨损量仅为MCPA6的25%;在水润滑条件下,复合材料的摩擦系数随滑动时间增加先增大后平衡,随着MHPDMS含量的增加,复合材料的稳定摩擦系数基本没有变化,磨损量先减小后增大,当MHPDMS质量分数为2%时,磨损量最小,为MCPA6的50%左右。复合材料在水润滑条件下的稳定摩擦系数比干摩擦条件下的小,但磨损量比干摩擦条件下的大很多。复合材料在干摩擦条件下的磨损机理主要是粘着磨损和疲劳磨损,而在水润滑条件下主要为犁削磨损和磨粒磨损。     

浆粕增强丁腈橡胶复合材料的力学及摩擦学性能

以杂乱取向方式填充丁腈橡胶(NBR),分别制备出丁腈橡胶/芳纶浆粕(PPTA-pulp)和丁腈橡胶/腈纶浆粕(PAN-pulp)复合材料,并研究了两种浆粕的用量对其复合材料力学及摩擦学性能的影响。结果表明,随着浆粕用量的增加,两种复合材料的力学性能均得到了一定程度的改善,且PPTApulp的增强效果优于PAN-pulp; 当浆粕质量分数达到10%时,两种复合材料均可获得较好的摩擦磨损性能,20%时复合材料的磨耗量最小; 两种浆粕的加入均能提高复合材料的耐溶胀性能,且填充PPTApulp的效果较好; PPTA-pulp与橡胶基质的界面结合力比PAN-pulp强。     

芳纶纤维增强丁腈橡胶的摩擦性能

研究了芳纶纤维增强丁腈橡胶(NBR)复合材料的物理机械性能和摩擦性能,并用扫描电子显微镜分析了芳纶纤维增强NBR复合材料的磨损表面和磨屑形貌。结果表明,芳纶的加入提高了NBR的拉伸强度;随着芳纶用量的增大,复合材料的扯断伸长率降低;芳纶的加入降低了NBR的摩擦系数和磨损率;当芳纶用量为20份时,复合材料的综合性能最佳。加入芳纶对NBR摩擦磨损形式的改变是NBR摩擦性能提高的重要原因。     

轴瓦用C/C-SiC复合材料的摩擦磨损性能研究

本文通过液相气化热梯度法结合反应熔渗法制备出C/C-SiC复合材料,并通过环块摩擦磨损实验考察了在水润滑条件下不同载荷对其摩擦磨损特性的影响。实验在结果表明:C/C-SiC复合材料主要由碳纤维、碳纤维周围深色相PyC、灰暗相SiC相和灰白相Si组成。在水润滑条件下,C/C-SiC复合材料的摩擦系数较低,并随着载荷的增加而增大。当载荷从100N增加到400N时,摩擦系数从0.06增大到0.17左右。当载荷小于200N时,C/C-SiC复合材料的磨损率变化不明显;当载荷大于200N时,其磨损率随载荷的增加而显著增大。载荷较高时,C/C-SiC复合材料的磨损形式主要为磨粒磨损,材料表面磨损是磨粒的犁削作用和应力疲劳作用的共同结果。     

聚丙烯腈纤维/MC尼龙6原位复合材料摩擦磨损性能研究

本文利用己内酰胺的阴离子原位聚合方法制备了聚丙烯腈纤维/MC尼龙6原位复合材料。对复合材料的摩擦磨损性能进行了测试,通过DSC、SEM等测试手段对复合材料的摩擦磨损机理进行探讨。结果表明原位复合材料的磨损机理是以磨粒磨损为主,同时还有粘着磨损和疲劳磨损。摩擦温度是摩擦系数大小的影响因素。原位复合材料的摩擦系数随载荷的增加而减小,磨损量随着载荷的增加而增加。在低载荷条件下,原位复合材料的摩擦系数大于MC尼龙6,当载荷增加时,聚合物表面软化熔融,起到了润滑作用使得复合材料的摩擦系数下降。     

纳米颗粒增强摩擦材料摩擦学性能研究

以丁腈橡胶改性酚醛树脂为基体,芳纶纤维、玻璃纤维为增强纤维,选用不同类型的纳米颗粒作为填料设计摩擦材料组分配比,并通过热压烧结制备摩擦材料。通过摩擦磨损试验机测试其在干摩擦条件下的摩擦学性能,并用扫描电镜(SEM)对材料的磨损形貌进行观察分析,以研究不同类型的纳米颗粒对摩擦材料性能的影响。研究表明:在干摩擦条件下,经过纳米颗粒改性的摩擦材料摩擦系数、硬度比未改性的材料有不同程度的提高,同时磨损率有很大程度的降低;纳米颗粒改性的摩擦材料摩擦系数、磨损率变化趋势具有一致性,均随着实验载荷、滑动速度的增大而逐渐减小;纳米颗粒改性后的摩擦材料磨损机理表现为疲劳磨损与磨粒磨损并存,而未改性的材料磨损机理主要表现为疲劳磨损。     

陶瓷粉增强HDPE复合材料干摩擦性能

采用熔融共混注射法制备了陶瓷粉/高密度聚乙烯复合材料;研究了不同陶瓷粉加入量的复合材料在干摩擦(50、110 N)条件下的摩擦系数及磨损率,测试了复合材料的硬度及热稳定性能,并利用扫描电镜观察了陶瓷粉与基体的界面形貌及磨损表面形貌。结果表明:陶瓷粉的加入改善了复合材料的干摩擦性能;当陶瓷粉加入量为20%、载荷为110 N时,复合材料的摩擦系数比未添加陶瓷粉的高密度聚乙烯增大了11. 5%,而磨损率降低了38. 8%;复合材料的磨损机理由纯高密度聚乙烯的粘着磨损(50 N)或粘着磨损和疲劳磨损共存转变为磨粒磨损(110 N)。复合材料干摩擦性能的改善是由于陶瓷粉与基体具有良好的界面结合,陶瓷粉提高了复合材料的硬度及热稳定性。     

C／C-SiC复合材料的水润滑摩擦磨损特性研究

本文在MRH-3型环块式磨损试验机上,进行了C／C-SiC与Ni基合金摩擦副的摩擦磨损实验。测定了水润滑状态下,在相同转速,载荷,磨损时间条件下,配对摩擦副的摩擦系数和磨损率。用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察了配对摩擦副的磨损表面形貌。初步探讨了C／C-SiC复合材料的摩擦、磨损特性及机理,对C／C-SiC复合材料在水润滑条件下作为摩擦件使用提供了实验依据。     

芳纶浆粕对酚醛树脂基摩擦材料性能影响

以酚醛树脂为基体,使用高模量、高强度、吸附性好、热稳定性能优异的芳纶浆粕作为增强纤维,石墨、萤石、重晶石等作为填料,通过干法热压成型工艺制备酚醛树脂基摩擦材料。研究了芳纶浆粕含量对材料力学性能和摩擦磨损性能的影响。利用扫描电子显微镜观察磨损表面形貌,初步分析芳纶浆粕在摩擦材料中的作用机理。结果表明,芳纶浆粕可以使材料的冲击强度和硬度明显提高;当配方中芳纶浆粕含量较低时,材料的摩擦系数变化不大,随着含量进一步增加,材料的摩擦系数明显升高;适量的芳纶浆粕有助于形成致密均匀的摩擦层,进而提高材料的摩擦稳定性,同时降低磨损率。当配方中芳纶浆粕的质量分数为2%时,材料达到最佳的摩擦磨损性能。     

微珠陶瓷材料的摩擦磨损性能

由高温摩擦磨损试验研究了复合莫来石(22.6%硅酸锆,75%莫来石,2.4%碳酸钙,质量分数)、硅酸锆和氧化铝3种陶瓷微珠材料在干摩擦和水润滑条件下的摩擦磨损性能,并对其磨损机理进行了分析.结果表明:3种材料的磨损均随着负荷的增加而加剧;在同等载荷下,水润滑条件相对于干摩擦,复合莫来石和硅酸锆的磨损都有所降低,氧化铝磨损反而加剧.在低载荷下,微珠磨损机理主要是塑性变形和微裂纹,在较高载荷下,主要磨损机理是脆性剥落和磨粒磨损.     

Tribological behavior of short‐fiber‐reinforced polyimide composites under dry‐sliding and water‐lubricated conditions

Polyimide composites reinforced with short‐cut fibers such as carbon, glass, and quartz fibers were fabricated by the polymerization of monomer reactants process. The mechanical properties of the composites with different fiber contents were evaluated. The friction and wear properties of the polyimide and its composites were investigated under dry‐sliding and water‐lubricated conditions. The results indicated that the short‐carbon‐fiber‐reinforced polyimide composites had better tensile and flexural strengths and improved tribological properties in comparison with glass‐fiber‐ and quartz‐fiber‐reinforced polyimide composites. The incorporation of short carbon fibers into the polyimide contributed to decreases in the friction coefficient and wear rate under both dry and water‐lubricated conditions and especially under water lubrication because of the boundary lubrication effect of water. The polyimide and its composites were characterized by plastic deformation, microcracking, and spalling under both dry and water‐lubricated conditions, which were significantly abated under the water‐lubricated condition. The glass and quartz fibers were easily abraded and broken; the broken fibers transferred to the mating metal surface and increased the surface roughness of mating stainless steel, which led to the wear rate increasing for the glass‐fiber‐ and quartz‐fiber‐reinforced polyimide composites. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2008     

Tribological behavior of poly(ether ether ketone) composites filled with potassium titanate whiskers sliding in different media

The friction and wear properties of poly (ether ether ketone) (PEEK) composites filled with potassium titanate whiskers (PTWs) under alkali, water, and dry conditions were investigated. The wear mechanisms in different lubrication situations were studied on the basis of examinations of the worn and counterpart surfaces with scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy. The results showed that PTWs could obviously increase the wear resistance and reduce the friction coefficient of the PEEK composites under dry sliding conditions. Only when the PTW content was greater than 35 wt % did the wear resistance and friction coefficient deteriorate. Sliding in water caused increases in the wear rate and friction coefficient of the PEEK composites, and the PTW‐filled PEEK composites showed the highest friction coefficient and wear rate under this lubrication condition. On the contrary, sliding in an alkaline solution, the PTW‐filled PEEK composites showed the lowest friction coefficient and almost the same level of wear resistance as that found under the dry condition. Furrows and abrasive wear were the main mechanisms for the PTW‐filled PEEK composites sliding in water. The transfer onto the counterpart rings was significantly hindered with sliding under water and alkali conditions. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

碳纤维增强PEEK复合材料的摩擦学性能研究

用磨损试验机对碳纤维增强聚醚醚酮（PEEK）复合材料进行室温干滑动磨损试验。考察了碳纤维的含量，石墨润滑剂，对靡时间及载荷对材料靡损量及摩擦系数的影响，并用电子显微镜对其磨损表面进行了观察与分析，同时对材料的磨损机理进行了探讨，研究结果表明，随着载荷的升高和对磨时间的延长，材料的摩擦系数逐渐降低并趋于稳定，磨损量呈上升趋势，加入碳纤维可以明显地降低材料的摩擦系数和磨损量，当碳纤维含量为5％－10％时复合材料的摩擦系数和磨损量最低；加入适量固体石墨可进一步降低复合材料的摩擦系数和磨损量。     

Influence of the hard segment content on the mechanical and tribological properties of the polyurethane modified by hydroxyl‐terminated polydimethylsiloxane under different lubricated conditions

Two kinds of polyurethane (PU) composites with different hard segment content modified by a high molecular weight hydroxyl‐terminated polydimethylsiloxane (HTPDMS) were prepared. The effect of the hard segment content on the mechanical and tribological properties of the PU composites was studied. Tensile strength of the PU composites increased with the increasing of the hard segment content. The friction and wear experiments were tested on a MRH‐3 model ring‐on‐block test rig at different sliding speeds and loads under different lubricated conditions. Experimental results revealed that the coefficient of friction (COF) and the wear rate value of the PU composites decreased with increasing hard segment content and the COF of the PU composites under dry friction was higher than that under water and sea water lubrication. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) investigations showed that the worn surfaces of the PU under water and sea water lubrication were smoother than that under dry friction. Besides, the wear rate value of the PU composites under water and sea water lubrication was smaller than that under dry friction. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers     

固体润滑剂对丁腈橡胶复合材料性能的影响

将石墨、石墨烯以及两种不同尺寸的二硫化钼分别引入丁腈橡胶复合材料,考察四种固体润滑剂对复合材料性能,尤其是摩擦学性能的影响.结果表明,石墨烯的引入使丁腈橡胶复合材料的硬度及模量明显上升,扯断伸长率下降;而二硫化钼的引入有利于提高材料的撕裂性能.在干摩擦条件下,石墨烯的引入可有效提高材料的耐磨性并降低材料的摩擦系数,这得...     

不同介质中聚四氟乙烯复合材料的摩擦磨损性能

分别在碱液、水、油和干摩擦条件下考察了碳纤维和玻璃纤维填充聚四氟乙烯复合材料的摩擦磨损性能。利用SEM观察了不同介质中磨损面和对摩面的形貌，并探讨了其磨损机理。结果表明，不同介质中摩擦系数的大小关系是μ干>μ水或油>μ碱，磨损率是W水>W干>W碱或油。水、碱和油都不同程度地阻止了转移膜的形成。碱液和油具有很好的冷却与润滑作用，摩擦系数低，磨损小；然而水分子降低了填料和基体的界面粘接强度，造成犁削和磨粒磨损加重。     

聚苯硫醚复合材料摩擦性能的研究

考察了聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）、纳米无机粒子及不同含量和粒度的石墨填充改性聚苯硫醚（PPS）复合材料的摩擦磨损性能、力学性能；并采用扫描电镜（SEM）观测了磨损表面及对摩面的微观结构。结果表明：石墨的添加有利于在对摩面上形成转移物，而且随着石墨含量的增加，材料的摩擦系数明显降低，但磨耗量却有所升高，而石墨的粒度变化对材料的摩擦性能没有太大的影响；当PTFE和石墨两种固体润滑剂同时加入时，材料的力学强度有所降低，但其摩擦系数及磨耗量都得到明显改善，材料以疲劳磨损为主：纳米无机粒子的加入会使材料的磨耗量有所增大，其磨损机理转变为磨粒磨损。     

Tribological behavior of polyetheretherketone composites containing short carbon fibers and potassium titanate whiskers in dry sliding against steel

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) composites reinforced by short carbon fibers (SCF) and potassium titanate whiskers (PTW) were prepared using twin‐screw extrusion compounding and injection molding. The tribological properties of hybrid composites were investigated in dry sliding condition against steel. The effects of filler contents on the wear behavior were studied. It was found that the hybrid composite showed an excellent tribological property in dry sliding condition. Applied load had great effect on the tribological behavior of the composites. In most cases, the friction coefficient of the composite decreased with the load rising. The composites with higher CF contents showed outstanding tribological performances at low load but could worsen the wear behavior at high load. Because of the positive effect of PTW, high PTW loading composites presented low wear rate at low load. At high loads, the composites with lower PTW contents had better wear resistance. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation revealed that abrasion wear was attributed to the lower wear resistance of the high PTW content composite at high load. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Friction and wear characteristics of fiber- and whisker-reinforced PTFE composites under oil lubricated conditions

Four kinds of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-based composites, such as pure PTFE, PTFE + 30(vol.)% carbon fiber, PTFE + 30(vol.)% glass fiber, and PTFE + 30(vol.)% K₂Ti₆O₁₃ whisker composite, were prepared. The friction and wear properties of these fiber- and whisker-reinforced PTFE composites sliding against GCr15-bearing steel (SAE52100 steel) under both dry and liquid paraffin lubricated conditions were studied by using an MHK-500 ring-block wear tester (Timken wear tester). Then the worn surfaces of these PTFE composites and the transfer films formed on the surface of GCr15-bearing steel were investigated by using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and an Optical Microscope, respectively. Experimental results show that the friction and wear properties of the PTFE composites reinforced with carbon fiber, glass fiber, and a K₂Ti₆O₁₃ whisker can be greatly improved by lubrication with liquid paraffin, and the friction coefficients of these PTFE composites can be decreased by one order of magnitude compared to those under dry friction conditions. Meanwhile, the wear of the fiber- and whisker-reinforced PTFE composites in liquid paraffin lubrication increases with the increase of load, but the friction coefficients of these PTFE composites first decrease with the increase of load, and then increase with the increase of load. The variations of friction coefficients with load for these PTFE composites in liquid paraffin lubrication can be described properly by the Stribeck's curve as given in this article. However, when the load increases to the load limits of the PTFE composites, their friction and wear increase sharply. SEM and optical microscope investigations show that the interactions between liquid paraffin and the PTFE composites, especially the absorption of liquid paraffin into the surface layers of the PTFE composites, create some obvious cracks on the worn surfaces of the PTFE composites. The creation and the development of the cracks reduce the load-carrying capacity of the PTFE composites, and therefore lead to the increase of the friction and wear of the PTFE composites under higher loads. Meanwhile, the transfer of the fiber- and whisker-reinforced PTFE composites onto the counterfaces can be greatly reduced by lubrication with liquid paraffin, but the transfer still takes place. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 69: 1393–1402, 1998     

PTFE/纳米SiC复合材料的摩擦磨损性能研究

利用冷压烧结法制备了不同含量的聚四氟乙烯/纳米碳化硅(PTFE/纳米SiC)复合材料。采用MM-200型摩擦磨损试验机在干摩擦条件下考察了纳米SiC含量及载荷对PTFE/纳米SiC复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响,借助于扫描电子显微镜观察分析了试样磨损表面形貌,并探讨了其磨损机理。结果表明,纳米SiC能够提高PTFE/纳米SiC复合材料的硬度和耐磨性,当纳米SiC质量分数为7%时,PTFE/纳米SiC复合材料的磨损量最小,摩擦系数也最小;随纳米SiC含量的增加,其摩擦系数有所增大;随着载荷的增大,PTFE/纳米SiC复合材料的磨损量增加。