On the automorphism group of a binary self-dual [120, 60, 24] code

We prove that an automorphism of order 3 of a putative binary self-dual $[120, 60, 24]$ [ 120 , 60 , 24 ] code $C$ C has no fixed points. Moreover, the order of the automorphism group of $C$ C divides $2^a\cdot 3 \cdot 5\cdot 7\cdot 19\cdot 23\cdot 29$ 2 a · 3 · 5 · 7 · 19 · 23 · 29 with $a\in \mathbb N _0$ a ∈ N 0 . Automorphisms of odd composite order $r$ r may occur only for $r=15, 57$ r = 15 , 57 or $r=115$ r = 115 with corresponding cycle structures $3 \cdot 5$ 3 · 5 - $(0,0,8;0), 3\cdot 19$ ( 0 , 0 , 8 ; 0 ) , 3 · 19 - $(2,0,2;0)$ ( 2 , 0 , 2 ; 0 ) or $5 \cdot 23$ 5 · 23 - $(1,0,1;0)$ ( 1 , 0 , 1 ; 0 ) respectively. In case that all involutions act fixed point freely we have $|\mathrm{Aut}(C)| \le 920$ | Aut ( C ) | ≤ 920 , and $\mathrm{Aut}(C)$ Aut ( C ) is solvable if it contains an element of prime order $p \ge 7$ p ≥ 7 . Moreover, the alternating group $\mathrm{A}_5$ A 5 is the only non-abelian composition factor which may occur in $\mathrm{Aut}(C)$ Aut ( C ) .     

Measurement and Modeling of Water-Vapor Diffusion in Elastomers with Impact in Humidity and Vacuum Measurements

The dynamics of water-vapor dissolution in Viton O-rings is measured with a gravimetric method using a precise mass comparator. A sample gasket was degassed in high vacuum for a sufficiently long period to remove more than 99 % of the dissolved water vapor. After that, it was exposed to the ambient atmosphere with a controlled temperature, and relative humidity and water-vapor uptake curves were measured gravimetrically with a precise balance. The dynamics of a water-vapor release into vacuum from another sample that was previously saturated with water vapor at room temperature was determined. The sample was placed in a vacuum outgassing rate measurement apparatus. The time dependence of the evolved water vapor was calculated by integrating the measured outgassing rate. The physical process of water absorption can be described by the diffusion equation. The geometry of the samples required solving the diffusion equation in cylindrical coordinates. This was done numerically using a finite-difference method. As a result of the modeling, room temperature values of the diffusion constant $D$ D , the solubility $s$ s , and the permeability $K = D\times s$ K = D × s of water vapor in the sample material (Viton A-401C) were obtained. For sample 1, we obtained $D = 8.0 \times 10 ^{-8}$ D = 8.0 × 10 ? 8  cm $^{2}\,\,{\cdot }\,\,$ 2 · s $^{-1}$ ? 1 and $s = 6.5 \times 10^{-7}$ s = 6.5 × 10 ? 7  g $\,{\cdot }\,$ · cm $^{-3}\,{\cdot }\,$ ? 3 · Pa $^{-1}$ ? 1 , while for sample 2, $D = 3.0 \times 10^{-7}$ D = 3.0 × 10 ? 7  cm $^{2}\,{\cdot }\,$ 2 · s $^{-1}$ ? 1 and $s = 3.5 \times 10^{-7}$ s = 3.5 × 10 ? 7  g $\,{\cdot }\,$ · cm $^{-3}\,{\cdot }\,$ ? 3 · Pa $^{-1}$ ? 1 .     

Thermal Conductivity of Standard Sands. Part III. Full Range of Saturation

The thermal conductivity $(\lambda )$ ( λ ) of three unsaturated standard quartz sands (Ottawa C-109 and C-190, and Toyoura) was measured by a transient thermal-conductivity probe, at room temperature of approximately $25\,^{\circ }\text{ C }$ 25 ° C and at loose and tight compactions. The measurements were carried out at different degrees of saturation $(S_\mathrm{r})$ ( S r ) from dryness to full saturation. In general, a sharp $\lambda $ λ increase was observed at low $S_\mathrm{r}$ S r , followed by a moderate rise until full saturation. However, experiments on loosely compacted C-190 samples revealed $\lambda $ λ deviation from a general trend ( $\lambda $ λ vs $S_\mathrm{r})$ S r ) caused by water percolation. Alternatively, successful experiments were carried out on loosely packed unsaturated C-190 samples using 1 % agar gel. For loosely compacted C-109 and Toyoura, $\lambda $ λ data obtained from 1 % agar gel closely agreed with $\lambda $ λ data for water as a saturation medium. The measured data were used to verify a model by de Vries for unsaturated soils. The model largely underestimates experimental data at $S_\mathrm{r}<0.5$ S r < 0.5 and produces an overall root-mean-square error of about $0.2\, \text{ W }~{\cdot }~\text{ m }^{-1}~{\cdot }~\text{ K }^{-1}$ 0.2 W · m ? 1 · K ? 1 . Measured $\lambda $ λ data agreed with data by a steady-state technique (a guarded hot-plate apparatus) at dryness and full saturation and exceeded the steady-state data in the unsaturated region. However, TCP data can be considered more reliable due to a lower temperature increase during $\lambda $ λ measurements and a shorter testing time. Consequently, in the case of unsaturated soils, evaporation and migration of water and steam can be avoided.     

Liquidus Temperatures and Thermodynamic Properties of the KCl–\mathrm{{KNO}}_{2}, NaCl–\mathrm{{NaNO}}_{2}, and \mathrm{{KNO}}_{2}–\mathrm {NaNO}_{2} Systems

Potassium nitrite is very sensitive to temperature, humidity, and the atmosphere, so few studies have been made in this field for the thermodynamic properties of molten salt with nitrite salt. In this article, the liquidus curves of NaCl– $\mathrm{{NaNO}}_{2}$ NaNO 2 , KCl– $\mathrm{{KNO}}_{2}$ KNO 2 , and $\mathrm {NaNO}_{2}$ NaNO 2 – $\mathrm{{KNO}}_{2}$ KNO 2 are calculated by a simple “hard-sphere” ionic interaction model. The calculated liquidus temperatures show good agreement with experimental values, which implies an ideal mixing enthalpy and entropy for the liquid binary systems. In addition to the phase equilibrium data and experimental thermochemical properties of molten salt systems, the activities of these binary systems are determined by the phase diagrams and the analytical integration of the classical Gibbs–Duhem equation.     

Optimal (v,5,2,1) optical orthogonal codes of small v

We classify up to multiplier equivalence optimal $(v, 5, 2, 1)$ ( v , 5 , 2 , 1 ) optical orthogonal codes (OOC) with $v\le 114$ v ≤ 114 . Examples of optimal $(v, 5, 2, 1)$ ( v , 5 , 2 , 1 ) OOCs are presented for all $v\le 155$ v ≤ 155 , for which an optimal OOC exists.     

Density, Viscosity, Sound Speed, and Thermoacoustical Parameters of Benzaldehyde with Chlorobenzene or Nitrobenzene at 303.15 K, 308.15 K, and 313.15 K

The values of the density, viscosity, and speed of sound for binary liquid mixtures of benzaldehyde with chlorobenzene or nitrobenzene have been measured over the entire range of composition at (303.15, 308.15, and 313.15) K. These values have been used to calculate the excess molar volume ( $V^\mathrm{E}$ V E ), and excess free volume ( $V_\mathrm{f}^\mathrm{E}$ V f E ). McAllister’s three-body interaction model is used for correlating the kinematic viscosity of binary mixtures. The thermophysical properties (density, viscosity, and ultrasonic velocity) under study were fit to the Jouyban–Acree model.     

Photoacoustic Measurement of Thermal Properties of Co–Ni–Li Ferrite Nanoparticles

A simple home-made open photoacoustic cell is used for measuring some of the thermal properties of nanoparticles of $\mathrm{{Co}}_{0.5}\mathrm{{Ni}}_{0.5\text{-- }2{x}}\mathrm{{Li}}_x\text{ Fe }_{2+{x}}\mathrm{{O}}_{4}$ Co 0.5 Ni 0.5 -- 2 x Li x Fe 2 + x O 4 (with $x$ x ranging from 0.00 to 0.25 in steps of 0.05) prepared by the citrate precursor method. The influence of sintering temperatures on the thermal properties of a selected sample for $x=0.25$ x = 0.25 was also investigated. The thermal-diffusivity and thermal-effusivity measurements of the investigated samples are obtained by measuring the photoacoustic signal as a function of the modulated frequency depending on the existence of a reference sample. The thermal diffusivity of the as-prepared samples decreases as the $\mathrm{{Li}}^{1+}$ Li 1 + content increases except for the samples for $x=0.15$ x = 0.15 and $x=0.20$ x = 0.20 . These exceptions may be due to a better magnetic ordering in these samples leading to reduced phonon scattering and a higher thermal diffusivity. Finally, the thermal diffusivity of the sintered samples increases as the sintering temperature increases due to the increase in grain size.     

Effect of Previous Milling of Precursors on Magnetoelectric Effect in Multiferroic {\mathrm{Bi}_{5}\mathrm{Ti}_{3}\mathrm{FeO}_{15}} Ceramic

$\mathrm{Bi}_{5}\mathrm{Ti}_{3}\mathrm{FeO}_{15}$ Bi 5 Ti 3 FeO 15 magnetoelectric (ME) ceramics have been synthesized and investigated. The ME effect can be described as an induced electric polarization under an external magnetic field or an induced magnetization under an external electric field. The materials in the ME effect are called ME materials, and they are considered to be a kind of new promising materials for sensors, processors, actuators, and memory systems. Multiferroics, the materials in which both ferromagnetism and ferroelectricity can coexist, are the prospective candidates which can potentially host the gigantic ME effect. $\mathrm{Bi}_{5}\mathrm{Ti}_{3}\mathrm{FeO}_{15}$ Bi 5 Ti 3 FeO 15 , an Aurivillius compound, was synthesized by sintering a mixture of $\mathrm{Bi}_{2}\mathrm{O}_{3}, \mathrm{Fe}_{2}\mathrm{O}_{3}$ Bi 2 O 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , and $\mathrm{TiO}_{2}$ TiO 2 oxides. The precursor materials were prepared in a high-energy attritorial mill for (1, 5, and 10) h. The orthorhombic $\mathrm{Bi}_{5}\mathrm{Ti}_{3}\mathrm{FeO}_{15}$ Bi 5 Ti 3 FeO 15 ceramics were obtained by a solid-state reaction process at 1313 K. The ME voltage coefficient ( $\alpha _\mathrm{ME}$ α ME ) was measured using the dynamic lock-in method. The highest ME voltage coefficient ( $\alpha _\mathrm{ME} = 8.28\,\text{ mV }{\cdot }\text{ cm }^{-1}{\cdot }\text{ Oe }^{-1})$ α ME = 8.28 mV · cm ? 1 · Oe ? 1 ) is obtained for the sample milled for 1 h at $H_\mathrm{DC }= 4$ H DC = 4  Oe (1 Oe = 79.58  $\text{ A }{\cdot }\text{ m }^{-1})$ A · m ? 1 ) .     

Permutation decoding of codes from generalized Paley graphs

The generalized Paley graphs $\text{ GP }(q,k)$ GP ( q , k ) are a generalization of the well-known Paley graphs. Codes derived from the row span of adjacency and incidence matrices from Paley graphs have been studied in Ghinellie and Key (Adv Math Commun 5(1):93–108, 2011) and Key and Limbupasiriporn (Congr Numer 170:143–155, 2004). We examine the binary codes associated with the incidence designs of the generalized Paley graphs obtaining the code parameters $[\frac{qs}{2}, q-1, s]$ [ q s 2 , q - 1 , s ] or $[qs, q-1,2s]$ [ q s , q - 1 , 2 s ] where $s=\frac{q-1}{k}$ s = q - 1 k . By finding explicit PD-sets we show that these codes can be used for permutation decoding.     

An analytical approach and experimental confirmation of dislocation–twin boundary interactions in titanium

The morphology of $ \{ 10\overline{1} 2\} \left\langle {\overline{1} 011} \right\rangle $ { 10 1 ¯ 2 } 〈 1 ¯ 011 〉 deformation twins formed in commercial purity titanium during an initial pass of equal-channel angular pressing was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The corresponding diffraction patterns show a symmetry line splitting of $ (10\overline{1} 2) $ ( 10 1 ¯ 2 ) twin boundaries (TB) which is related to the presence of interfacial defects. A simple modeling for the interaction between non-screw a-slip lattice dislocations (Burgers vector b =  $ \frac{1}{3}[\overline{1} \overline{1} 20] $ 1 3 [ 1 ¯ 1 ¯ 20 ] ) and the $ (10\overline{1} 2) $ ( 10 1 ¯ 2 ) twin plane is used according to crystallographic geometry and vector conservation. The results show that dislocation dissociation into different Frank partial dislocations on the interfacial plane is more favorable than its transmission to the other side of the interface. The formation of the Frank partials at the TB can produce a small change in the TB misorientation angle and this is consistent with the symmetry line splitting of the $ (10\overline{1} 2) $ ( 10 1 ¯ 2 ) twin boundaries observed by TEM.     

On optimal binary codes with unbalanced coordinates

A coordinate of a binary code of size M is said to be balanced if the number of zero and ones in the coordinate is either $\lfloor M/2\rfloor $ ? M / 2 ? or $\lceil M/2 \rceil $ ? M / 2 ? (that is, exactly $M/2$ M / 2 for even M). Since good codes (of various types) tend to be balanced in all coordinates, various conjectures have been made regarding the existence of such codes. It is here shown that there are parameters for which there are no optimal binary error-correcting codes with a balanced coordinate. This is proved by the code attaining $A(17,8) = 36$ A ( 17 , 8 ) = 36 , which is shown to be unique here; $A(n,d)$ A ( n , d ) denotes the maximum size of a binary code of length n and minimum distance d. It is further shown that $A(18,8) \le 68$ A ( 18 , 8 ) ≤ 68 .     

Electrolytic Conductivity of Four Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids

In this article, electrolytic (ionic) conductivity measurements of four ionic liquids (ILs), namely, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl] imide ([C $_{2}$ 2 mim][NTf $_{2}$ 2 ]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate ([C $_{2}$ 2 mim][OTf]), 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide ([C $_{6}$ 6 mim][NTf $_{2}$ 2 ]), and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethyl sulfate ([C $_{2}$ 2 mim][EtSO $_{4}$ 4 ]) (ECOENG212 $^\circledR $ ® ), were performed in a temperature range of (288.15 to 333.15) K. [C $_{6}$ 6 mim][NTf $_{2}$ 2 ] was chosen to be a reference ionic liquid for several properties, including the electrolytic conductivity by the IUPAC Project 2002-005-1-100. For that reason, the measurements performed with that ionic liquid primarily serve the purpose to validate the instrumentation and the experimental procedure used in this work. The measurements were carried out using a complex impedance method, applying a novel electronic device designed and constructed for this purpose. The complete setup includes a Schott Instruments LF 913 T, used as a four-electrode conductivity cell, and a lock-in amplifier. The cell was calibrated using standard reference KCl aqueous solutions. The measurements of the impedance of the conductivity cell were carried out along a range of frequencies from (0.2 to 30) kHz, and the results were extrapolated to infinite frequency, in order to determine the electrolytic conductivity of the liquid samples. The results obtained for the ionic liquid [C $_{6}$ 6 mim][NTf $_{2}$ 2 ] were compared to reference data, and it was estimated that the overall uncertainty of the present results is better than 2 %. All the data obtained were compared with available literature data, and were analyzed and discussed in respect to the effect of temperature, cation alkyl chain length, and anion.     

A Study of Some Thermophysical Parameters in Glassy \mathrm{{Se}}_{80}\mathrm{{Te}}_{20} and \mathrm{{Se}}_{80}\mathrm{{Te}}_{10}\mathrm{{M}}_{10} (Cd, In, and Sb) Alloys

The present paper reports a comparative study of some thermophysical properties (thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, thermal effusivity, and specific heat per unit volume) for $\mathrm{{Se}}_{80}\mathrm{{Te}}_{20}$ Se 80 Te 20 and $\mathrm{{Se}}_{80}\mathrm{{Te}}_{10}\mathrm{{M}}_{10}$ Se 80 Te 10 M 10 (Cd, In, and Sb) alloys. The transient plane source technique is used for this purpose. The thermal conductivity is highest for $\mathrm{{Se}}_{80}\mathrm{{Te}}_{10}\mathrm{{In}}_{10}$ Se 80 Te 10 In 10 as compared to the other ternary alloys. This is explained in terms of the thermal conductivity of additive elements Cd, In, and Sb. The composition dependence of the thermal diffusivity and specific heat per unit volume is also discussed.     

Pressure Dependence of Melting Temperature of Iron at the Earth’s Core Conditions

A semi-empirical relation to compute the pressure dependence of the melting temperature, $T_\mathrm{m}(P)$ T m ( P ) , is derived in terms of the bulk modulus, Grüneisen parameter, and their first derivative with pressure. It is used to compute $T_\mathrm{m}(P)$ T m ( P ) for iron for pressures ranging up to 350 GPa at conditions relevant to the Earth’s core. The computed results are in excellent agreement with the values obtained from first principle calculations.     

Experimental Measurements of Thermophysical Properties of \mathrm{Al}_{2}\mathrm{O}_{3}– and \mathrm{TiO}_{2}–Ethylene Glycol Nanofluids

This paper presents measurements of the thermal conductivity and the dynamic viscosity of $\mathrm{Al}_{2}\mathrm{O}_{3}$ Al 2 O 3 –ethylene glycol and $\mathrm{TiO}_{2}$ TiO 2 –ethylene glycol (1 % to 3 % particle volume fraction) nanofluids carried out in the temperature range from $0\,^{\circ }$ 0 ° C to $50\,^{\circ }$ 50 ° C. The thermal-conductivity measurements were performed by using a transient hot-disk TPS 2500S apparatus instrumented with a 7577 probe (2.001 mm in radius) having a maximum uncertainty $(k=2)$ ( k = 2 ) lower than 5.0 % of the reading. The dynamic-viscosity measurements and the rheological analysis were carried out by a rotating disk type rheometer Haake Mars II instrumented with a single-cone probe (60 mm in diameter and $1^{\circ }$ 1 ° ) having a maximum uncertainty $(k=2)$ ( k = 2 ) lower than 5.0 % of the reading. The thermal-conductivity measurements of the tested nanofluids show a great sensitivity to particle volume fraction and a lower sensitivity to temperature: $\mathrm{TiO}_{2}$ TiO 2 –ethylene glycol and $\mathrm{Al}_{2}\mathrm{O}_{3}$ Al 2 O 3 –ethylene glycol nanofluids show a thermal-conductivity enhancement (with respect to pure ethylene glycol) from 1 % to 19.5 % and from 9 % to 29 %, respectively. $\mathrm{TiO}_{2}$ TiO 2 –ethylene glycol and $\mathrm{Al}_{2}\mathrm{O}_{3}$ Al 2 O 3 –ethylene glycol nanofluids exhibit Newtonian behavior in all the investigated temperature and particle volume fraction ranges. The relative viscosity shows a great sensitivity to the particle volume fraction and weak or no sensitivity to temperature: $\mathrm{TiO}_{2}$ TiO 2 –ethylene glycol and $\mathrm{Al}_{2}\mathrm{O}_{3}$ Al 2 O 3 –ethylene glycol nanofluids show a dynamic viscosity increase with respect to ethylene glycol from (4 to 5) % to 30 % and from 14 % to 50 %, respectively. Present experimental measurements were compared both with available measurements carried out by different researchers and computational models for thermophysical properties of nanofluids.     

Density dependent macro-micro behavior of granular materials in general triaxial loading for varying intermediate principal stress using DEM

This study presents the density dependent behavior of granular materials for varying intermediate principal stress $(\sigma _{{{2}}})$ ( σ 2 ) in general triaxial loading using the discrete element method (DEM). The variation of intermediate principal stress is represented by a non-dimensional parameter $b[={(\sigma _{{{2}}}-\sigma _{{{3}}})}/{(\sigma _{{{1}}} -\sigma _{{{3}}})}]$ b [ = ( σ 2 ? σ 3 ) / ( σ 1 ? σ 3 ) ] , where $\sigma _{{{1}}}$ σ 1 and $\sigma _{{{3}}}$ σ 3 are the major and minor principal stresses, respectively. Isotropically compressed dense and loose samples were prepared numerically using the periodic boundaries. The numerical dense and loose samples were subjected to shear deformation under strain controlled condition for different $b$ b values ranging from 0 to 1. The simulated macro results depict that the friction angle increases with $b$ b until it reaches a peak value and beyond the peak, the friction angle decreases with $b$ b regardless of the density of sample. A unique relationship between dilatancy index and equivalent deviatoric strain exists at small strain level for different $b$ b values when dense sample is considered. By contrast, the same relationship for loose sample does not show uniqueness. The relationships among the major, intermediate and minor principal strains depict non-linear behavior. The non-linearity is dominant for loose sample. The fluctuation in the evolution of strain increment vector direction is dominant in loose sample than dense sample. The evolution of different micro results is presented as well. It is noted that a unique relationship exists between the stress ratio and the fabric measure regardless of $b$ b and the density of sample when strong contacts are considered.     

Generalized Wien’s Displacement Law in Determining the True Temperature of \text{ ZrB }_{2}–SiC-Based Ultrahigh-Temperature Ceramic: Thermodynamics of Thermal Radiation

The temperature dependence of the generalized Wien displacement law is investigated. For determining the true temperature of a $\text{ ZrB }_{2}$ ZrB 2 –SiC-based ultrahigh-temperature ceramic, the experimental values of the position of the maximum of the spectral density power are needed. Thermodynamics of the thermal radiation of $\text{ ZrB }_{2}$ ZrB 2 –SiC is constructed by using the temperature dependence of the generalized Stefan–Boltzmann law. The calculated values of the normal total emissivity for $\text{ ZrB }_{2}$ ZrB 2 –SiC at different temperatures are in good agreement with experimental data. The total radiation power emitted from a surface of $\text{ ZrB }_{2}$ ZrB 2 –SiC specimens at different temperatures is calculated. The temperature dependences of the Helmholtz free energy, entropy, heat capacity at constant volume, pressure, enthalpy, and internal energy of the thermal radiation of $\text{ ZrB }_{2}$ ZrB 2 –SiC are obtained. For determining the true temperature, experimental values of either the normal total emissivity or the normal total energy density are needed. The uncertainty in the determination of the true temperature is no greater than 1 %. A new universality class of bodies with a new relationship between the temperature $T$ T and the position of the spectral energy density maximum is established.     

Thermopower Properties of Ferromagnetic/Insulator/Ferromagnetic Tunnel Junction

The thermal conductance, thermopower, and figure of merit in the ferromagnetic/insulator/ferromagnetic tunnel junction are investigated by using the nonequilibrium Green’s function technique. The magnetic regions are treated as band ferromagnetic and are described by using the single-band Hubbard model; the insulator region and the hybridization between neighboring regions are also described, respectively, by using a quantum microscopic model. It was found that the strength of the thermal conductance, the thermopower, and the figure of merit increased with the increase of the level of the left ferromagnet $\varepsilon _{k_\mathrm{L}}$ ε k L and the temperature $T.$ T . Finally, the calculated results of thermal properties are explained theoretically.     

Transfer Partial Molar Isentropic Compressibilities of (l-Alanine/l-Glutamine/Glycylglycine) from Water to 0.512 {\mathrm{mol}}\!\cdot \!{\mathrm{kg}}^{-1} Aqueous {\mathrm{KNO}}_{3}/0.512\, {\mathrm{mol}}\!\cdot \! {\mathrm{kg}}^{-1} Aqueous {\mathrm{K}}_{2}{\mathrm{SO}}_{4} Solutions Between 298.15 K and 323.15 K

Speeds of sound of (l-alanine/l-glutamine/glycylglycine $\,+\, 0.512\, {\mathrm{mol}}\cdot {\mathrm{kg}}^{-1}$ + 0.512 mol · kg ? 1 aqueous ${\mathrm{KNO}}_{3}/0.512\, {\mathrm{mol}}\cdot {\mathrm{kg}}^{-1}$ KNO 3 / 0.512 mol · kg ? 1 aqueous ${\mathrm{K}}_{2}{\mathrm{SO}}_{4}$ K 2 SO 4 ) systems have been measured for several molal concentrations of amino acid/peptide at different temperatures: $T$ T = (298.15 to 323.15) K. Using the speed-of-sound and density data, the parameters, partial molar isentropic compressibilities $\phi _{\kappa }^{0}$ ? κ 0 and transfer partial molar isentropic compressibilities $\Delta _{\mathrm{tr}} \phi _{\kappa }^{0}$ Δ tr ? κ 0 , have been computed. The trends of variation of $\phi _{\kappa }^{0}$ ? κ 0 and $\Delta _{\mathrm{tr}} \phi _{\kappa }^{0}$ Δ tr ? κ 0 with changes in molal concentration of the solute and temperature have been discussed in terms of zwitterion–ion, zwitterion–water dipole, ion–water dipole, and ion–ion interactions operative in the systems.