偶联剂改性UHMWPE纤维表面性能的研究

选用硅烷偶联剂KH-550,KH-560和钛酸酯偶联剂NDZ-201作为表面改性剂,对超高相对分子质量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)冻胶纤维在萃取阶段进行表面处理,经干燥、超拉伸制得表面改性UHMWPE纤维。采用红外光谱仪、接触角测量仪测定了纤维的表面化学结构和表面润湿性能,采用单纤维树脂包埋-拔出法测定了纤维与树脂基体的界面剪切强度,比较了改性前后纤维的力学性能变化。结果表明:改性后纤维表面引入了极性基团,硅烷偶联剂KH-550对UHMWPE纤维的表面改性效果最好。采用质量分数为1%的硅烷偶联剂KH-550溶液处理后,纤维与环氧树脂间的界面剪切强度提高了87.8%,纤维的断裂强度和模量分别提高了6.9%和32.6%。     

纳米SiO_2和PP-g-MAH对玻纤增强PP复合材料性能的影响

纤维和树脂之间的界面结合强度是决定复合材料性能的关键因素。通过实验研究在玻璃纤维表面涂覆经硅烷偶联剂KH550表面处理的纳米SiO_2以及在PP基体中加入PP-g-MAH对玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的界面结合强度和力学性能的影响。结果表明,纳米SiO_2经KH550表面处理后可以降低其表面能,有利于其在纤维表面分散吸附;纤维表面涂覆纳米SiO_2及在PP中加入PP-g-MAH,有利于增强纤维和树脂之间的界面结合强度,复合材料的层间剪切强度提升了116.06%,拉伸强度提升了109.14%,弯曲强度提升了99.85%。     

纳米SiO_2改性环氧树脂胶粘剂的研究

选择纳米 SiO_2 作为增强材料改性环氧树脂基体, 以物理分散法将纳米 SiO_2 分散在环氧树脂中。通过力学性能测试和热稳定性能测试, 研究了不同含量的纳米 SiO_2 对改性环氧树脂胶粘剂的热性能、拉伸性能和冲击性能的影响; 通过 NOL环测试和扫描电子显微镜(SEM) 分析, 研究了不同含量的纳米 SiO_2 对国产芳纶纤维/改性环氧复合材料的界面性能和层间剪切强度的影响。实验结果表明, 基体树脂中当 w( 纳米SiO_2)=3%时, 改性环氧树脂胶粘剂的拉伸强度和冲击强度分别提高了 28.8%和 22.6%, 复合材料的层间剪切强度(ILSS) 达到最大值, 比未改性胶粘剂提高约 56.8%。     

PEW-g-MAH/硅烷交联剂复合改性UHMWPE纤维及性能评价

使用马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯蜡(PEW-g-MAH)与硅烷交联剂对超高分子质量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维进行复合改性处理,以提高纤维与树脂基体的界面黏接强度。研究复合改性处理对纤维的界面黏接强度、物理化学性能、失重率以及浸润性的影响趋势。研究发现:随着硅烷交联剂用量的增加,纤维拔出强度随之逐渐增加,而失重率与接触角随之逐渐减小。红外分析表明,改性体系中引入的硅烷交联剂相互反应产生了三维网状交联结构,并且在纤维的表面引入了新的功能基团。拉伸测试和结晶度分析结果表明,改性处理前后,纤维的结晶度和力学性能没有发生显著的变化。     

纳米CaCO_3/纳米SiO_2共混改性HDPE的性能研究

采用钛酸酯偶联剂改性纳米CaCO_3,硅烷偶联剂改性纳米SiO_2,并用其填充高密度聚乙烯(HDPE),并对二元、三元复合物进行了微观形貌表征和力学性能测试。结果表明,纳米CaCO_3主要起到增韧的作用,纳米SiO_2主要起到增强的作用,HDPE/纳米CaCO_3/纳米SiO_2混合质量比为100∶25∶7的三元复合物的拉伸强度比纯HDPE提高了17.6%,缺口冲击强度提高了34.5%。     

不同表面处理对剑麻纤维/树脂基复合材料性能影响

通过红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等多种表征手段,研究了纤维含量、纤维不同表面处理方法对剑麻纤维/树脂基片状模塑料(SMC)复合材料性能的影响。研究表明:当剑麻纤维质量分数为10.0%时,硅烷偶联剂KH-570处理的SMC复合材料拉伸强度、弯曲强度、冲击强度分别提高了24.65%,25.42%,33.26%,力学性能最佳。SMC复合材料SEM显示,经过表面处理的剑麻纤维与树脂基体之间的界面黏结更紧密,黏结性增强。此外,用KH-570处理的SMC复合材料热稳定性最佳。     

纳米远红外陶瓷粉填充UHMWPE复合材料的性能研究

利用硅烷偶联剂KH-570改性纳米远红外陶瓷粉,然后利用球磨混合、热压成型工艺制备纳米远红外陶瓷粉/超高摩尔质量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)复合材料。研究了改性纳米远红外陶瓷粉对UHMWPE结晶度、力学性能、摩擦学性能的影响。结果表明,改性纳米远红外陶瓷粉提高了复合材料的结晶度;随着纳米远红外陶瓷粉填充量的增大,拉伸强度和屈服强度先增强后减弱,当纳米远红外陶瓷粉填充质量分数为3%时,其拉伸强度和屈服强度均提高10%以上;纳米远红外陶瓷粉填充有效地改善了UHMWPE的摩擦学性能,当填充质量分数为4%时,磨损率最低,相比纯UHMWPE降低了20%。     

黄麻纤维增强聚丙烯界面剪切强度的研究

研究了黄麻纤维增强聚丙烯体系中黄麻的表面处理以及基体中改性剂和无机填料对界面剪切强度的影响。实验表明,NaOH 和硅烷偶联剂（KH550）表面处理以及基体改性均能够增强界面黏结,当 NaOH 浓度为2%时界面剪切强度达到5.3 MPa,且处理时间对界面剪切强度影响不大;KH550浓度为0.5%时界面剪切强度达到5.5 MPa;当基体中马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯（PP-g-MAH）含量为2%时界面剪切强度达到5.7MPa;添加纳米碳酸钙和滑石粉后,界面剪切强度随之增大,但含量分别超过20%和10%后界面结合反而变差。     

基于UHMWPE纤维低度交联与表面改性制备高模量、高强度UHMWPE/EP复合材料

从工业化生产应用角度研究电晕处理直接作用于超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维编织布织布表面，探究纤维表面交联和界面改性对复合材料力学性能的影响。利用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)和扫描电镜(SEM)对UHMWPE纤维表面物理性质和化学组成进行表征。采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)对电晕处理前后纤维结晶度和热稳定性进行表征。当电晕处理功率达到3.0 kW时，UHMWPE-C3.0kW/EP复合材料的冲击强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量达到了167.4 kJ/m²、121.3 MPa和9.3 GPa,相较于未处理UHMWPE/EP复合材料分别增加了31.5%、64.8%和190.6%。结果表明，通过电晕处理强化了纤维表面与树脂界面黏接强度，有利于复合材料对外力的传递分散，并通过强界面破坏吸收能量及UHMWPE纤维的断裂和形变提高了复合材料的抗冲击和抗弯性能。     

PCB绝缘层感光树脂的固化工艺

采用差示扫描量热分析法,研究了印制电路板(PCB)绝缘层树脂——感光改性环氧树脂预固化体系中固化剂2123型酚醛树脂和固化促进剂咪唑的合适配比。利用硅烷偶联剂对纳米SiO_2进行表面处理制得亲油性纳米SiO_2,将其掺入到感光改性树脂固化体系中以提高体系的热稳定性能。采用正交实验和单因素实验方法,研究了亲油性纳米SiO_2用量、固化最高温度、最高温度固化时间3个因素对该树脂体系固化产物在200℃的热降解量的影响。结果表明,感光改性环氧树脂/2123型酚醛树脂/咪唑最佳质量比为100/5/1.5,此时的固化反应最为完全;在掺杂纳米SiO_2的感光改性树脂的最佳固化工艺条件下,即当亲油性纳米SiO_2质量分数为5%,固化最高温度为120℃,最高温度固化时间为2 h时,固化产物的200℃热降解量为0.94%。     

The role of additional silane coupling agent treatment in oxygen plasma-treated UHMPE fiber/vinylester composites

Ultra-high modulus polyethylene (UHMPE) fiber was treated with oxygen plasma and a silane coupling agent in order to improve the interfacial adhesion between the UHMPE fiber and vinylester resin. The oxygen plasma and γ-methylmethacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (γ-MPS)-treated UHMPE fiber/vinylester composites showed a slightly higher interlaminar shear strength than the oxygen plasma-treated UHMPE fiber/vinylester composites. The interfacial adhesion of the oxygen plasma-treated UHMPE fiber/vinylester composites in this study is mainly due to mechanical interlocking between the micropits formed by the oxygen plasma treatment and the vinylester resin. The γ-MPS molecules adsorbed onto the UHMPE fiber surface neither affected the morphology of the UHMPE fiber surface, nor reduced the extent of mechanical interlocking. The improved interfacial adhesion by the γ-MPS treatment is due to enhanced wettability and chemical interaction through the chemically adsorbed γ-MPS molecules, as detected by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The γ-MPS molecules adsorbed onto the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) plate surface also reduced the aging effect of the oxygen plasma-treated UHMWPE surface.     

Interfacial bond property of UHMWPE composite

The ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)/hydrocarbon (PCH) composite was prepared by selecting a PCH resin as the matrix, which has the similar structure to UHMWPE fiber. The interfacial bond property between the PCH resin and UHMWPE fiber was investigated by macromechanics, micromechanics, and contact angle. The results show that the PCH resin has good wettability with the UHMWPE fiber surface. The UHMWPE/PCH composite has excellent transverse tensile strength, interlaminar shear strength, and the pull-out strength together with the outstanding interfacial bond property.     

树脂-水泥界面改性的多尺度表征

为从多尺度层次探明水泥基体与透明树脂界面以及偶联剂对界面的改性作用,利用硅烷偶联剂A-151和液体铝酸酯偶联剂处理水泥与树脂界面,采用抗拉和斜剪、显微硬度、FTIR和ESEM等测试手段从宏观、细观、微观尺度来表征界面的粘结强度、显微硬度、微观形貌和化学反应.结果表明:在宏观方面,硅烷偶联剂A-151和液体铝酸酯偶联剂能大幅提高树脂-水泥界面抗拉和斜剪强度,28 d强度至少提高73%和40%.在细观方面,偶联剂改善了透明树脂与水泥基体界面显微硬度,特别是在界面-10~10 μm区间内,且降低透明树脂"性能减弱区域"厚度达100 μm.在微观方面,硅烷偶联剂A-151、液体铝酸酯偶联剂与水化硅酸钙CSH中羟基OH反应分别生成Si-O-Si键和Al-O-Si键,偶联剂促使水泥净浆与透明树脂更好地融合,极大地改善了界面粘结情况.     

Surface modification of ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene fiber by different kinds of SiO2 nanoparticles

We successfully improved the interfacial adhesion strength between ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber and resin by the surface modification of UHMWPE fiber with two kinds of SiO₂ nanoparticles through gel spinning process. Modified effect of treated SiO₂ nanoparticles by coupling agent was superior to original SiO₂ nanoparticles. Compared with unmodified fibers, pull‐out tests of modified UHMWPE/treated SiO₂ fibers revealed that interfacial adhesion strength increased by the maximum of 10.95%, but corresponding breaking strength decreased by 8.51%. In addition, the interfacial adhesion strength and breaking strength could continue to enhance with increasing the additive amount of treated SiO₂ nanoparticles. The results of Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) indicated that the crystallinity of all modified fibers decreased while crystallite dimension increased, and the surface of modified fibers by treated SiO₂ nanoparticles exhibited polar functional group (C=O). The superiority of this modified technology was that it realized the bulk industrial production and maneuverability, low cost, and no pollution. POLYM. COMPOS., 38:1928–1936, 2017. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers     

低温等离子体对PBO纤维表面的改性

采用硅烷偶联剂处理聚对苯撑苯并双噁唑(PBO)纤维,利用常压射频低温等离子体对PBO纤维进行了表面处理,通过扫描电镜、红外光谱、光学显微镜等研究了处理时间对PBO纤维表面官能团和表面形貌的影响规律,通过单丝拔出实验测定PBO纤维基复合材料的界面剪切强度。结果表明:经过常压射频低温等离子体处理后,PBO纤维的表面形成了大量的极性基团,表面产生明显的凹坑,PBO纤维与树脂的粘接性能提高50%,纤维的拉伸强度下降5%。     

硅烷偶联剂改性芳纶工艺研究

采用KH550硅烷偶联剂处理芳纶,将处理温度、时间、硅烷偶联剂的质量分数作为3个因素进行分析,通过单因素分析法确定每个因素对处理前后芳纶与树脂的界面剪切强度的影响,结合扫描电镜观察处理前后纤维的表面结构变化,得到最佳处理的工艺为:处理时间9 h、温度45℃、硅烷偶联剂的质量分数为25%。     

聚丙烯／玻璃纤维的界面改性研究（Ⅰ）：不同界面改性方法的比较

玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的关键是提高非极性的聚丙烯和极性的玻璃纤维的界面粘结强度,本文比较了以双马来酰亚胺,聚丙烯－马来酸酐接枝共聚物,硅烷偶联剂作为界面剂的几种最为常见的界面改性方法对聚丙烯／玻璃纤维的界面改性效果,指出以聚丙烯－马来酸酐接枝共聚物作用面剂是最经济,最有效的聚丙烯／玻璃纤维的界面改性方法。     

钛酸钾晶须及硫酸钙晶须改性环氧树脂

应用硅烷及钛酸酯等偶联剂对钛酸钾晶须及硫酸钙晶须进行表面处理，考察晶须对环氧树脂力学性能、工艺性等的影响。研究表明，钛酸钾晶须经硅烷偶联剂处理后，能很好地改善复合材料的性能，硅烷的表面处理效果较钛酸酯的好。钛酸钾晶须添加到环氧树脂中后，材料的弯曲强度随晶须含量增大逐渐增大，在晶须含量为8％时达到最大值，之后性能稍有下降；材料的弯曲模量随晶须添加量的增加逐渐增大，冲击强度稍有降低。体系中添加硫酸钙晶须后，材料的性能也得到一定程度的提高。硫酸钙晶须对环氧树脂工艺性的影响较钛酸钾晶须小。SEM表明，晶须经合适的偶联剂表面改性后，与树脂基体的界面粘接得到有效改善。     

The relationship between zeta-potential and pull-out shear strength on modified UHMWPE fiber reinforced epoxy composites

UHMWPE fiber exhibits high performance, featuring high tensile strength and modulus, because of its extended chain structure. However, this fiber demonstrates some defects, such as low melting point, creep, and poor interfacial bonding with resin. Therefore, it is still not widely applied in composites. This research attempted to improve the performance by applying interfacial treatment to the fiber, using polypyrrole (PPy) synthesized through oxidation. The interfacial shear strength was evaluated using the results of a pull-out test and a Zeta Potential. The UHMWPE fiber was exposed to PPy treatment at various temperatures. The PPy-modified fiber was then impregnated with epoxy to generate the composites. The effects of the modification were also examined. The performance of the composites was determined by the Zeta Potentials of the fiber and resin, using an EKA electrokinetic analyzer. The interfacial shear strength was determined by the pull-out test. The morphology of fiber was observed by SEM. Results show that the shear strength of the interface between the PPy-treated UHMWPE fiber and epoxy increased 215%. The correlation between the Zeta Potential and the interfacial shear strength was also observed.