Phenolics, betacyanins and antioxidant activity in Opuntia joconostle fruits

Sour prickly pears (xoconostles) are fruits from Opuntia joconostle cactus, which are cultivated in the central Mexico area. Phenolic and pigment content in various parts of O. joconostle fruits were analyzed. The antioxidant activity of a methanolic extraction and different semi-purified fractions were also evaluated by the DPPH⁺ method. Xoconostle fruits were obtained from a commercial orchard in Mexico State. Fruits were analyzed as whole fruit and each fruit part including pericarp, mesocarp and endocarp. Samples were homogenized and kept at 4 °C until sample preparation. Total phenolic content and total flavonoid content varied among the different parts of the fruit. The highest amount of phenolic compounds and total flavonoids content were found in pericarp 2.07 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g fresh weight (FW) and 0.46 mg(+)-catechin equivalents (CE)/g FW respectively. Seven phenolics were identified as protocatechuic, 4-hydroxybenzoic, caffeic, vanillic and syringic acids, rutin, and quercetin. The color of the fruit parts was mainly due to the presence of betacyanins. The betacyanin concentration was higher in the endocarp (23.03 mg betanin equivalents/100 g fresh weight) than in the pericarp and mesocarp. Betacyanins were identified by HPLC-PDA-MS as betanin, isobetanin, betanidin, isobetanidin, and phyllocactin. Methanolic extracts and semi-purified fractions A (phenolics and flavonols) and B (betacyanins) of xoconostle showed high antioxidant activity mainly in the pericarp. These results suggest that xoconostle is a rich source of antioxidant compounds such as phenolic compounds and betacyanins.     

Chemical characterization and antioxidant capacity of berries from Clidemia rubra (Aubl.) Mart. (Melastomataceae)

The flora of Latin America attracts gaining interest as it provides a plethora of still unexplored or under-utilized fruits that can contribute to human well-being due to their nutritional value and their content of bioactive compounds. Clidemia rubra (Aubl.) Mart. is a shrub belonging to the family of the Melastomataceae that grows preferably in a tropical climate. This paper comprises a nutritional characterization of the berries from Clidemia rubra and provides data on the phenolic compounds as well as the antioxidant capacity of the fruit. Findings in macronutrients like protein, carbohydrates, and fat were comparable to that of common berry fruits. Clidemia rubra berries seemed to be a good source for dietary fibers and some minerals (Ca, Mn, and Zn). In contrast, contents of titratable acids and ascorbic acid were low. The polyphenolic profile was determined by using HPLC-MS/MS in comparison to standard compounds. Noteworthy amounts of cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside (39.43 ± 1.66 mg/100 g fresh weight (FW)), delphinidin 3-O-rutinoside (23.74 ± 1.18 mg/100 g FW), cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (11.68 ± 0.56 mg/100 g FW), and delphinidin 3-O-glucoside (6.08 ± 0.35 mg/100 g FW) were found. Non-anthocyanin phenolic constituents were phenolic acids (gallic, protocatechuic, p-hydroxy-benzoic, vanillic, and caffeic acid), flavan-3-ols (epigallocatechin, epigallocatechin gallate, and epicatechin gallate), and 11 different myricetin and quercetin derivatives of which quercetin 3-O-arabinoside (5.26 ± 0.16 mg/100 g FW) and quercetin 3-O-rhamnoside (5.06 ± 0.08 mg/100 g FW) were dominating. Anthocyanins and ascorbic acid were mainly responsible for the antioxidant capacity of Clidemia rubra berries assessed with the total oxidant scavenging capacity (TOSC) assay.     

Fruit quality and bioactive compounds relevant to human health of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) cultivars grown in Italy

The fruit quality characteristics, phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacities of 24 sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) cultivars grown on the mountainsides of the Etna volcano (Sicily, Italy) were evaluated. High-performance liquid chromatographic methods were used to identify and quantify sugars, organic acids and phenolics. A total of seven phenolic compounds were characterised as hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives (neochlorogenic acid, p-coumaroylquinic acid and chlorogenic acid) and anthocyanins (cyanidin 3-glucoside, cyanidin 3-rutinoside, pelargonidin 3-rutinoside and peonidin 3-rutinoside). The total anthocyanin content ranged from 6.21 to 94.20 mg cyanidin 3-glucoside equivalents/100 g fresh weight (FW), while the total phenol content ranged from 84.96 to 162.21 mg gallic acid equivalents/100 g FW. The oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay indicated that fruit of all genotypes possessed considerable antioxidant activity. The high level of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of some sweet cherry fruits implied that they might be sources of bioactive compounds that are relevant to human health.     

Identification and quantification of major phenolic compounds from mango (Mangifera indica, cv. Ataulfo) fruit by HPLC–DAD–MS/MS-ESI and their individual contribution to the antioxidant activity during ripening

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is an economically important fruit throughout the world. ‘Ataulfo’ mango, a leading cultivar in Mexico, has the highest content of phenolic compounds among several commercial varieties of mango. However, the individual identification and antioxidant contribution of these phenols during ripening of mango fruit is unknown. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the major phenolic compounds found in ‘Ataulfo’ mango fruit pulp was conducted in four stages of ripeness, using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The antioxidant contribution of each of the major phenolic compounds was calculated. The major compounds identified were chlorogenic acid (28–301 mg/100 g DW), gallic acid (94.6–98.7 mg/100 g DW), vanillic acid (16.9–24.4 mg/100 g DW), and protocatechuic acid (0.48–1.1 mg/100 g DW). The antioxidant contribution of the four phenolic acids increased during ripening. Gallic acid accounted for the highest contribution (39% maximum value), followed by chlorogenic acid (21% maximum value). This could indicate that these phenolic compounds may have an important role in the antioxidant metabolism in ‘Ataulfo’ mango fruit during ripening, and promoting health benefits to consumers.     

Chemical composition,anthocyanins, non-anthocyanin phenolics and antioxidant activity of wild bilberry (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz) from Colombia

Berries of Vaccinium meridionale Swartz native to Colombia were analysed for chemical composition, total phenolic content, anthocyanin content, and antioxidant activity. In addition, high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection (HPLC–DAD) and HPLC-electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry (ESI–MS/MS) were used to determine anthocyanin and phenolic composition. Anthocyanin content was 329.0 ± 28.0 mg cyanidin 3-glucoside equivalents/100 g (fresh weight) FW and total phenolic content was 758.6 ± 62.3 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g FW. Cyanidin 3-galactoside was the major anthocyanin while the most abundant non-anthocyanin phenolic was chlorogenic acid.     

Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis): A seed source of polyunsaturated fatty acids,tocopherols, phytosterols,phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity

Fatty acids (FA), phytosterols, tocopherols, phenolic compounds, total carotenoids and hydrophilic and lipophilic ORAC antioxidant capacities were evaluated in 16 cultivars of Sacha inchi (SI) seeds with the aim to valorise them and offer more information on the functional properties of SI seeds. A high α linolenic (α-Ln) fatty acid content was found in all cultivars (ω3, 12.8–16.0 g/100 g seed), followed by linoleic (L) fatty acid (ω6, 12.4–14.1 g/100 g seed). The ratio ω6/ω3 was within the 0.83–1.09 range. γ- and δ-tocopherols were the most important tocopherols, whereas the most representative phytosterols were β-sitosterol and stigmasterol. Contents of total phenolics, total carotenoids and hydrophilic and lipophilic antioxidant capacities ranged from 64.6 to 80 mg of gallic acid equivalent/100 g seed; from 0.07 to 0.09 mg of β-carotene equivalent/100 g of seed; from 4.3 to 7.3 and, from 1.0 to 2.8 μmol of Trolox equivalent/g of seed, respectively, among the evaluated SI cultivars. Results showed significant differences (p < 0.05) among the evaluated SI cultivars in the contents of ω3, ω6, antioxidant capacities and other evaluated phytochemicals. SI seeds should be considered as an important dietary source of health promoting phytochemicals.     

Determination of free phenolic acids and antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts obtained from fruits and leaves of Chenopodium album

In this study, determination of phenolic acids as well as investigation of antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts from the fruits and leaves of Chenopodium album is described. Extracts were subjected to acidic hydrolysis in order to obtain total free phenolic acids. However, some of phenolic acids were identified and quantified by HPLC-DAD. The results were confirmed by LC-MS equipped with MS-ESI. In addition, Folin–Ciocalteu method was applied to determine the total phenolic contents. The antioxidant activity of C. album extracts was examined by using DPPH and hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity assays. Results revealed that the leaves extract exhibits better performance in antioxidant assays and in the higher total phenolic contents (3066 mg of GAE/100 g) when compared to fruits extract (1385 mg of GAE/100 g). From these results it has been revealed that the methanolic extracts of C. album from fruits and leaves have great potential as a source for natural health products.     

Major anthocyanins and antioxidant activity of Nasturtium flowers (Tropaeolum majus)

Major anthocyanins, ascorbic acid content, total phenolic content, and the radical scavenging activity against ABTS and DPPH radicals in petals of orange Nasturtium flowers (Tropaeolum majus), were investigated. Anthocyanin (ACN) content in the petals was 72 mg/100 g FW and pelargonidin 3-sophoroside represented 91% of the total ACN content. The ascorbic acid content was 71.5 mg/100 g and the total phenolic content as determined by the Folin–Ciocalteau method was 406 mg GAE/100 g FW. The radical scavenging activities against ABTS and DPPH radicals were 458 and 91.87 μm trolox eq/g FW, respectively. The excellent free radical scavenging activities along with high phenolic and ascorbic acid content of Nasturtium flowers suggest that they could be source of natural pigments and antioxidants for applications in functional foods.     

Chemical composition of fruits in some rose (Rosa spp.) species

Fruits of Rosa canina, Rosa dumalis subsp. boissieri, Rosa dumalis subsp. antalyensis, Rosa villosa, Rosa pulverulenta and Rosa pisiformis were assayed for total phenolics, ascorbic acid, total soluble solids, total dry weight, total fat, fatty acids, pH, acidity, moisture, fruit colour and macro- and micro-elements. The highest total phenolic content was observed in Rosa canina (96 mg GAE/g DW). Rosa dumalis subsp. boissieri had the highest total fat content (1.85%), followed by Rosa pulverulenta (1.81%) and Rosa canina (1.78%), respectively. Nine major fatty acids were determined in rose species and α-linolenic acid was found to be dominant for all species. Total soluble solids, total dry weight, moisture and ascorbic acid contents of rose species varied from 29.42% (Rosa villosa)–37.33% (Rosa dumalis subsp. boissieri), 33.85% (Rosa villosa)–40.35% (Rosa dumalis subsp. boissieri), 59.65% (Rosa dumalis subsp. boissieri)–66.15% (Rosa villosa) and 727 mg/100 g FW (Rosa villosa) and 943 mg/100 g FW (Rosa dumalis subsp. boissieri), respectively. Nitrogen and mineral compositions of the rose species, e.g., N, P, K, Ca and Mg, were (averagely): 1.26%, 513 mg/100 g DW, 639 mg/100 g DW, 196 mg/100 g DW and 114 mg/100 g DW, respectively. The present study shows that the native rose genotypes are extremely rich sources of phenolics, carbohydrates and ascorbic acid, demonstrating their potential use as a food or food additive.     

Phenolic acid analysis and antioxidant activity assessment of oil palm (E. guineensis) fruit extracts

Phenolic compounds in oil palm fruit (E. guineensis) were extracted in soluble free (SFP), insoluble-bound (ISBP) and esterified (EFP) forms. The total phenolic content (TPC) of the oil palm fruit extracts was determined using the Folin–Ciocalteu method and found to range from 5.03 to 9.04 g/L per g of dried weight (DW). The antioxidant activities of oil palm phenolic extracts were analysed using free radical scavenging assays and results showed that oil palm phenolic extracts contained antioxidant activities in the order of ISBP > EFP > SFP. Eight different phenolic acids were identified and quantified using a simple reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a diode array detector (DAD) and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). Ferulic, p-hydroxybenzoic and p-coumaric acid were the dominant phenolic acids found in oil palm fruit extracts and ranged from 55 to 376 μg/g of DW.     

Flavonoids and other phenolic compounds in Andean indigenous grains: Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa), kañiwa (Chenopodium pallidicaule) and kiwicha (Amaranthus caudatus)

The amount of phenolic acids, flavonoids and betalains in Andean indigenous grains, quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa), kañiwa (Chenopodium pallidicaule) and kiwicha (Amaranthus caudatus), was determined. The total amount of phenolic acids varied from 16.8 to 59.7 mg/100 g and the proportion of soluble phenolic acids varied from 7% to 61%. The phenolic acid content in Andean crops was low compared with common cereals like wheat and rye, but was similar to levels found in oat, barley, corn and rice. The flavonoid content of quinoa and kañiwa was exceptionally high, varying from 36.2 to 144.3 mg/100 g. Kiwicha did not contain quantifiable amounts of these compounds. Only one variety of kiwicha contained low amounts of betalains. These compounds were not detected in kañiwa or quinoa. Our study demonstrates that Andean indigenous crops have excellent potential as sources of health-promoting bioactive compounds such as flavonoids.     

Phytochemical composition and thermal stability of two commercial açai species, Euterpe oleracea and Euterpe precatoria

Açai fruit are native to the Amazon region of South America and two predominant species are commercially exported as fruit pulps for use in food and beverage applications. Detailed characterisation of the polyphenolic compounds present in the de-seeded fruits of Euterpe oleracea and Euterpe precatoria species were conducted by HPLC–ESI–MSⁿ analyses and their thermal stability and overall influence on antioxidant capacity were determined. Anthocyanins were the predominant polyphenolics in both E. oleracea (2247 ± 23 mg/kg) and E. precatoria (3,458 ± 16 mg/kg) species, and accounted for nearly 90% of the trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity in both E. oleracea (87.4 ± 4.4 μmol TE/g) and E. precatoria (114 ± 6.9 μmol TE/g) fruits. Various flavones, including homoorientin, orientin, taxifolin deoxyhexose and isovitexin; various flavanol derivatives, including (+)-catechin, (−)-epicatechin, procyanidin dimers and trimers, and phenolic acids, including protocatechuic, p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, syringic and ferulic acids, were also present in both species. Thermal stability of these compounds was evaluated, following a thermal holding cycle (80 °C for up to 60 min) in the presence and absence of oxygen. Both species experienced only minor changes (<5%) in non-anthocyanin polyphenolic contents during all thermal processes whereas 34 ± 2.3% of anthocyanins in E. oleracea and 10.3 ± 1.1% of anthocyanins in E. precatoria were lost under these conditions, regardless of the presence of oxygen. Proportional decreases (10–25%) in antioxidant capacity accompanied the anthocyanin changes. Results suggest that both açai species are characterised by similar polyphenolic profiles, comparable antioxidant capacities, yet only moderate phytochemical stability during heating.     

Chemical characterization, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant capacity of jussara (Euterpe edulis) fruit from the Atlantic Forest in southern Brazil

Samples of fruit from the jussara palm plant (Euterpe edulis), collected in different regions of the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, were analyzed for chemical composition, phenolic acids, anthocyanins, flavonoids and fatty acids profile. Results indicated that the jussara fruit has a high lipid content (18.45-44.08%), oleic acid (44.17-55.61%) and linoleic acid (18.19-25.36%) are the fatty acids found in the highest proportion, and other components were proteins (5.13-8.21%), ash (1.55-3.32%) and moisture (34.95-42.47%). Significant differences were found in the total phenolic, total monomeric anthocyanins and other flavonoids for the samples from the five cultivation regions. The fruit from region E harvested in summer, with high temperatures and medium altitudes, had the highest contents of total phenolics (2610.86 ± 3.89 mg 100 g⁻¹ GAE) and monomeric anthocyanins (1080.54 ± 2.33 mg 100 g^− 1 cy-3-glu). The phenolic compound included ferulic, gallic, hydroxybenzoic and p-coumaric acids, as well as catechin, epicatechin and quercetin. The results show promising perspectives for the exploitation of this tropical fruit with a chemical composition comprising considerable phenolic acids and flavonoids compounds and showing activity antioxidant.     

Phenolic acid profiles of mangosteen fruits (Garcinia mangostana)

The composition of phenolic acids in various parts of mangosteen fruit (Garcinia mangostana) was determined by GC and MS. The total content of phenolic acids, identified by GC-FID ranged from 265.7 ± 12.7 (aril) to 5027.7 ± 188.0 (peel) mg per kg of dry matter of sample. Ten phenolic acids were identified in mangosteen fruit. Of these, protocatechuic acid was the major phenolic acid in the peel and rind, while p-hydroxybenzoic acid was the predominant phenolic acid in the aril. m-Hydroxybenzoic acid was detected only in the peel, while 3,4-dihydroxymandelic was present only in the rind. The phenolic acids liberated from esters and glycosidic bonds were the major fractions of phenolic acids in mangosteen fruit.     

Phytochemical and antioxidant characterization of the fruit of black sapote (Diospyros digyna Jacq.)

Consumption of fruits and vegetables has been associated with a healthy state which has been attributed, in part, to their antioxidant capacity. Characterization of the bioactive compounds with antioxidant activity found in fruits cultivated in the tropic is limited. Thus, the objective of the present work was the characterization of phytochemicals and antioxidants of the fruit of black sapote (Diospyros digyna Jacq.). HPLC-DAD-Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-MS) analyses were used to identify and quantify phenolics, carotenoids and tocopherols. Total soluble phenolic content was 247.8 mg GAE/100 g fw (fresh weight). Important phenolics identified were sinapic acid, myricetin, ferulic acid, and catechin. Total carotenoid content was 399.4 ??g of ??-carotene/100 g fw, and ??-carotene and lutein were the main carotenoids identified. ??-Tocopherol concentration was 672.0 ??g/100 g dry weight. Antioxidant capacity as measured by the DPPH and FRAP assays was higher in the hydrophilic than in the lipophilic extract, and it is thought to be due mainly to the phenolic content of this fruit. Results suggest that the fruit of black sapote has an antioxidant capacity comparable to other important fruits, and its inclusion in the diet is therefore recommended.     

Assessment of in vitro antioxidant capacity and polyphenolic composition of selected medicinal herbs from Leguminosae family in Peninsular Malaysia

Determination of total phenolic (TPC), flavonoid and anthocyanin contents, and various antioxidant activities (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging, ferric reducing power, ferrous ion chelating and lipid peroxidation inhibition) of leaves and flowers of Bauhinia kockiana, Caesalpinia pulcherrima and Cassia surattensis were performed in this study. The B. kockiana flower was found to possess the highest TPC (8280 ± 498 mg GAE/100 g), free radical scavenging activity (ascorbic acid equivalents 14,600 ± 2360 mg AA/100 g) and reducing ability (72.4 ± 8.7 mg GAE/g). Rutin and chlorogenic acid were detected in the plants, where the C. pulcherrima leaf contained the highest amount of rutin (669 ± 26 mg/100 g), while minute amounts of chlorogenic acid were detected in C. surattensis leaf (9.13 ± 0.44 mg/100 g). The C. pulcherrima leaf displayed the highest ferrous ion chelating and lipid peroxidation inhibition activities. Positive correlation was observed between TPC and various antioxidant activities.     

Genotypic effects on the phytochemical quality of seeds and sprouts from commercial broccoli cultivars

Determining ontogenic diversity in vegetables, in general or Brassicas in particular, regarding the bioactive content, is an interesting task since the most promising Brassicaceae foods could have the highest nutritional and health-promoting properties. Therefore, vitamin C, phenolic compounds, glucosinolate content, and total antioxidant capacity were evaluated in commercial cultivars of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica; cv. Nubia, cv. Marathon and cv. Viola) seeds and during the sprouting period. Vitamin C was not detected in dormant seeds and its content increased with the germination, reaching values ranging from 53 (cv. Nubia) to 64 (cv. Marathon) mg/100 g FW, at the end of the monitored period (14days). The total glucosinolate content in seeds and 3-day-old sprouts was higher in cv. Marathon (1005 and 556 mg/100 g FW, respectively), however cv. Viola sprouts registered the highest glucosinolate content 7 and 14 days after sowing (235 and 208 mg/100 g FW, respectively). Aliphatic glucosinolates were more affected by genetic factors than the indolic glucosinolates, being glucoraphanin the predominant glucosinolate in cv. Nubia and cv. Marathon, whereas glucoiberin was the major glucosinolate in cv. Viola. The flavonoid and total phenolic content was significantly higher in cv. Viola. Also, seeds of this cultivar showed the highest antioxidant capacity (2.7 mg Trolox/g FW).     

HPLC-DAD-ESIMS analysis of phenolic compounds in bayberries (Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.)

Qualitative analysis of the ethyl acetate extracts from three bayberry cultivars, Xiangshan, Biqi and Dongkui, was performed by means of a hyphenated technique of HPLC coupled to photodiode array detection and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-ESIMS). Three phenolic compounds were identified (gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, and quercetin 3-glucoside) and seven others (two myricetin hexoside and two myricetin deoxyhexoside derivatives; quercetin hexoside and quercetin deoxyhexoside derivatives; kaempferol hexoside derivative) partially identified. Quantification of phenolic compounds was performed by HPLC-DAD, which revealed that gallic acid (2.6–7.0 mg/kg FW) was the major phenolic acid in all analysed cultivars. Myricetin glycosides (71.1 mg/kg FW) were the major flavonol glycosides in cultivar Xiangshan and quercetin glycosides (117.8 mg/kg FW) were the major ones in cultivar Biqi. Cultivar Dongkui had medium contents of quercetin glycosides (48.0 mg/kg FW) and myricetin glycosides (53.2 mg/kg FW). Kaempferol glyosides (3.1–4.6 mg/kg FW) were the lowest contents of flavonol glycosides in the assayed bayberries. These results are relevant not only from a nutritional point of view, but also in the control of color stability and haze formation during bayberry juice processing and storage.     

Phytochemical and antioxidant characterization of mamey (Pouteria sapota Jacq. H.E. Moore & Stearn) fruit

Phytochemical compounds in fruits and vegetables have gained great importance in the last few years because of the increasing evidence suggesting their antioxidant and prevention of chronic diseases. Carotenoids, phenolics, flavonoids, and vitamins E and C, are among these phytochemicals. Several fruits have been characterized so far for their antioxidant and health properties but there is still limited information on fruits from the tropic. Therefore, the objective of this study was the characterization of mamey fruit (Pouteria sapota Jacq. H. E. Moore & Stearn) with regard to their antioxidant capacity and phytochemical profile. Phenolics, carotenoids and ??-tocopherol were quantified and identified by HPLC-DAD-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS), and DPPH and FRAP assays were used to evaluate antioxidant capacity. Hydrophilic extracts of mamey fruit showed higher antioxidant capacity than the lipophilic portion. Total soluble phenols content was 28.5 mg GAE/100 g fw, being p-hydroxybenzoic acid as the main phenolic that was identified. Total carotenoid content was 1127.9 ??g ??-carotene/100 g fw with ??-carotene being the main contributor, in addition to lutein, and violoxanthin. Concentration of ??-tocopherol was 360.0 ??g/100 g fw. Results of this study suggest that mamey fruit is a good source of carotenoids and its inclusion in the diet is recommended.     

Nutritional constituents and antioxidant properties of indigenous kembayau (Dacryodes rostrata (Blume) H. J. Lam) fruits

The nutritional and antioxidant properties of peels, pulp and seeds of kembayau (Dacryodes rostrata) fruits were evaluated. Kembayau seeds and pulp were rich in fat, while peels had the highest ash contents. Potassium was the most prevalent mineral in peels (380.72-1112.00 mg/100 g). In kembayau fruits, total flavonoid content (1012.74-28,022.28 mg rutin equivalent/100 g) was higher than total phenolic and total monomeric anthocyanin contents. Kembayau seeds exhibited high flavonoid and phenolic contents compared to the contents in peels and pulp. Antioxidant capacities were also higher in seeds as typified by trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity assay (51.39-74.59 mmol TE/100 g), ferric reducing antioxidant power assay (530.05-556.98 mmol Fe²⁺/100 g) and by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl radical scavenging activity (92.18-92.19%) when compared to peels and pulp. Pulp and peels of kembayau fruit may be an important source of energy and minerals for human consumption, while seeds have a good potential as antioxidants.