RFID/EPC技术对包装业的影响

介绍了一种新兴的物品识别技术RFID(射频识别)技术,并阐述了与RFID技术相关的EPC标签和EPC系统,以及EPC系统的组成和重要特点,最后着重探讨了RFID/EPC技术在包装领域的作用和应用.     

Intelligent and integrated RFID (Ⅱ-RFID) system for improving traceability in manufacturing

In the wake of globalization,many modern manufacturing companies in Norway have come under intense pressure caused by increased competition,stricter government regulation,and customer demand for higher value at low cost in a short time.Manufacturing companies need traceability,which means a real-time view into thenproduction processes and operations.Radio frequency identification(RFID) technology enables manufacturing companies to gain instant traceability and visibility because it handles manufactured goods,materials and processes transparently.RFID has become an important driver in manufacturing and supply chain activities.However,there is still a challenge in effectively deploying RFID in manufacturing.This paper describes the importance for Norwegian manufacturing companies to implement RFID technology,and shows how the intelligent and integrated RFID(n-RFID) system,which has been developed in the Knowledge Discovery Laboratory of Norwegian University of Science and Technology,provides instant traceability and visibility into manufacturing processes.It supports the Norwegian manufacturing industries survive and thrive in global competition.The future research work will focus on the field of RFID data mining to support decision-making process in manufacturing.     

基于改进ALOHA算法的RFID标签防碰撞研究

目的 为提高射频识别技术(Radio Frequency Identification,RFID)标签识别成功率,以及包装生产线自动分拣效率、智能化水平.方法 以包装生产线检测系统为研究对象,结合RFID技术设计一种自动包装、检测、配送系统.介绍RFID检测系统,主要包括标签、阅读器、天线和控制系统.针对RFID识别过程中标签碰撞问题,提出一种改进ALOHA算法,采用动态预测权值估计标签数目使标签数目与数据帧长度大致相等.通过实验验证ALOHA算法的有效性.结果 实验结果表明,碰撞比率平均值只有1.1％,整个系统的检测成功率可以达到99.6％;所述改进ALOHA算法可以有效避免标签碰撞.结论 该系统能够自动完成检验,并且用时较少,检验过程中正确率较高,具有较高的市场应用价值.     

An Intelligent Mobile Robot Navigation Technique Using RFID Technology

This paper presents an innovative mobile robot navigation technique using Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) technology. Navigation based on processing some analog features of an RFID signal is a promising alternative to different types of navigation methods in the state of the art. The main idea is to exploit the ability of a mobile robot to navigate a priori unknown environments without a vision system and without building an approximate map of the robot workspace, as is the case in most other navigation algorithms. This paper discusses how this is achieved by placing RFID tags in the 3-D space so that the lines linking their projections on the ground define the “free ways” along which the robot can (or is desired to) move. The suggested algorithm is capable of reaching a target point in its a priori unknown workspace, as well as tracking a desired trajectory with a high precision. The proposed solution offers a modular, computationally efficient, and cost-effective alternative to other navigation techniques for a large number of mobile robot applications, particularly for service robots, such as, for instance, in large offices and assembly lines. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is illustrated through a number of computer simulations considering testbeds of various complexities.      

物联网射频识别技术的安全问题及防范策略

物联网射频识别技术是利用无线射频方式进行非接触双向通信,自动识别目标对象并获取相关数据的高新技术,广泛应用于门禁系统、车辆防盗、物流管理等安全防范领域中。本文在简要介绍射频识别系统的工作原理和应用的基础上,针对射频识别系统面临的安全问题,提出相应的防范策略,以促进射频识别技术的健康发展。     

基于Hash的RFID安全协议的设计

射频识别系统(RFID)由于运行在开放系统环境而存在诸多安全问题,针对各种安全隐患,在分析几种典型的安全协议的认证过程及优缺点的基础上,提出一种基于Hash的RFID安全协议的设计方法,该协议利用Hash函数的单向性及R、S参数的随机性,有效的实现了RFID系统的安全保护.该安全协议能有效的防止重放攻击、假冒攻击、窃听攻击和位置跟踪,具有前向安全,计算量低、成本低的特点,适合于大量射频标签的场合.     

生态导电油墨及其在包装领域的应用研究进展

导电油墨的制备已成为加快印刷电子发展的重要技术之一,近年来符合生态理念的导电油墨逐渐成为研究热点。通过对生态导电油墨的相关文献进行分析与梳理,综述了生态导电油墨的研究现状、导电机理和应用方向。归纳出生态导电油墨主要可分为溶剂型和能量固化型两类,总结了生态导电油墨在智能包装中的应用,如：印刷柔性电池、电子交互包装、RFID标签、薄膜开关等,此类产品为包装在智能交互、信息追踪溯源、防伪防盗等方面提供强力的技术支持。     

Automatic identification in packaging — radio frequency identification in multiway systems

With regard to the increasing environmental awareness all over the world, many companies replace their one‐way packaging systems by reusable systems in order to save energy and resources and to reduce waste. But complex multiway networks entail several problems concerning the availability of returned empties and the control of the flow of materials. In order to guarantee a failure‐free operation of the logistic network at low cost, a complete tracking and tracing of the package based on efficient identification technologies is crucial. Concerning multiway systems, the requirements of a continuous information flow often exceed the capacity of barcode technologies. Radio frequency identification (RFID) technologies can fill this gap by offering the wide range of features necessary for disposition and control. This paper sets out the requirements and benefits connected with the use of RFID technologies using multiway systems that represent new results from current research projects. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于RFID农产品包装追踪与溯源安全机制实施方法

实现食品安全的重要因素是基础农产品的供应链安全机制的保证,基于RFID技术的农产品包装的追踪与溯源是有效的实施办法.通过在整个农产品供应链中实施HACCP,确定实现追踪溯源的必要条件和分析存在问题,因此,基于RFID农产品包装的追踪与溯源是我国食品安全的关键技术,将对我国21世纪农业的健康发展和社会稳定意义深远.     

RFID tag readability issues with palletized loads of consumer goods

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is an automatic identification technology, relying on storing and remotely retrieving data using devices called RFID tags. This technology is being used in enterprise supply chain management‐related applications to improve the efficiency of inventory tracking and management. However, this technology has not been able to realize its promised potential because of several factors, such as lack of congruous worldwide standards, privacy issues and less than perfect read rates in supply chain applications. This research aimed to evaluate the readability issues commonly faced by tagged cases of palletized consumer products. The variables studied in this research were product‐package type, tag type, tag location on cases, pallet pattern and forklift speed through a RFID portal representative of a dock door in a warehouse. To determine which variables were the most significant, a binary logistic regression was run. The number of tags read was inputted for the number of events and total number of products per pallet as the number of trials. The variables product content, pallet pattern, and speed, and all interactions were then included in the model. It was observed that readability greatly varies for different product‐package systems, with paper towels producing near‐perfect reads, followed by bottled water and carbonated soda cans. The slower the forklift truck speed, the better the readability across the board, and the best pallet patterns were dependent on the product‐package type. For bottled water, the best pallet pattern was column, and for carbonated soda, the interlocking pattern. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于RFID的中药材物流仓储智能化管理系统设计与应用

目的 针对中药材物流仓储中的自动化程度低、效率低和数据不准确等问题,对其进行数字化和智能化管理,以提高效率和数据准确性。方法 结合中药材的流通环境,基于无线射频识别技术（Radio Frequency Identification, RFID）、全球定位系统（Global Positioning System,GPS）、物联网技术和温湿度检测技术,设计并开发中药材物流仓储智能化管理系统,并提出一种改进基于碰撞位的汉明重数分组查询树算法（HCQT）。结果 算法消除了空闲时隙,减少了碰撞时隙,使得中药材RFID系统信息采集传输更高效。实现了中药材在物流仓储各环节的管理功能,以及温湿度、物流仓储数据的实时智能更新,并应用于环境实时监测。结论 系统实现了对中药材物流仓储的自动化管理,提高了工作效率,在大量智能包装的物流系统中具有良好的应用前景。     

基于 RFID 技术的弹药储运方舱自动识别系统研究

目的针对传统弹药识别方法不适应弹药储运方舱信息采集的问题,研究解决弹药信息自动识别技术。方法以功能需求为依据,通过对现有自动识别技术的比较分析,最终选择运用无线射频自动识别技术来实现弹药信息的自动采集。结合功能需求、弹药自身的特性和RFID技术的特点,研究RFID系统中电子标签和读写器等硬件的技术参数,并提出系统的软件要求和功能。结果确定了RFID系统中电子标签、读写器等硬件的技术参数和模块结构、实现功能等软件的要求。结论通过应用RFID系统,最终达到弹药信息自动识别、弹药出入库信息自动采集处理、库存弹药管理简便的目的。     

基于精益供应链的制造执行系统MES的研究

制造执行系统MES是以条形码技术、RFID等技术为核心的信息化综合解决方案,是构建与实施精益供应链管理的重要环节,可大大提高企业生产效率,实现企业供应链的赢利能力。基于精益供应链的MES系统包含从原材料采购到成品入库的生产过程进行实时数据采集、控制和监控的全过程,实现对生产控制、产品追踪追溯、实时数据传输与处理等功能。MES系统的开发采用模块化设计技术,包括系统架构设计、功能组件开发、信息采集等关键技术。     

Impacts of RFID implementation on cost structure in networked manufacturing

Radio frequency identification (RFID) presents the key innovative solution to automatically capture and track the movement of material items throughout an entire supply chain. In this article, we explore influences of RFID technology implementation on cost and profit efficiencies. For this purpose a mathematical model of supply chain cost structure and functions was created to analyse the impacts. The model, which has also been verified through a case study approach, is aimed to examine the economical impact of RFID implementation at an automotive original equipment manufacturer and its suppliers. To analyse the impact of the traceability system using RFID technology, a cost reduction parameter will be used. Since in automotive supply chains the functional dependence of individual parts is changing in the upstream and downstream supply chain, only certain parts will be calculated with their complete functions and relations.     

射频识别（RFID）示准化发展思路研究

射频识别（简称“RFID”）技术被誉为最具发展潜力和变革力的信息高新技术之一。随着RFID技术的发展,RFID应用规模的不断扩大,RFID标准的作用和战略地位日益显现,RFID标准成为影响RFID技术应用和产业发展的重要因素。本文在分析RFID标准化现状和挑战的基础上,探讨了RFID标准化发展思路和RFID标准化研究政策性建议。     

山东出口危险货物包装检验监管分析与建议

目的提升山东地区出口危险货物包装检验监管水平,帮扶企业规避贸易风险、提高产品质量、扩大出口。方法根据山东地区2016年出口危险货物包装业务基本情况(包装检验46 424批,8799万件),总结业务变化(同比分别增长28.9%,27.1%)和检验的不合格信息。结果 2016年危险货物包装性能检验批次、数量分别同比增长了17.4%,13.8%;包装使用鉴定批次、数量分别同比增长了32.2%,64.5%。危险货物包装性能检验与使用鉴定之间成正比关系,性能检验逐年增长,相应的危险货物包装使用鉴定也随之出现了井喷式增长态势。结论归纳了天津"8.12"事件后山东地区业务激增原因和性能检验与使用鉴定不合格情况,从信息化、技术性贸易措施、安全特性检验管理3个方面提出了有针对性的对策建议。     

RFID技术及其在智能包装中的应用

目的介绍国内外RFID技术的基本原理以及在智能包装中的应用,为RFID技术的后续发展与应用提供参考。方法详细介绍RFID技术与智能包装的结合,在商品仓储管理、零售管理、医疗管理以及身份识别等场景的应用现状。结果 RFID技术作为一种新型通信技术,有着巨大的市场应用前景,通过与传统条形码的对比,RFID技术通过信息感应就能实现数据统计,不再需要逐个扫描,大大节省了人力和物力,但由于RFID设备造价昂贵,导致RFID电子标签成本偏高,严重限制了其在智能包装领域的发展应用。结论结合了RFID技术的新型智能包装可通过信息感应实现数据的快速准确统计,不需要人工逐个扫描商品包装,节省了劳动力成本,安全高效。     

基于RFID的包装生产线检验系统的设计与研究

目的为了提高包装生产线上的产品检验效率,保证检验过程的正确率。方法在充分研究RFID射频技术、防伪算法与防碰撞算法的基础上,借助于RFID读写功能设计一套用于识别包装生产线上产品的检验系统,来对生产线上输送的出厂物品进行检测和管理。结果在设计包装生产线整体硬件结构的基础上,结合RFID硬件处理模块和PC机人机交互界面,对包装生产线上300个贴有电子标签的产品进行了检验实验,该系统能够自动完成检验,并且用时较少,检验过程中正确率较高。结论该设计的检验系统能够提高包装生产线的检验效率,具有较高的市场应用价值。     

Security Threats to Business Information Systems Using NFC Read/Write Mode

Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) and related technologies such as Near Field Communication (NFC) are becoming essential in industrial contexts thanks to their ability to perform contactless data exchange, either device-to-device or tag-to-device. One of the three main operation modes of NFC, called read/write mode, makes use of the latter type of interaction. It is extensively used in business information systems that make use of NFC tags to provide the end-user with augmented information in one of several available NFC data exchange formats, such as plain text, simple URLs or enriched URLs. Using a wide variety of physical form factors, NFC-compatible tags (wireless transponders) are currently available in many locations with applications going from smart posters, contactless tokens, tap-and-go payments or transport ticketing to automated device configuration, patient identification at hospitals or inventory management within supply chains. Most of these applications handle sensitive processes or data. This paper proposes a complete security threat model for the read/write operation mode of NFC used in Next Generation Industrial IoT (Nx-IIoT) contexts. This model, based on a well-known methodology, STRIDE, allows developers and users to identify NFC applications vulnerabilities or weaknesses, analyze potential threats, propose risk management strategies, and design mitigation mechanisms to mention only some significant examples.     

基于仿生结构的吸顶灯电商包装设计

目的 设计大型吸顶灯电商缓冲包装,改变家用吸顶灯电商包装防护能力不足以及结构形式单一的现状,提升消费者的购买体验和品牌价值。方法 使用瓦楞纸板替代EPE缓冲材料,构造“蜂窝正六边形”仿生缓冲结构,提出无盖式与罩盖式2种设计方案。结果 与原包装比较,2款瓦楞纸板缓冲包装的抗压强度分别提高了80.8%与111.2%,快速封拆结构赋予消费者一步操作即可取用产品的便利性,解决了原有包装材料的环境非友好性、用户体验差等问题。结论 2种方案均采用瓦楞纸板仿生缓冲结构设计,不仅提高了包装对灯具的保护性能,而且提升了包装开启的便利性,为大型易碎类商品的电商包装提供了可借鉴的解决方案。