尖晶石—石榴石相转变过程中矿物的微量元素组成与分布特征

利用质子微探针和微束ＰＩＸＥ定量分析技术对山东梭罗树地幔橄榄石，斜方辉石，单斜辉石，尖晶石和石榴石等矿物的向量元素和组成与他布进行了研究。结果表明，不相容元素主要富集于单斜辉石内，尖晶石则几乎富集质子探针所能检出的所有向量元素，而石石中向量元素含量最少。     

核分析技术在基础医学研究中的若干应用

应用同步辐射Ｘ荧光微探针（ＳＲ－ＸＭＦ）和扫描质子微探针（ＳＰＭ）技术研究了基础医学领域中与微量元素有关的几个课题。初步实验结果表明，具有高灵敏度、高分辨率和对样品损伤小的ＳＲ－ＸＭＦ和ＳＰＭ技术特别适合于元素含量低的细胞和生物组织样品，这些技术是研究元素的细胞生理学，从细胞水平探讨微量元素的生物学作用机理以及从微观角度阐明疾病的致病机理等方面有独特作用的新手段。     

江西湖田窑明代青花瓷的PIXE研究

用现代科学技术对中国古瓷的产地、年代和真伪进行研究一直是文博界和科技界研究的热点.本工作采用质子激发X射线发射(PIXE)分析方法研究了江西湖田窑明代中晚期青花瓷的胎、釉和青花中主量、微量元素的含量,并用质子扫描微探针(SPM)分析了青花瓷剖面的元素分布.结果表明元素在古瓷的釉、胎和青花中的分布都是均匀的;胎与青花之间有5～10 μm的中间层,青花与白釉之间无明显的分界线;制作青花的钴料可能产于江西、福建等地.     

扫描质子微探针对IAEA城市飞灰参考物质的微区均匀性研究

使用扫描质子微探针技术测定了由国际原子机构提供的两种不同颗粒度的城市飞灰参考物质。得到了样品压片的１００μｍ×２００μｍ微小区域内的微量元素分布均匀性水平。介绍了实验技术，并以分析结果进行了讨论。     

用简单化学组分离和Ge(Li)-γ射线能谱法测定亳县陨石中的稀土元素

毫县陨石是一种球粒陨石,它于1977年10月20日降落在安徽省毫县张沃吝子门大队。落地时陨石破裂成两块,相距2000米,大块(1号样)重约5.5公斤,小块(2号样)重约2.5公斤。文中3号样系该陨石的近表部、但不含熔壳的样品。两块陨石的主要化学成分相同。陨石球粒和基质的主要矿物成分基本相同,主要有斜方辉石、少量单斜辉石、橄榄石、尖晶石、钛铁矿、陨硫铁、铁纹石、镍纹石、自然铜等。根据化学成分和矿物成分分类,毫县陨石属于L或LL群。     

微束背散射分析元素微区分布的研究

微束背散射分析元素微区分布的分析方法使上海原子核研究所的质子微探针能在微区内综合使用质子激发Ｘ射线荧光和背散射等多种核效应，为样品由轻元素到重元素的全面无损、双微（微区、微量）分析提供了依据。应用该方法还测量了Ｓｉ３Ｎ４／ＳｉＣ复合陶瓷材料，证明了该分析方法的可靠性。     

核探针技术的初步应用

使用新建成的核探针开展了阿米巴细胞中微量元素锌的含量及其分布的观察;锰矿物中微米级矿粒和矿物相的分析;深海锰结核内微米级层状结构的分析;反球化元素对球墨铸铁的影响以及微量元素的偏析造成不锈钢零件局域性断裂的研究。     

鸡胚细胞内微量元素分析

本文用高分辨率、高灵敏度的扫描质子微探针（SPM）对鸡胚前脑神经元细胞和骨骼肌肌管细胞中的数量元素进行分析，研究了这两种不同细胞对Zn离子的吸收情况、细胞中元素的相关关系以及微量元素在细胞内的分布情况。结果发现，鸡胚前脑神经元细胞对Zn离子的吸收能力明显大于骨骼肌肌管细胞；并且细胞中Cr、Fe、Ni等微量元素的浓度含量明显偏高；细胞中S－Zn、Fe-Zn等元素呈正相关关系，而P-Ni、Cr-Fe则呈负相关关系。从细胞的元素分布图上还发现不同元素在细胞各个组成部分的含量是不同的，如P、S、K等元素在细胞膜上的含量明显高于其在细胞内的含量。     

一种高精度定位分析的云母技术

采用裂变径迹法研究矿物样品中微量铀分布。以白云母、Lexan和超纯石英玻璃作为外探测器,应用显微照相技术确定含铀的位置,用电子微探针分析鉴定含铀相。     

上海市钢铁工业尘单颗粒分析

用高分辨率、高灵敏度的扫描质子微探针对上海市工业尘进行单颗粒分析,研究了在颗粒物中不同元素的分布以及元素平均含量随粒径大小的变化。结果表明,Fe、Cr、Mn等元素在颗粒物中均匀分布的,而K、Ca则富集在颗粒物的表面。而且这些元素的平均含量随粒径的变化呈现出一规律性,其中大部分重金属元素（如Cu、Cr、Ni、Zn、Pb）聚集在颗粒粒径＜5μm的颗粒物上。     

Micro－PIXE analysis of trace element composition and their distribution in minerals of mantle peridotite

Ｍｉｃｒｏ－ＰＩＸＥａｎａｌｙｓｉｓｏｆｔｒａｃｅｅｌｅｍｅｎｔｃｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎａｎｄｔｈｅｉｒｄｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｏｎｉｎ　ｍｉｎｅｒａｌｓｏｆｍａｎｔｌｅｐｅｒｉｄｏｔｉｔｅＣｈｅｎＹｏｕ－Ｈｏｎｇ（陈友红），ＺｈｕＪｉｅ－Ｑｉｎｇ（朱节清...     

Mantle metasomatism for metaperidotite from Shuanggou ophiolite of Yunnan Province by proton microprobe

This study shows that olivine,serpentine and orthopyroxene are enriched with compatible element Ni;clinopyroxene with Ni and Y;spinel strongly with Ni,Zn,Ga,Ge,As and Zr;chlorite with Ni,Zn,Sr and Zr,However,grossulatrite is poor in all of these trace elements,except Sr.The trace element composition and distribution in the minearls are heterogeneous.The distributions of trace elements in the minerals further demonstrate that they result from mantle metasomatism under open system.     

Application of nuclear analytical techniques to trace elements in Cenozoic basalt and their mantle xenoliths from Aershan area in Inner Mongolia, China

Basaltic samples from different locations in Aershan area determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) have the same distribution patterns of REE and trace elements. The similar REE contents of the same minerals without inclusions from different xenolith suggest that the mantle source region under different active volcanoes have the same composition. The REE content differences between the same minerals with and without melt inclusions selected from the same mantle xenolith indicate that the melt inclusions are rich in REE. The same patterns of trace elements of inclusions and host minerals from different xenolith analyzed by SRXRF suggest that the mantle fluid has no notable heterogeneity in Aershan area.     

Synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence analysis on altered mineral muscovite in gold deposit

Synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence (SRXRF) microprobe was used to ananlyse altered mineral muscovite and its surrounding feldspar in Yuerya gold deposit. The major, minor and trace elements of the two minerals were detected and analyzed. SRXRF analysis showed that the Yuerya muscovite had a complex chemical composition. containing K, Fe, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn and many trace or ultra-trace elements. Since muscovite resulted from the alteration of hydrothermal ore fluid acting on feldspar (plagioclase), the difference of chemical composition between the two minerals shows the components of ore fluid, which are characterized by the enrichment of alkaline and alkaline-earth metal elements K, Ca and ore-associated elements Fe, Cu, Zn. And gold. silver and platinum, invisible under microscope, were detected in some areas of muscovite but not found in feldspar. Especially platinum, a mantle material is rarely seen in the earth crust but now found in the gold deposit of magmatic sources; its appearance approves the idea of mantle flux participating in the gold mineralization, which suggests that the tectonic event controlling gold mineralization in the Yuerya district is a mantle phenomenon.     

Applications of proton and nuclear microprobes in ore deposit mineralogy and metallurgy

The micro-PIXE technique usefully complements the analytical capabilities of the electron microprobe in many investigations of ore deposit mineralogy and metallurgy. Unfortunately, micro-PIXE has not been widely used, largely because of a paucity of accessible proton/nuclear microprobes designed with sample- and data-handling facilities suitable for mineralogical targets.Ore deposit mineralogy studies are performed to achieve a wide range of objectives: from the identification of parameters useful for mineral exploration through an understanding of the genesis of ore deposits to a complete characterization of the minerals, necessary to provide guidance for mineral beneficiation and metal extraction. Trace-element information, to calculate partition coefficients between co-existing minerals, or on fluid inclusions, provides geothermometric data on ore deposits. Dating of mineral deposits can be done by measuring the trace quantities of U, Th and Pb in zircon crystals. Efficient metal extraction depends on knowledge of the mineralogical distribution of elements of economic interest (e.g., Ag, Au, Pt-group) as well as knowledge of those which can contaminate the environment or the efficiency of metallurgical processes (e.g., Se, As).The specific requirements for an ideal proton microprobe for mineral analyses are discussed. In addition, new analytical data are presented for sulphide minerals (troilite and pentlandite), an oxide mineral (chromite), and for copper anodes.     

辽宁－吉林东部地区超镁铁质岩包体的微量元素地球化学特征

发展了预浓集中子活化分析方法，结合仪器中子活化分析对辽宁—吉林东部地区新生代火山岩中尖晶石二辉橄榄岩包体的稀土元素（ＲＥＥ）及其他微量元素进行了测定。它们的过渡金属元素中不相容元素Ｔｉ以及适度相容元素Ｖ和Ｓｃ相对于原始地慢（ＰＭ）均具亏损的特征；而相容元素Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ和Ｃｒ含量略高或类似于ＰＭ，反映了它们应为经历了部分熔融后的残余地幔。依据ＲＥＥ特征尖晶石二辉橄榄岩可分为两类：第一类包体的ＲＥＥ含量和ＲＥＥ分配型式与ＰＭ相比呈现明显的亏损，提供了它们是残余地慢岩的又一证据。第二类包体的重稀土元素（ＨＲＥＥ）比前者低，但轻稀土元素（ＬＲＥＥ）比前者明显的高，揭示了它们在地幔源岩经历了部分熔融，使ＲＥＥ发生了亏损之后又遭受了ＬＲＥＥ富集，即地幔交代作用。     

TRACE ELEMENT CHARACTERISTICS OF ULTRAMAFIC INCLUSIONS IN THE EASTERN PART OF LIAONING-JILIN PROVINCES BY NAA

Cenozoic basalts in the eastern part of Liaoning-Jilin contain abundant mantle-derived inclusions. The rock types of the ultramafic inclusions are composed mostly of spinel lherzolite and a few websterites. In order to study the origin of inclusions, the concnetrations of several trace elements have been measured in samples by NAA. According to geochemical characteristics of trace elements, there are two types of spinel Iherzolite inclusions. The first type is refractory residues left after partial melting of the upper mantle and the second type is metasomatizing refractory residues. The websterites inclusions formed by segregation of basaltic melt derived from high degree of melting of mantle source rocks.