共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 390 毫秒
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昆钢六号高炉(2000m^3)开炉3年后发生了严重的风口上翘现象,给高炉生产造成了较大影响。通过调查分析,作者认为Zn在风口组合砖内的富集,膨胀是造成风口上翘的主要原因。Zn对风口砖衬的破坏行为是随着Zn的侵入、富集和膨胀,使砖体组织结构由致密转变为疏松,然后逐步形成斑状→条纹状→矿脉状→肿瘤状的侵蚀通道,直至砖体破裂。研究发现K、Na、Zn、Pb等有害元素进入风口砖衬的先后顺序为K、Na、Zn、Pb,并同时观察到Zn在砖衬内部的结晶发育过程。 相似文献
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掌握武钢1号高炉炉缸的侵蚀状态,明确炭砖的破坏过程及其侵蚀机理,对指导高炉操作、延长高炉使用寿命具有重要意义。通过钻芯取样对武钢1号高炉炉缸开展了破损调查,采用化学分析、光镜、电镜等手段研究了炉缸残余炭砖的侵蚀特性。结果表明,武钢1号高炉炉缸整体呈“锅底”状侵蚀,近铁口区域的侵蚀相对非铁口区更加严重,自铁口中心线向下,残余炭砖的完好层长度逐渐变短,破损层长度逐渐变长。有害元素K在炭砖内的存在形式为硅铝酸盐,Zn和Na元素在炭砖内的存在形式主要为氧化物,Pb元素在炭砖内的存在形式为硫化物。沿着炉缸半径方向,残余炭砖的体密度先增大后减小,在有害元素富集区域达到最大。炭砖结构被破坏主要原因是热应力、有害元素的富集和铁水渗透。 相似文献
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由于受资源条件的限制,酒钢高炉入炉原燃料中K、Na、Zn、Pb等有害元素含量较高,给高炉生产带来极大的危害。本文重点介绍了近年来对1号高炉有害元素的调查及采取的抑制措施,为进一步优化高炉操作提供有益借鉴。 相似文献
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分析了有害元素在高炉内的循环行为,结合高炉实际生产参数,运用里斯特操作线进行计算,揭示了有害元素对焦比的影响规律,建立了焦比与有害元素入炉负荷和循环富集倍数之间的定量关系.计算结果表明:有害元素在高炉内"还原-氧化-再还原"的循环过程会将高温区的CO转移到低温区,降低煤气利用率,同时消耗了高温区大量热量,从而使焦比升高.不同有害元素的影响程度不同.有害元素循环富集倍数对焦比影响的强弱顺序为:Na > K > Zn,有害元素入炉负荷对焦比影响的强弱顺序为:Zn > Na > K.进一步的分析表明,Na、Zn对高炉焦比的影响大于K.但考虑到K对焦炭劣化的作用更明显,故要严格控制K、Na、Zn的入炉负荷.基于上述计算得到的定量关系,利用高炉不同有害元素入炉负荷以及焦比进行曲线拟合,预测高炉有害元素的循环富集倍数.曲线拟合结果与高炉解剖实验结果相吻合. 相似文献
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方大特钢4号高炉因炉缸异常开裂被迫停炉,通过调查分析,其最主要原因是Zn对高炉内衬的严重侵蚀破坏作用,其次是碱金属Na的侵蚀和炭砖质量问题,Pb的渗入及渣口一侧冷却壁受损漏水是炉壳开裂过大的原因。此事故的深刻教训:高炉炉缸应采用材质为Q235B、厚度为50mm及以上钢板;新设计高炉取消渣口,炉底设置排Pb口;高炉开炉后应有一定护炉期,形成炉缸保护层;控制原燃料有害元素负荷,做好排Zn、Na、Pb研究工作;高炉炉缸多次开裂时,应有准备并及早彻底处理;采取炉顶加入钛矿结合风口喂线对高炉进行连续针对性护炉,延长高炉寿命。 相似文献
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Yu-Liang Wu Ze-Yi Jiang Xin-Xin Zhang Qing-Guo Xue Ai-Bing Yu Yan-Song Shen 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B》2017,48(5):2403-2418
Metallurgical dusts can be recycled through direct reduction in rotary hearth furnaces (RHFs) via addition into carbon-based composite pellets. While iron in the dust is recycled, several heavy and alkali metal elements harmful for blast furnace operation, including Zn, Pb, K, and Na, can also be separated and then recycled. However, there is a lack of understanding on thermochemical behavior related to direct reduction in an industrial-scale RHF, especially removal behavior of Zn, Pb, K, and Na, leading to technical issues in industrial practice. In this work, an integrated model of the direct reduction process in an industrial-scale RHF is described. The integrated model includes three mathematical submodels and one physical model, specifically, a three-dimensional (3-D) CFD model of gas flow and heat transfer in an RHF chamber, a one-dimensional (1-D) CFD model of direct reduction inside a pellet, an energy/mass equilibrium model, and a reduction physical experiment using a Si-Mo furnace. The model is validated by comparing the simulation results with measurements in terms of furnace temperature, furnace pressure, and pellet indexes. The model is then used for describing in-furnace phenomena and pellet behavior in terms of heat transfer, direct reduction, and removal of a range of heavy and alkali metal elements under industrial-scale RHF conditions. The results show that the furnace temperature in the preheating section should be kept at a higher level in an industrial-scale RHF compared with that in a pilot-scale RHF. The removal rates of heavy and alkali metal elements inside the composite pellet are all faster than iron metallization, specifically in the order of Pb, Zn, K, and Na. 相似文献
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采用微波消解样品,建立了一种快速测定钒钛烧结矿中钒、钛、铝、镁、锰、钾、钠、铅、锌9种元素的电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)。试样被王水消解后在选定分析谱线的波长下测定,基体和共存元素对测定元素没有光谱干扰,基体效应用基体匹配法消除。钒、钛、铝、镁的质量分数在0.01%~3.00%范围内,锰、钾、钠、铅、锌的质量分数在0.001%~0.35%范围内,校准曲线呈线性,线性相关系数(r)均大于0.999。方法应用于钒钛烧结矿标准样品的测定,上述元素测定值与认定值相符。对一钒钛样品中铝、钒、钛、锰、镁、锌、钾、钠和铅分别测量10次,测定结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=10)均小于5%,方法可以应用于生产检验中。 相似文献
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The circulation and accumulation of harmful elements in blast furnace were investigated. The results show that the maximum concentration of K and Na in the belly is about 50 times of that in the charge. The zinc increased by 80 times and the Pb is insignificant. The impact of the circulation and accumulation of K, Na, Pb and Zn on the fuel consumption was quantitatively analyzed using Rist diagram. The results show that the gas utilization decreased and the coke rate increased linearly with the increase of load and accumulation times of each harmful element. Given the accumulation times of each element, the loading of Na, K, Zn and Pb into BF leads to the increase of coke rate by 13.99 kg/tHM, 6.25 kg/tHM, 3.63 kg/tHM and 0.02 kg/tHM, respectively. The increased coke rate and the decreased gas utilization under various loads and accumulation times of each element was estimated. 相似文献