原位自生TiC颗粒对铁基耐磨堆焊金属的影响

为了研究原位自生TiC颗粒对堆焊层组织与性能的影响,采用药芯焊丝明弧堆焊方法在Q235钢表面制备了Fe-Cr-Ti-C堆焊合金.利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、洛氏硬度计和湿砂磨损试验机对堆焊合金进行了分析.结果表明,加入的Ti元素可在堆焊层中原位生成TiC硬质相颗粒,并促进M7C3硬质相的生成,从而起到细化晶粒的作用.当生成的TiC和M7C3硬质相数量较多且弥散分布于金属基体中时,这些硬质相可起到相应的抗磨骨架作用,从而提高了堆焊金属的耐磨性.当药芯焊丝中Ti元素的质量分数为7%时,堆焊层性能最佳,其硬度值为61.6HRC,磨损量为0.3904g.     

Fe-Cr-C-B系药芯焊丝的显微组织与耐磨性

为了研究药芯焊丝中Cr和B含量对堆焊层组织与性能的影响规律,采用自保护明弧堆焊法制备了Fe-Cr-C-B系耐磨药芯焊丝.利用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪,对堆焊层的显微组织和耐磨性进行了分析.结果表明,适量的Cr、B可使堆焊层的性能更为优异.随着B元素的加入,堆焊层的显微组织由M_(23)C_6相向M_(23)(C,B)_6相转变,弥散分布的硼化物可呈层片状、菊花状等.硼化物显著改善了Fe-Cr-C-B系堆焊合金的耐磨性,且其耐磨性与硼化物的数量、致密度和尺寸有关,并最终确定了Cr和B元素的最佳质量分数.     

药芯焊丝明弧堆焊Fe-Cr-C-B合金组织及耐磨性

为了提高堆焊合金的耐磨性,利用明弧堆焊方法将自保护耐磨堆焊药芯焊丝熔覆在Q235基体金属表面,制备得到Fe-Cr-C-B耐磨堆焊合金.采用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、硬度计和磨料磨损试验机对堆焊层的组织、硬度和耐磨性进行了分析.结果表明,堆焊层主要由马氏体、少量残余奥氏体、M_3(C,B)、M_(23)(C,B)6和M_7(C,B)3相组成.随着B质量分数的增大,基体组织转变为马氏体,共晶硬质相增多,并呈连续网状分布在基体组织周围.当B的质量分数为3%时,堆焊层的耐磨性达到最佳,其硬度为61. 5 HRC,磨损量为0. 362 9 g.     

高铬铸铁型自保护药芯焊丝堆焊组织与性能分析

研制了一种自保护高铬铸铁型药芯焊丝,对其堆焊金属组织与性能进行了分析,结果表明：堆焊金属表面硬度达到HRC60以上,堆焊金属显微组织主要为马氏体＋残余奥氏体＋M7C3型碳化物;初生碳化物主要沿堆焊层向母材方向生长,其表面硬度为HV1783,侧面为HV1127;共晶碳化物围绕在初生碳化物周围生长,其显微硬度为HV830;在相同磨损条件下磨损1h后,堆焊金属相对耐磨性为Q235钢的14倍左右,在药芯中加入适量的稀土氧化物能提高堆焊金属的耐磨性。     

Cr／C对31％Cr高铬铸铁组织与性能的影响

研究了Cr／C对31％Cr高铬铸铁铸态组织、硬度、冲击韧性、耐磨性等性能的影响．结果表明：在本实验条件范围内,所制备的Cr31高铬铸铁均为过共晶组织和六角棒状的M7C3碳化物;随着Cr／C的增加,组织中的过共晶碳化物逐渐变得细小,而且分布更加弥散、均匀,在相同大小的视场内过共晶碳化物的相对数量减少,铸铁的过共晶度下降．随着Cr／C的增加,Cr31铸铁的硬度略有下降,而冲击韧性有明显的升高趋势．当外加载荷为70N时,Cr31铸铁的耐磨性随Cr／C的增加而下降．     

Cr3C2对等离子钴基堆焊层组织及性能的影响

采用等离子堆焊技术在低碳钢表面制备钴基合金堆焊层(Co40)及添加质量分数20%和40%Cr3C2的钴基合金复合堆焊层(Co40+20%Cr3C2,Co40+40%Cr3C2)。利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪以及磨损实验机等研究不同添加量的Cr3C2对钴基合金堆焊层组织和耐磨性能的影响。结果表明:Co40堆焊层由γ-Co和Cr23C6组成;添加Cr3C2粉末后,堆焊层出现未熔的Cr3C2和Cr7C3及Cr23C6相,且明显改变了其组织特征,Co40+20%Cr3C2堆焊层仍以亚共晶方式结晶,但其组织得到明显的细化和均匀化,而Co40+40%Cr3C2堆焊层转变为过共晶方式结晶,其组织由大量初生碳化物和枝晶组织组成;Co40+Cr3C2复合堆焊层的硬度和耐磨性较Co40堆焊层均得到显著提高,且随着Cr3C2添加量的增加而相应提高。     

Cr26高铬铸铁真空钎焊接头焊缝组织分析

渣浆泵过流部件通常采用Cr26高铬铸铁制成,因工作时浆料的腐蚀和冲刷易导致过早失效。为了修复失效的渣浆泵过流部件,采用Ni-Cr-B-Si钎料,在1 040℃保温5min,对Cr26高铬铸铁进行真空钎焊实验。利用金相显微镜、维氏显微硬度仪测试分析了Cr26高铬铸铁和钎料界面之间的微观组织、显微硬度。结果表明:Ni-Cr合金与高铬铸铁界面处发生冶金结合,界面处Ni、Fe发生互扩散,并形成了γ-Ni固溶体,焊缝中有分布不均匀的Cr7C3生成。     

N和Nb对Fe-Cr-C堆焊层组织和性能的影响

为了获得具有良好组织和性能的堆焊层,以传统Fe-Cr-C合金体系为基础,通过调节药芯焊丝配方中铌铁和氮化铁的含量配比,研究了堆焊层中Nb和N元素对堆焊层组织和力学性能的影响.利用扫描电子显微镜和光学显微镜对堆焊层的显微组织进行分析,并采用能谱仪对分析位置的元素种类和元素含量进行标注测量.采用X射线衍射仪对堆焊层的相组成进行测量,同时对堆焊层的硬度及耐磨损性能进行了研究.结果表明:当N元素的质量分数为3%,Nb元素的质量分数为10%时,堆焊层组织由马氏体、残余奥氏体、M_7C_3、NbN等相组成,此时堆焊层硬度达到最高值58.6 HRC,磨损失重达到最低值0.173 g.     

B、Ti联合作用下堆焊层显微组织和生长机制

为了探究B、Ti联合作用下堆焊层的显微组织和生长机制,采用自行研制的铁基耐磨药芯焊丝,利用自保护明弧堆焊法制备了Fe-Cr-C-B-Ti堆焊合金.利用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪对堆焊层的显微组织和生长机制进行了分析.结果表明,堆焊层中原位合成了Ti C和M_(23)(C,B)_6相.随着Ti元素含量的增加,显微组织中TiC相的数量逐渐增加并主要沿晶界分布.B元素含量的提高导致显微组织中Ti C相的数量变得不稳定.作为形核衬底的Ti C相可为M_(23)(C,B)_6相的附生生长提供条件.通过原位合成Ti C和M_(23)(C,B)_6硬质相可以提高堆焊层的综合性能.     

轧辊表面堆焊50Cr13合金组织性能的研究

采用自动埋弧焊工艺和50Cr13合金焊丝,在Q235钢轧辊表面堆焊多层合金。利用能谱仪(EDS)、光学显微镜(OM)﹑扫描电镜(SEM)分析堆焊轧辊的微观组织结构和成分特点。结果表明:堆焊层组织为细小的板条马氏体+少量残余奥氏体+细小碳化物,基体Q235钢组织为未发生相变的铁素体+部分相变的铁素体+珠光体组成。堆焊层的显微硬度大约为425 HV_(0.2)~480 HV_(0.2),明显高于基体的硬度(180 HV0.2~220 HV_(0.2)),熔合区的平均硬度在300 HV_(0.2)上下,堆焊层厚度约为5 mm。     

深松犁铲CO2焊/喷射高铬钼合金粉复合堆焊层耐磨特性

为解决传统深松犁铲易磨损的问题.提出了CO2气保焊-喷射送粉复合堆焊新工艺,在深松犁铲易磨损部位制备高铬钼合金堆焊层.用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、磨料磨损试验机对堆焊层与基体的结合状况、微观组织结构和耐磨料磨损性能,进行观察和测试.试验结果表明：堆焊层组织主要由下贝氏体、残留奥氏体构成且堆焊层与基体间为良好的冶金结合.耐磨料磨损性能与传统深松犁铲相比提高2.38倍,延长了其使用寿命.     

H3Cr5WMoV埋弧堆焊合金层的组织与性能

利用自动埋孤焊在Q235钢基材表面得到H3Cr5WMoV合金堆焊层，并对合金堆焊层进行了回火处理。比较研究了堆焊层在焊态和回火态的组织、硬度、耐磨性及抗热疲劳性能。结果表明，堆焊层组织为板条马氏体加残余奥氏体。回火态堆焊层的硬度和耐磨性同于焊态堆焊层，回火态堆焊层的抗热疲劳性能也好于焊态堆焊层。     

磁控状态下Fe90堆焊层显微组织对力学性能的影响

为了研究直流横向磁场对Fe90堆焊层组织和性能的影响,在Fe90自熔堆焊合金的等离子弧堆焊过程中引入直流横向磁场,采用洛氏硬度仪、磨损试验机对不同规范下试样的硬度、耐磨损性进行测试,采用OM及SEM对堆焊层进行显微组织分析,进而揭示外加磁场对堆焊层性能的作用机理.结果表明,施加磁场的堆焊层要比无磁场作用的堆焊层硬度高、耐磨性好;当堆焊电流为I=180 A,磁场电流为I_m=3 A时,堆焊层性能取得最佳值,其磨损量为0.4218 g,表面硬度HRC为72.1.外加磁场提高堆焊层性能的主要原因是电弧和熔池在磁场作用下运动状态发生改变,改善了堆焊层组织,使堆焊层的组织由柱状晶转化为等轴晶并细化晶粒,进而提高堆焊层的综合力学性能.     

马氏体不锈钢等离子堆焊铁基合金组织及磨损性能

为了研究马氏体不锈钢的表面性能,采用等离子堆焊技术在Z5CND16-04不锈钢表面制备铁基合金堆焊层.采用扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计及销盘磨损实验机等检测设备,对堆焊层的组织结构、成分、硬度和磨损性能进行了研究.结果表明,铁基合金堆焊层主要由α-Fe、(Fe,Cr,Mo)7C3和(Fe,Cr,Mo)23C6相组成,添加稀土元素后相组成无明显变化.铁基合金堆焊层的硬度和耐磨性均明显高于马氏体不锈钢基材.添加适量的CeO2后,明显细化了堆焊层的显微组织.     

Preparation and Characterization of Ni60-Cr_3C_2-WC/TiC Plasma Welding Surfacing Layer

Using plasma build-up welding technology, Ni60, WC, Cr_3 C_2, and TiC composite powders were clad on the surface of the substrate in a certain proportion according to the metallurgical bonding method to increase the bond strength between the coating and the substrate. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy were used to observe the microstructure of the surfacing layer and the chemical composition of the sample. The hardness and wear resistance of the surfacing layer were tested and analyzed by the HV-1000 hardness tester and the impact wear device. The results showed that in the microstructure, fishbone, spider-web, and floral-like structures appeared in the surfacing layer. When the micro-hardness was tested, the depth of the indentation reflected the hardness of the surfacing layer. When analyzing wear resistance, the amount of wear increases with time.     

Preparation and Characterization of Ni60-Cr<Subscript>3</Subscript>C<Subscript>2</Subscript>-WC/TiC Plasma Welding Surfacing Layer

Using plasma build-up welding technology, Ni60, WC, Cr₃C₂, and TiC composite powders were clad on the surface of the substrate in a certain proportion according to the metallurgical bonding method to increase the bond strength between the coating and the substrate. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy were used to observe the microstructure of the surfacing layer and the chemical composition of the sample. The hardness and wear resistance of the surfacing layer were tested and analyzed by the HV-1000 hardness tester and the impact wear device. The results showed that in the microstructure, fishbone, spider-web, and floral-like structures appeared in the surfacing layer. When the micro-hardness was tested, the depth of the indentation reflected the hardness of the surfacing layer. When analyzing wear resistance, the amount of wear increases with time.     

Wear-resistance Performance of Spray-welding Coating by Plasma Weld-surfacing

Alloy powders including Ni60, WC, Cr_3C_2, and TiC with different mass ratios were deposited on medium carbon low alloy steel by plasma welding. Through the experiments, the optimal alloy powder reinforcing cutter tool surface properties were discovered. The wear resistance properties were investigated on the impact abrasive wear tester. The experimental results show that in terms of microstructure, there exists the shape of herringbone, spider mesh, broken flower structures in coatings. In addition, fusion area of four specimens surfacing welding layer displays a large number of acicular martensite with a small amount of austenite. The coating mainly consists of Ni-Cr-Fe austenitic phase and the other precipitates. TiC density is smaller, its content is less in alloy powder, in the process of surfacing welding, TiC is melted fully, which is mainly distributed in surface layer and middle layer of hard facing layer. The content of TiC gradually reduces from surface layer of hard facing layer to the fusion area. Compared to TiC, the density of tungsten carbide and chromium carbide is larger, there exist tungsten carbide and chromium carbide particles, which are not completely melted near the fusion area. The micro-hardness presents gradient change from the fusion area to the surface layer of hard facing layer, and the hardness of the middle layer is slightly lower than that of the fusion area, and the hardness increases near the surface layer.