数字输出设备线条输出质量测评

为了研究数字输出设备线条的输出质量,设计制作黄、品、青、黑4色不同宽度的横、竖线条测试图样,在两台彩色喷墨打印机上进行彩喷纸和光泽照片纸的打印输出.对输出测试图样的线条属性进行了客观属性指标的测量.测试结果表明：输出的线条宽度总比设计的宽度大;线条的边缘粗糙度与线条的方向相关,竖线条的粗糙度较横线条的大;输出线条边缘的模糊度主要受色墨和纸张的相互作用影响,具有涂层的纸张往往会加剧纸张表面方向的色料扩散,从而增强了线边缘的模糊性.     

喷墨打印纸结构及其打印画面保存性研究进展

为了提高喷墨打印纸的耐水性、耐光性及抗氧化性,以改善打印画面的保存性,从喷墨打印纸的结构出发,分析了各类喷墨打印纸的特性,讨论了提高喷墨打印纸保存性能的方法,如选用自交联树脂或加入氧化铝等有固色作用的添加剂,提高纸张的耐水性能;添加紫外线吸收剂、抗氧化剂以及图像保护层缓解染料衰退;选择纳米颜料型墨水更好地提高图像的耐候性能。这些方法的应用使喷墨打印纸成为"百年相纸",在写真领域有取代传统的银盐相纸的趋势。     

气相二氧化硅在彩色喷墨打印纸涂层中的应用

～、彩色喷墨打印纸的发展状况 随着喷墨打印机、数码相机及扫描仪等的迅速普及，作为图像输出的重要方式——喷墨打印以其低廉的价格及其接近激光打印机的打印质量越来越受到用户的青睐。据报道，全球使用的打印机中72％为喷墨打印机。作为喷墨打印介质的彩色喷墨打印纸的用量逐年增加，据统计2000年喷墨打印专用纸消费量已经达到211万t，而且每年以高于40％的幅度快速增长，彩色喷墨打印纸将进入一个全面增长的发展时期。     

不同纸张对数字输出阶调特性的影响

为了了解不同纸张对数字输出阶调特性的影响,采用CorelDraw软件制作单色色阶测试版,选择常用的普通打印纸、一般照片纸和光泽照片纸在Epson Stylus Photo R250彩色喷墨打印机上进行输出,用DS分光光度仪对输出色阶进行CIEL*a*b*色度值的测量,用色彩管理软件为不同纸张制作特性文件,对不同纸张所能达到的数字输出阶调特性进行定量分析。针对选用的纸张进行测量后得出结论,输出色彩丰富的图像优选的纸张应是光泽照片纸,输出灰度层次丰富的图像可以选择普通打印纸。     

彩色喷墨打印纸涂层技术的研究进展

间隙型彩色喷墨打印纸分为硅系产品和铝系产品,两类产品涂层结构各自具有不同的特性,本文介绍了二氧化硅和三氧化二铝在间隙型喷墨打印纸中的应用,重点分析了彩色喷墨打印纸涂层技术的研究进展以及彩色喷墨打印纸产品在影像质量和产品类型方面的发展趋势。     

多笔画青色文字感知清晰度模型研究

建立了多笔画青色文字感知清晰度模型。针对多笔画文字，选择常用的6．5磅和10．5磅字号黑体，用喷墨打印机分别在具有代表性的16种打印纸上输出。基于ISO13660标准中的线条属性，选取了最能体现文字清晰度的属性指标；通过观察者的主观评价及与属性指标的数学关联，建立了多笔画青色字体感知清晰度的评价模型。结果表明，多笔画青色字体的感知清晰度与文字线条的对比度、粗糙度、模糊度和线宽都相关。其中，对比度对感知清晰度的影响最大，且正相关，对比度越大，感知清晰度越高。而粗糙度、模糊度、线宽与字体的感知清晰度成负相关，字体感知清晰度随着粗糙度、模糊度或线宽的增加，都会有一定程度的降低。     

奥西黑白数字印刷机线条印刷质量的分析

实验对奥西黑白数字印刷机线条印刷质量进行了评价。基于ISO13660标准中的线条属性,选取了对比度、粗糙度、线宽和模糊度4个测试指标。根据所用输出设备的特性和成像机理,设计了含有不同宽度水平和竖直线条的检测图标,并采用以工业CCD光电转换技术为基础的数字印刷质量检测与分析系统,对奥西黑白数字印刷机在不同纸张上印刷的检测图标进行了属性测量和分析。实验结果表明:Oce VarioPrint 2110黑白数字印刷机印刷的线条质量与线条的成像方向密切相关,但与纸张的相关性不大,表明其对纸张有良好的适应性。     

医用数字化图像喷墨打印成像系统

医用数字化图像喷墨打印成像系统包括喷墨打印机、自接收医学DICOM标准图像并转化为普通Windows协议图像格式输出的服务器和喷墨打印胶片。支持黑白和彩色打印,有非常宽的应用范围,可以打印黑白的DR、CR、CT、核磁共振图像,并可以实现彩色输出,也可以打印彩超、CT三维重建等彩色图像。     

数字影像输出方式比较

虽然人们对国际互联网及通过屏幕观看影像谈论得越来越多,但人们对硬拷贝仍有内在需要。 人们需要能分享、能在手中把玩儿,并且随时随地都能观看的东西。因此,从数字文件获得高质量的硬拷贝就很关键。 数字影像的特性包括分辨率、色调还原以及作为影像载体的相纸及其它介质的物理性能。这些物理性能包括相纸或其它介质的质感、厚度、尺寸稳定性、重量以及表面。 输出技术不同,照片密度的表示也方式不同,所以不能仅仅看一种指标。例如同样的分辨率,热升华打印机的影像质量就不一样,还得考虑每个像素承载的信息量。热升华打印机输出的是连续调影像,它的每个像素承载了更多的信息,因此,同样的分辨率,它输出的照片质量比喷墨打印机输出照片的质量要高。这就可以解释为什么要得到照相质量的影像,如果是喷墨打印机需要1200～2400dpi,而如果是热升华打印机,300dpi就够了。 目前,数字影像的硬拷贝输出方式包括：热升化、卤化银、普通喷墨及高级商业喷墨打印。 热升华打印机也叫染料扩散转移打印机或者染料升华打印机,形成的是连续调影像,质量比较高,可以达到照相质量,该照相质量不仅是性能上,也包括照片的外观和质感。 热染料转移照片的寿命可与传统卤化银技术相媲美。照片保存和卤化银照片一样,尽量避免太阳直晒,避免32℃以上的高温。     

硅系喷墨打印纸获得高光泽度的方法研究

本文主要介绍间隙型硅系喷墨打印纸的涂层结构,并制备不同涂层结构的3种喷墨打印纸,对3种喷墨打印纸的光泽度、吸墨性、固墨性、化工成本以及制造工艺进行讨论和比较。研究表明:铸涂纸有最低的化工成本,生产工艺也相对简单,但打印性能欠缺,只适用作低档喷墨打印纸。多层涂布硅系喷墨打印纸打印性能优良,化工成本较高,适用作高档喷墨打印纸。     

Comparison of color gamuts among several types of paper with the same printing technology

In this work, we have studied the relationship among the colorimetric properties of different types of paper, having different finishing and grammage. Their color reproduction capability has also been analyzed by using the same printing technology (inkjet printing). On the one hand, we have plotted CIELAB data under the illuminant D50 into constant lightness and hue‐angle planes to be compared with MacAdam limits and with Pointer's real‐world surface color. On the other hand, we have calculated the volume gamut of the color solid associated to each color paper gamut. Analyzing the results, we have checked that there is not any clear relationship among the colorimetric properties of paper (for instance, CIE whiteness index, etc.) and the color gamut volume associated. However, the colorimetric parameters associated to the printed sample showed a quite good linear correlation between the minimum lightness (or the maximum blackness value) of the printed color chart and the color gamut volume. In particular, the greatest color gamut volume corresponds to the glossy papers taking into account this correlation for inkjet printing. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 34, 330–336, 2009     

反应喷墨打印技术及其在功能材料领域的研究进展

反应喷墨打印技术作为喷墨打印电子技术的重要分支,因其可以在沉积材料的同时可得到器件而受到人们的广泛关注.本文详细阐述了反应喷墨打印技术在功能材料制备领域,特别是在金属材料、高分子材料、无机材料等方面的研究进展,说明了反应喷墨打印用墨水是未来喷墨印刷电子研究的关键技术之一,简要介绍了反应喷墨打印技术与三维打印的联系,指出其在金属电路、有机发光二极管等印刷电子产业领域有广阔的应用前景.     

Product design: Metal nanoparticle‐based conductive inkjet inks

A systematic procedure that provides an efficient workflow for formulating conductive inks is developed. Qualitative product attributes of the inkjet ink are first identified and transformed into quantitative product specifications. Ingredients are then selected based on heuristics, mechanistic, and empirical models to meet the product specifications. Printability checks based on theoretical criteria are used to ensure that stable droplets can in principle be formed and coalesced properly to form a printed line of ink. Then, the conductive ink is prepared and printed to evaluate the performance of the inkjet ink experimentally. An example of preparing a copper ink for inkjet printing is used to illustrate the systematic procedure. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 62: 2740–2753, 2016     

A Novel Polymeric Substrate with Dual-Porous Structures for High-Performance Inkjet-Printed Flexible Electronic Devices

Inkjet printing has emerged as a promising low-cost and high-performance method for manufacturing printing-based devices. However, the development of optimized substrates for inkjet printing using novel materials is limited. In this study, a novel polymeric substrate optimized for flexible electronic devices is fabricated using thin-film processing and phase inversion of polyethersulfone (PES). The PES film consists of two layers of pores; the upper layer has nano-sized pores that filter the nanoparticles in the conductive ink and allow for high-density aggregation on the substrate, while the lower layer contains micro-scale pores that quickly absorb and drain the ink solvent. The two porous structures lead to higher conductivity and high-resolution printed patterns by minimizing solvent lateral diffusion. Additionally, the PES printing substrate can undergo high-temperature curing of metal nanoparticles, enabling high-resolution pattern printing with low resistance. The PES substrate is highly transparent and flexible, allowing for the fabrication of various printed electronic patterns and the production of high-performance flexible electronic devices.     

Some properties of a thickener for preparing inkjet printing ink for nylon carpet

The properties of a thickener for nylon carpet inkjet printing are presented in this work. A water-based ink was prepared from polyacrylate-based thickener. The physical and chemical properties of the polyacrylate-based thickener used for preparing the inkjet printing ink, as well as its printing effects on carpet, were investigated. Before printing, the properties of the ink, including its surface tension, electrolyte resistance, storage stability, and percentage removal, were investigated. After printing, the efficiency of coloration of printed carpet and the fastness of printed carpet were studied. The results concerning the surface tension and percentage removal of printing ink show that the polyacrylate-based thickener printing ink is suitable for nylon carpet inkjet printing. Meanwhile, its storage stability and electrolyte resistance make it suitable for printing. The efficiency of coloration of printed carpet and the fastness of printed carpet satisfy the requirements of application at appropriate ink concentration and viscosity.     

Novel Insights into Inkjet Printed Silver Nanowires Flexible Transparent Conductive Films

Silver nanowire (AgNWs) inks for inkjet printing were prepared and the effects of the solvent system, wetting agent, AgNWs suspension on the viscosity, surface tension, contact angle between ink droplet and poly(ethylene) terephthalate (PET) surface, and pH value of AgNWs ink were discussed. Further, AgNWs flexible transparent conductive films were fabricated by using inkjet printing process on the PET substrate, and the effects of the number printing layer, heat treatment temperature, drop frequency, and number of nozzle on the microstructures and photoelectric properties of AgNWs films were investigated in detail. The experimental results demonstrated that the 14-layer AgNWs printed film heated at 60 °C and 70 °C had an average sheet resistance of 13 Ω∙sq⁻¹ and 23 Ω∙sq⁻¹ and average transparency of 81.9% and 83.1%, respectively, and displayed good photoelectric performance when the inkjet printing parameters were set to the voltage of 20 V, number of nozzles of 16, drop frequency of 7000 Hz, droplet spacing of 15 μm, PET substrate temperatures of 40 °C and nozzles of 35 °C during printing, and heat treatment at 60 °C for 20 min. The accumulation and overflow of AgNWs at the edges of the linear pattern were observed, which resulted in a decrease in printing accuracy. We successfully printed the heart-shaped pattern and then demonstrated that it could work well. This showed that the well-defined pattern with good photoelectric properties can be obtained by using an inkjet printing process with silver nanowires ink as inkjet material.     

A Study into the Influence of Paper Coatings on Paper Properties and Print Quality of Dye Sublimation Thermal Prints

The need for good quality paper for dye sublimation transfer printing has been reported previously as a principal requirement for the process. Pigmented coated papers have gained acceptance in the traditional paper printing industry, but, despite their importance, have inspired very few reports in literature about their application in heat transfer printing.

In the current work, we studied the influence of both clay and ground calcium carbonate (GCC) pigments and the incorporation of plastic pigment on the surface structure and mechanical properties of the coated paper used for transfer printing. The results showed that paper coating significantly reduced the surface roughness of the paper. The mechanical properties of the prepared coated paper, including tensile strength, stretch, tensile energy absorption (TEA), and burst index, were improved when coated compared to those of uncoated paper. The addition of plastic pigment to the coating mixture helped improve the paper's properties.

The optical density of the transfer-printed polyester fabric using the prepared coated paper was also compared with that of uncoated paper. It was shown that a slight increase in optical density was evident in the coated paper.

The possibility of producing a second polyester print from the exhaust paper was also investigated. Coated paper incorporating plastic pigment, in particular, showed higher optical density than did uncoated paper.

We found that coated paper based on clay, GCC, clay/plastic pigment, or GCC/plastic pigment consumed less dye paste than uncoated paper though producing printed fabric with higher optical density—especially in the second print.     

Direct patterning of silver particles on porous silicon by inkjet printing of a silver salt via in-situ reduction

ABSTRACT: We have developed a method for obtaining a direct pattern of silver nanoparticles (NPs) on porous silicon (p-Si) by means of inkjet printing (IjP) of a silver salt. Silver NPs were obtained by p-Si mediated in-situ reduction of Ag+ cations using solutions based on AgNO3 which were directly printed on p-Si according to specific geometries and process parameters. The main difference with respect to existing literature is that normally, inkjet printing is applied to silver (metal) NP suspensions, while in our experiment the NPs are formed after jetting the solution on the reactive substrate. We performed both optical and scanning electron microscopes on the NPs traces, correlating the morphology features with the IjP parameters, giving an insight on the synthesis kinetics. The patterned NPs show good performances as SERS substrates.     

Effect of texture on color variation in inkjet‐printed woven textiles

Inkjet‐printed textiles are influenced by a wide range of parameters due to highly diverse textile structures and the resulting textures. The goal of this study is to understand the effect of texture on color appearance in inkjet‐printed woven textiles. Cotton‐woven samples were constructed with nine different weave structures. Each sample was digitally printed with identical squares of primary colors cyan, magenta, and yellow and secondary colors red, green, and blue. The amount of ink applied was controlled consistently with an image editing software. CIE L* values were calculated from the measured reflectance. 25 observers ranked the perceived texture and color lightness of each sample. Perceived visual texture and perceived color lightness scales were estimated from the rankings using the rank order method. The measured CIE L* values and the scale of perceived lightness were positively related for the primary and secondary colors. Instrumental measurements of the textile surface characteristics were positively related to the visual scale. Texture was demonstrated to cause a measurable effect on color results in inkjet printing, both using instrumental and perceptual measures. To investigate if the color differences were substantial enough to cause “out of tolerance” ratings in textiles based on common textile industry color acceptance procedures, color differences among the samples were calculated and compared to a reference sample. Results demonstrated that color variation due to texture was sufficient to lead to rejection of a printed color in comparison to a color specification. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 40, 297–303, 2015     

Microstructure and microwave properties of inkjet printed barium strontium titanate thick-films for tunable microwave devices

Barium strontium titanate (BST) is a promising material for passive tunable microwave devices such as phase shifters, tunable filters or tunable matching networks. This publication covers the preparation of BST thick-films for microwave applications through inkjet printing. A Ba_0.6Sr_0.4TiO₃ ink was prepared, printed on alumina substrates and sintered at temperatures between 1100 °C and 1200 °C. The microstructure of the thick-films reveals the evolution of grain growth and porosity with increasing sintering temperature. Furthermore, a reaction with the substrate was observed for T ≥ 1175 °C. A maximum tunability of 36% was observed at temperatures right below the onset of the substrate reactions. This process conditions were used for the preparation of a loaded line phase shifter, which successfully shows the capability of the inkjet printing process for future microwave device fabrication.