轴流压气机旋转失速建模与检测:基于确定学习理论与高阶Moore-Greitzer模型的研究

喘振和旋转失速是轴流压气机研究领域中重要而困难的问题. 本文基于确定学习理论及动态模式识别方法提出一个旋转失速初始扰动 近似准确建模和快速检测的方法. 首先,基于高阶Moore-Greitzer模型（Mansoux模型）,利用确定学习理论提出一个对旋转失速初始扰动的内在系统动态的近似准确建模方法;其次,基于以上近似准确建模,利用 动态模式识别方法提出一个对旋转失速初始扰动的快速检测方法. 基于MIT的Mansoux-C2模型仿真研究验证了 所提方法的有效性. 最后,在北京航空航天大学航空发动机重点实验室的低速轴流压气机试验台上开展了试验研究. 通过对低速轴流压气机试验台参数进行测量,得到基于北航低速轴流压气机试验台的Mansoux模型. 通过对基于北航试验台Mansoux模型进行仿真研究,验证了所提方法的有效性.     

基于FPGA的压气机旋转失速起始检测

采用压缩系统非线性模型构造了压气机旋转失速信号,定义了旋转失速强度指标量化压气机从稳定状态到完全进入旋转失速的发展过程,由此开展了基于FPGA的旋转失速起始检测研究。分析结果表明旋转失速强度可以有效提取失速前的先兆信号。以FPGA为载体,设计了基于SOPC的旋转失速起始检测系统,并进行了仿真研究。仿真结果表明,所设计的系统可以实现旋转失速强度的连续计算,可用于旋转失速起始在线检测。     

非恒定转速下压气机动态模型的建立与仿真

研究了轴流式压气机在非恒定转速条件下的动态建模问题.采用模块化的建模方法在原MG模型的基础上详细地推导了模型的改进部分,并对改进后的模型进行了仿真分析与验证.改进的MG模型将压气机转速(或B参数)作为除压气机压升、平均流量和流量扰动之外的另一个状态变量,使压气机动态模型更加接近实际情况.仿真结果表明,改进模型能较好地描述轴流式压气机的失稳现象(旋转失速与喘振),可以应用于压气机系统稳定性分析、失速/喘振预测以及主动控制等方面的研究.     

并行计算在动态模式识别中的实现和应用*

研究一种针对最近提出的动态环境下的机器学习理论——确定学习理论的算法实现,提出一种采用并行计算实现确定学习理论中的动态模式识别的方法。利用并行计算中的OpenMP多核编程环境,采用曙光16核服务器为硬件平台,实现对动态模式识别算法的快速性。同时,以压气机Mansoux模型为应用背景,把确定学习理论的动态模式识别方法应用到压气机旋转失速/喘振的快速检测中,利用多核并行计算实现了从包含多种旋转失速/喘振模式的模式库中快速识别当前模式的方法,为文章中方法提供了一个有效的验证。     

轴流压气机失速与喘振的发生与对策分析

轴流压气机不稳定的工作形式通常表现为旋转失速和喘振,这是限制压气机稳定工作范围的两大因素。把压升作为反馈信号,通过补偿节流阀系数值的方式,对旋转失速和喘振进行控制,够增加压气机的喘振裕度,消除失速时伴随的迟回效应。     

多核技术在动态模式识别算法中的应用

利用LabVIEW多核编程环境,采用曙光16核服务器作为硬件平台,实现了动态模式识别下的多模式快速识别。同时,以压气机Mansoux模型为应用背景,设计压气机旋转失速识别快速检测系统,该系统解决了基于确定学习理论的多模式识别算法中涉及的大量计算问题,实验结果和性能分析进一步验证了该检测系统的快速性和可行性。     

轴流压气机转子叶顶间隙流动结构及机理研究

研究某轴流压气机叶顶复杂流动问题,为深入了解压气机叶顶泄漏流流动机制和引发失速的机理,对一亚音速轴流压气机进行全工况数值仿真与试验测量。提出通过对比试验数据和分析泄漏流的流动特性,随着压气机负荷的提高,泄漏流方向的改变引起叶顶堵塞区增大,并诱发压气机失速。采用不同工况下叶顶流场进行仿真对比分析。仿真结果表明,泄漏流与主流相互作用形成泄漏涡,距前缘40%弦长范围内泄漏流影响泄漏涡形态变化,其余部分泄漏流主要通过周向输运低能流体进一步堵塞通道;叶顶压力分布是决定泄漏流方向的主要因素。     

带有弯曲静子的压气机数值仿真

针对某两级低速轴流压气机第一级静子通道小流量范围内存在轮毂-角区失速现象,为了提高压气机的效率,采用计算流体力学方法,对第一级静子进行了不同的弯曲变化数值仿真,分析研究了静子弯曲对压气机性能和轮毂-角区失速的影响。结果表明,弯曲叶片能够通过改变静子轮毂表面静压分布,减缓低能流体的横向流动,从而有效地抑制小流量范围内的轮毂-角区失速,压气机的压比和效率得到较大的提升。     

某型压气机失速先兆研究

压气机失速时,其流场压力信号会发生变化,这种压力信号的特征频率固定在某一频率范围内.利用小波多分辨分析方法,提取包含特征频率的细节信号,并对该细节信号进行统计分析,得出稳定工作状态及失速状态信号的方差范围,由此确定滤波的阈值.通过阈值滤波,可以确定失速先兆信号及其出现的时刻.分析表明,该方法是有效的、可行的.     

小型轴流压气机清洗两相流场的数值模拟

针对某小型航空发动机单级轴流压气机的清洗需求,以数值模拟结合实验的方法对压气机清洗流场的各种参数进行了分析研究.在初步确定清洗方案的基础上,建立了基于S-A湍流模型的离散相数值模拟理论模型,以经验公式估算喷嘴形成的初始液滴分布,并对喷嘴的实验参数进行了校准,最后以CFD软件进行了流场的数值模拟,计算结果表明：清洗液滴不会对压气机的流场产生明显影响,平面扇形喷嘴在该小型压气机上能获得较好的清洗效果.     

凹凸科技进军网络安全领域

2006年2月28日,网络安全及电源管理芯片供应商凹凸科技(O2Micro)向中国用户隆重推介凹凸科技在网络安全领域的独特理念和全新方案.此举标志着凹凸科技已正式进军网络安全领域.特别在ASIC防火墙和SSL VPN技术和产品的竞争中,凹凸科技已经担负了不可或缺的重要角色.而其在模拟与数字集成电路方面拥有的强大设计和制造能力,无疑将为其最终成为全球网络安全领域的主要供应商增加关键筹码.凹凸科技在评述中国安全市场发展趋势的同时,还将携两款最具代表性的成熟产品--ASIC防火墙SifoWorks和SSL VPN产品Succendo一起亮相.     

2006 Sun科技日在中国举行——"Java之父"James Gosling再来中国

继成功举办2005年Sun JAVA中国开发者大会之后,Sun一年一度全球规模的开发者大会——2006Sun科技日又分别于今年9月23～24日和27～28日相继在中国上海和北京两大都市举行“。Java之父”James Gosling再次来到中国,与中国的开发者讨论软件开发者所关心的问题,讲述Sun的软件发展策略、介绍Solaris10操作系统的独特的特性和新的Java开发工具、展望Java技术发展前景,特别是阐明Sun实施Java技术开源的策略。Sun科技日是Sun公司最重要的全球开发者的大会,它针对Java技术、Solaris10OS、NetBeans、OpenSolaris、开源技术、开发工具和Web…     

陕西省第一届国防科工系统内网安全研讨会召开

2006年3月15日,“陕西省第一届国防科工系统内网信息安全建设专题研讨会”在西安市隆重召开。此次会议的议题是,在当前的信息安全形势下,陕西省国防科工系统内网面临的信息安全问题,以及如何采取有效的解决方案进一步提高国家机要部门内部网络的安全保护等级,以适应形势发展的需要。此次会议由陕西省国防科工委主办,陕西省国防科工委信息中心和北京榕基网安科技有限公司、北京理工先河科技发展有限公司、陕西金叶西工大共同承办,国家保密局和陕西省国防科工委的有关领导出席会议并发表了重要讲话。在为期两天的会议中,共有100多名国防科工系…     

Teacher education in IT in Germany

Abstract In 1988 the eleven West-German Kultusminister , with responsibility for the school systems in their respective Bundeslaender , reached agreement with the Federal Ministry of Education and Science on the broad concept of 'Information and Communications Technology', ITG. After four years of discussion it was agreed that ITG should be introduced into the secondary level of the general schools. In spite of strong disagreements about the ways and speed of implementation, and after several years of experiments, important parts of the concept have become a reality in practically all of the old Bundeslaender. While acknowledging the complexity of the German educational system the paper attempts to outline the development of the concept of Information and Communications Technology and its consequences in teacher education. The development in the eastern part of Germany, the former GDR, has been completely different to that in the western part and this is also commented upon in the paper.     

IT in teacher education in Scotland

Abstract This paper outlines the consensual approach to the formulation of curriculum policy in general, and in relation to information technology (IT) in particular, in Scotland. It outlines the approaches to IT that have emerged as a result. These are founded on the premises that all children should develop knowledge and understanding about IT and skills in using IT; that IT should influence both content and delivery of the curriculum; and that IT (computing studies in Scotland) should be an elective for secondary school pupils. Against this background, the paper describes the evolution of policy and practice relating to IT in teacher education. It appraises the strategies which institutes are using for developing the professional skills necessary to deliver IT in the Scottish curriculum. It notes significant progress but highlights the need to develop strategies which integrate IT more deeply with other professional studies so that student teachers develop deeper, more reflective approaches to IT.     

Informatics in teacher education in Japan

Abstract This paper charts the developments in information technology (IT) policies in education in Japan over the past decade with particular emphasis on the impacts on teacher education. Beginning with the work of the National Council on Educational Reform in 1985, the Japanese education system initiated a thorough analysis of the role of information technology in all aspects of education from kindergarten through to high school, vocational education and pre- and in-service teacher education. The various approaches culminated in guidelines and statutory requirements relating to both schools' curricula and teacher training, published in the period 1990–1992. More recently other ministries have contributed to developments including the Ministry for International Trade and Industry which has categorized the different types of information engineers and among these is the new Educational Engineer. The paper reports the processes leading to these developments.     

IT in teacher education in Denmark

Abstract As with many European countries Denmark is experiencing change in teacher education and most notably in the wake of an act of government in 1992 which was designed to set out common aims for teacher education. Prior to that the content and structure of teacher education had been highly specified including, for example, the requirement that student teachers should take a course of 42 hours IT-related lessons. This paper provides a brief history of the background to the changes in teacher education and focuses on the implications that the more flexible aims for teacher education have for the future integration of IT in teacher education.     

在网络层实现安全传输通道技术的研究

安全传输通道是对传输的原始信息进行加密和协议封装处理,从而实现安全传输的技术,本文在TCP/IP的网络层上提出了实现安全传输通道的技术和解决方案。并对网络层的安全传输通道技术提出了实现机制。     

IT in teacher training in France

Abstract To understand what is going on in France at the moment in the domain of computers and related communication technologies in teacher training, there are two major developments that have to be kept in mind. Firstly, the ways of becoming a teacher in France underwent major changes in 1991. It is therefore too early to come to general conclusions about the effects of this reform in the field of new information technologies. Secondly, French IT in schools policy has shifted from a large-scale centralized equipment operation, which provided microcomputers in each school from 1985 to 1987, to a more regional management of equipment funding, with less national piloting in the field. This paper describes what happened during the previous period and what is taking place now. With matters still evolving the paper represents a snapshot rather than an exhaustive survey; such a survey remains to be done.     

Recent developments in ergonomics in China

Ergonomic thought and practice were introduced in ancient China in relation to modern developments in Chinese ergonomics. Despite the ten-year interruption of the 'cultural revolution’ in the late 1960s and 1970s, ergonomics has made great progress in China in the last decade. In this paper some general developments in recent ergonomics’ teaching and in professional organizations are described. Four major areas of ergonomics research are illustrated: (1) Visual displays and signal design; (2) Human-computer interface with Chinese computers; (3) Cognitive strategies and decision support; (4) Mental workload and occupational stress. The main characteristics of Chinese ergonomics are discussed and new directions are highlighted, based on recent developments and progress.