三级生物接触氧化除油生化池的生物膜特性

将生物接触氧化技术用于油田稠油污水的处理,在三级串联运行的生物接触氧化池中,生物膜特性主要由生物膜上原油成分决定。在沿水流方向上,生物膜上易降解原油组分含量降低,难降解组分含量上升,第一级生化池中的生物膜厚度和优势菌种数量明显超过第二级和第三级,藻类主要生长在一级生化池的后部和二、三级生化池中的生物膜上,原生动物出现在二级和三级生化池生物膜上,而后生动物只出现在三级生化池生物膜上。     

生物接触氧化法处理城镇污水技术经济分析

本文论述生物接触氧化法处理城镇污水的技术经济效益及使用不同填料的性能测试比较。     

生物膜冲洗的若干问题探讨

就惠南水厂生物接触氧化池中生物膜冲洗的若干问题进行了探讨.结果表明,惠南水厂生物接触氧化池中生物膜的冲洗应根据其出水NH3-N浓度、对NH3-N的去除率及运行时间共同控制;冲洗方式应以局部冲洗为宜,冲洗间隔为3～5d;冲洗参数可按冲洗历时为10-巧min、冲洗强度为0.7～1.0 m3/(min·m2)来控制.     

生活污水处理厂生物膜技术工艺分析

对生物转盘、生物接触氧化两种生物膜法的污水处理方案进行了分析,分别指出了各种方案的优缺点及应用建议,并通过黑龙江科技大学工程实例,证明了在生物接触氧化池内增加溶解氧变频探头,可降低生物接触氧化法污水处理系统的能耗,提高污水处理效率。     

屠宰废水处理的工程实践

介绍了北京市某肉联厂废水处理工程的工艺参数、调试和运行结果.采用ABR厌氧反应器/二级生物接触氧化处理工艺,出水水质达到北京市<水污染物排放标准>(DB 11/307-2005)排入地表水体及汇水范围的一级B标准.工程实践表明,该处理系统具有处理效果稳定、占地面积小、运行费用低(约为1.10元/m<'3>)等特点.     

超滤膜作载体的生物接触氧化工艺研究

针对经典的污水处理生化工艺的缺陷,提出用超滤膜作载体的生物接触氧化处理工艺,试验结果证明：经初沉处理后的生活污水,当接触时间为３ｈ左右时,ＣＯＤＣＲ、ＢＯＳ５、ＳＳ和ＮＨ３－Ｎ的去除率分别可达８３％、９２％、９４％和６０％左右。理论分析亦表明此法在污水生物处理方面前景良好。     

两级串联生物接触氧化池的生物膜特性

在两级串联运行的生物接触氧化池中,第一级池中的生物膜厚度和活性、优势菌种类和数量明显超过第二级,但原生动物和后生动物数量低于后者。在第一级生物接触氧化池中填料上的生物膜厚度沿水流方向呈逐渐降低的趋势,而在第二级中则呈逐渐升高的趋势。     

气提式接触氧化法处理生活污水的研究

将气提技术与接触氧化法相结合而形成气提式接触氧化工艺。采用该工艺处理生活污水，通过试验确定了其适宜的工艺参数，并分析了工艺运行稳定性、抗冲击负荷能力以及处理成本。结果表明，气提式接触氧化工艺结构紧凑、占地面积少、处理成本低，对COD和NH3-N的平均去除率分别达到了80．1％和58％，出水水质稳定而优良，可用作城市杂用水。同时，污水在池内循环接触填料，可降低填料层的高度。     

洗染废水处理回用研究

本文就洗染废水处理回用进行了深入研究。其内容包含:(1)废水处理回用工艺的选择:具体推出处理回用的工艺流程。(2)混凝剂的选择:经过试验,SAF—1011和SAFM—1511这两种脱水剂的脱水效果最佳,絮体密实、沉降快,上清液清澈透明。由于SAFM—1511使出水硬度有所升高,SAF—1011是最合适的混凝脱色剂。(3)气浮试验结果与分析:列出混凝试验结果与气浮试验结果。(4)废水处理回用研究:列出回用试验结果与染布试验结果。(5)回用工艺的技术经济分析:得出回用成本估算以及经济效益、环境效益和社会效益。     

纺织污水处理厂厌氧水解及接触氧化工艺调试

介绍了空港经济区纺织污水处理厂＂厌氧水解＋接触氧化＋化学混凝法＋沉淀分离＂组合工艺的运行调试过程,针对纺织废水水质间歇性超标、水质波动大以及纺织废水与市政污水的比例波动等问题,通过合理调整气水比、溶解氧、生物膜厚度、加药量等工艺参数,使系统的出水水质达到了设计要求,可为同行业污水处理厂的试运行调试提供参考。     

用物化和生化组合工艺处理印染废水的探讨

介绍了印染废水的来源、水质特点,概括介绍了物化—生化组合处理工艺的工艺流程,以及对原有工艺和现有工艺进行了分析和比较,提出了在印染废水处理中物化处理技术与其他技术组合使用更为经济有效。     

Comparison of the cost of the pressurized wastewater treatment process with other established treatment processes

A biological wastewater treatment unit under the influence of pressure was operated at pressures of up to 6 bar. It was demonstrated the capability of operating effectively with high carbonaceous oxidation and nitrification efficiencies at loadings of up to 13 g BOD m⁻² day. Another advantage of the pressurized treatment unit was observed to be its low sludge production. The cost of the pressurized treatment unit has, however, become an important factor for the applicability of the pressurized treatment unit. An investigation was carried out to determine the approximate cost of a proposed full-scale pressurized unit. The comparison between the pressurized unit and the established treatment processes were made for three populations of 500, 1000 and 3000 persons. The costs were then compared with those of various other conventional biological treatment processes capable of treating an equivalent wastewater load. The conventional processes selected for comparison were the activated sludge, biological filtration and conventional RBC.

The sludge disposal cost for the pressurized unit was appreciably lower than that for the other processes. The results indicated that the cost of the pressurized unit (present value for a 20-yr period) and the costs of the activated sludge and conventional RBC processes were found to be similar for the smaller populations. However, a substantial saving could be obtained with the pressurized unit for the larger populations. In addition, there was an indication that the land requirement of the pressurized treatment unit decreased appreciably as the flow rate increased.     

Fuzzy control of disturbances in a wastewater treatment process

This paper describes a real-time process control scheme to cope with the problem of input disturbances in wastewater treatment processes, based on a fuzzy inferential control system. This can detect the presence of a dangerous input conditions whenever either organic overload or inhibitory/toxic compounds are present in the raw wastewater. Based on this diagnosis, a set of fuzzy rules are implemented to divert the process flow and bring the system back into a safe state. The control system was designed and tested using a pilot plant, to which a toxic disturbance was applied. Its behaviour with and without fuzzy control are compared, and the process reliability improvement in the controlled case is demonstrated.     

生物接触氧化处理工艺中填料处理效果的比较

对生物接触氧化法中采用三种代表性填料处理污水进行了对比研究,探讨了不同填料生物接触氧化法的净化效果的差异性,为生物接触氧化法工艺中填料选用提供了依据。     

膜生物反应器处理造纸废水研究

为了确定针对造纸废水处理的外置式膜生物反应器的最佳运行条件,采用中试膜生物反应器系统处理实际造纸废水,试验对COD和色度的平均去除率分别为93.7%和79.2%,并确定膜组件清洗周期为150 d。     

Feasibility study of moving-fiber biofilm membrane bioreactor for wastewater treatment: process control

Non-biodegradable solid wastes of non-intact membrane fibres/flatsheets and modules disposed from membrane bioreactor (MBR) plants are in a great concern for environmental impact. Estimated cumulative amount of the module solid wastes from European countries in the next five years should be larger than 1000 tons in which a proper management strategy and reuse for the disposed solid waste are urgently required. This article was aimed to propose an alternative to make uses of the non-intact membrane fibres for the aerobic biofilm supports and to study the feasibility on process operation of novel moving-fiber biofilm MBR. A system of moving-fiber biofilm membrane bioreactor was designed and evaluated experimentally, including an upflow anaerobic sludge reactor, an aerobic moving-fiber biofilm reactor, and a submerged membrane filtration unit. Start-up method and operating conditions to control the biofilms growing on the moving fibers were investigated. Organic removal rates, optimum operating conditions for the system, and membrane fouling rates at various membrane aeration rates and permeate fluxes were monitored to evaluate the performance of the proposed BF-MBR process.