基于CFD方法的螺旋槽浮环密封性能分析

建立了螺旋槽浮环密封计算模型,提出了划分区域网格的方法,并确定边界条件.应用CFD-Fluent软件,计算了密封间隙流场速度压力分布,分析了各种工况对泄漏量、浮升力的影响,并与普通浮环密封进行了比较.结果表明:螺旋槽结构具有良好的动压效应,并且流场内出现明显的回流现象;轴颈转速、压差对泄漏量、浮升力影响显著.     

异构化循环氢离心压缩机密封结构特点及运行控制

介绍了异构化循环氢离心压缩机所采用浮环密封的结构原理、浮环密封的特点。结合异构化循环氢离心压缩机的密封介质系统的运行特点,阐述浮环密封系统运行中出现的问题,提出了解决方案及措施,从而保证压缩机的长周期运行。     

循环气压缩机浮环密封失效分析及改造

叙述了循环气压缩机浮环密封在使用过程中存在的问题,对其频繁失效的原因进行了分析,通过将原TBS型浮环密封改为干气密封,取得了良好的密封效果和经济效益。     

螺旋槽气膜浮环密封结构参数设计分析

介绍了螺旋槽气膜浮环密封的结构特点,利用CFD-FLUENT软件分析比较了普通浮环、无坝区螺旋槽浮环和有坝区螺旋槽浮环3种结构的密封性能,建立了螺旋槽几何结构参数变化对浮升力、泄漏量等影响的规律曲线。计算结果表明:有坝区螺旋槽浮环结构密封性能最好;螺旋槽结构参数对密封特性影响较大,综合考虑较小的泄漏量和较大的浮升力,取较小的螺旋角,槽数26~30,槽长7~9mm,槽深25μm左右,槽宽比0.5较适宜。     

浮环密封失产原因及预防措施

叙述了离心压缩机浮环密封的结构、原理、浮环密封失效的原因和危害，以及防止密封失效应采妈的措施。     

干气密封在离心式压缩机上的应用

叙述了离心式压缩机浮环密封在使用过程中存在的问题，介绍了干气密封的工作原理，针对浮环密封比较分析了干气密封的应用效果。     

基于流固热耦合的浮环密封力学特性数值研究

考虑温度的影响,建立浮环密封力学特性流固热耦合数值求解模型,在验证计算方法准确性的基础上,研究浮环密封的流场特性,以及石墨烯、石墨、铝合金以及碳化硅4种材料的浮环密封在不同进口压力、温度时的力学特性。结果表明：浮环密封在偏心时,由于楔形间隙的存在,气流经过这种结构产生流体动压效应,在较薄的流体域一侧形成局部高压区,较厚的一侧压力无明显变化,而温度沿轴向方向逐级升高,且偏心率越大,偏心位置的温度越大;浮环密封流体域温度随着进口压力的升高而降低,因温度影响材料的属性,使得不同材料的浮环密封结构对温度会很敏感;不同材料浮环密封的变形量随进口压力的增加而减小,应变也随着进口压力的增加而减小;4种材料浮环密封的变形量与应力均随着进口温度的增加而增大。     

轴承腔环瓣式浮环密封摩擦热分析

针对航空发动机轴承腔高转速、变压差下的摩擦生热问题,对环瓣式浮环密封的主要参数进行了研究。采用ANSYS有限元软件,建立了密封摩擦发热以边界条件施加的热模型;基于Fluent建立了跑道散热流固热耦合模型,研究了不同阻封气温度、冷却油流量下跑道的温度变化,模拟了温度分布及冷却油散热效果,得出了影响密封发热的主要因素。研究结果表明:密封摩擦发热会引起局部温度过高,产生不均匀热应力导致密封面变形,增大泄漏量,压差、转速等对密封摩擦发热影响很大,应通过减小关闭压力的方式来减少密封的发热;冷却液的冷却效果与跑道的生热量存在极限值,继续增加供油量不会提高跑道的降温效果;该结果可为轴承腔环瓣式浮环密封的摩擦过程研究提供参考。     

大型离心式压缩机浮环密封的控制系统及驰放气排放分析

通过对浮环密封典型控制系统的解剖,尤其是对驰放气4种排放方法的分析,阐述了每种排放方法对压缩机操作带来的影响与效果,从而更好地理解浮环密封的工作状况。     

离心式压缩机浮环密封泄漏的原因

从浮环密封结构及工作原理人手，在理论和实践两方面深刻分析了浮环密封失效的几种表现及浮环密封泄漏的解决办法，并用实例介绍了具体的解决办法及措施。     

基于毛细力的芯片微操作方法研究

提出一种基于毛细力的芯片微操作方法,可实现微芯片的精准拾取、释放以及与尺寸匹配的基底的高精度自对齐。开发可精确模拟液桥形态的双迭代算法,求解微芯片操作过程中的拾取力与释放力,深入研究基于毛细力的微芯片的拾取以及释放的机理以及必要条件。研究液滴体积、基底接触角对微芯片拾取力和释放力的影响。结果表明,拾取力和释放力均随液滴体积的增大而增大,释放力随基底接触角的减小而增大。进一步通过试验验证基于毛细力的芯片微操作方法的可行性,研究液滴体积对微芯片操作的影响,并统计微芯片操作的成功率。基于毛细力的微操作方法在软体机器人、微机电系统、可穿戴设备的集成等领域具有潜在应用。     

Morphological investigations on the lips and cheeks of the goat (Capra hircus): A scanning electron and light microscopic study

The current study was done to provide comprehensive information on the anatomical features of the lips and cheeks of the goat by gross examination and morphometric analysis in addition to scanning electron microscope (SEM). Samples from 12 normal healthy adult goat's heads of both sexes were collected directly after slaughtering. The lips and cheeks were dissected, and specimens were collected for both light and SEM. The lips of goat were soft and mobile. The free border of both lips was characterized rostrally by the presence of labial projections. The number, size, and arrangement of labial projections differed in the upper and lower lips. On the other hand, the buccal papillae were arranged into 6–8 longitudinal rows parallel to the cheek teeth. The length of these papillae decreased caudally while they were absent on the most caudal part of the cheek. Presence of several types and shapes of labial projections and papillae, and buccal papillae suggest a high degree of mechanical adaptation of the lips and cheeks of the goat. This study provides baseline data for clinical studies. This study is the first report to shed light on the morphology of the lips and cheeks of the goat by gross and scanning electron microscopy.     

基于FPGA的FTIR光谱仪采集系统的设计

为了满足人们对于食品药品安全检测快速便携的需要,团队设计一种高速便携,延时低、精度高的新型FTIR光谱仪。光谱采集系统分为上位机和下位机2部分,系统的上位机软件设计是采用跨平台的C++图形用户界面应用程序,该框架(QT Creator)是由编程实现的,下位机的光电部分采用了MEMS微镜使仪器小型化,而下位机采集部分控制主板使用了ZYBO。使用了DAC驱动动镜移动以及ADC用于参考光和样本光数据的同步采集,进而利用多个串口实现了与上位机的完成指令控制以及采集数据传输。低波特率串口用于接收上位机控制指令。2个高波特率串口发送FIFO缓存的光谱数据。经试验验证采集系统的ADC、DAC及UART的时序控制满足了高速高效的需求。但是在便携上可进一步提高,下一步考虑通过利用Linux将上位机部分移植ZYBO内。采集控制设计完全使用了verilog代码进行了仿真与实测,发挥了FPGA的灵活特性,利用例化法提高了采集速率。     

一种新型弱耦合三平移并联机器人机构及其运动学分析

提出一种弱耦合2RRPaR+PPaP三平移操作机器人机构,分析了机构的自由度及拓扑结构特征;推导了机构的正逆解方程以及速度、加速度模型,根据速度雅可比矩阵,分析了机构的奇异位置;根据机构的逆解方程和主要约束,采用三维极坐标边界搜索法绘制了机构的工作空间三维实体图和截面图;由ADAMS三维模型仿真和运动正解方程计算所得的位移、速度、加速度曲线基本一致,验证了运动方程的正确性。该机构解耦性好、结构简单、运动灵活,在纵向移动方向上具有部分解耦和工作空间大的优点,适合用作生产线自动操作手机构。     

油气状态对车辆油气悬挂特性影响建模分析

油气悬挂内部的油液和气体并非绝对的理想状态,而是随着压力变化发生溶解或析出,对悬挂输出特性影响较大。基于此,提出真实气体状态方程,建立考虑气体溶解与析出特性的油气悬挂分析模型。运用Simulink仿真分析模型和油气悬挂性能分析试验台,选取冲击载荷、周期激励及正弦小振幅扫频激励等工况,分析油气悬挂的簧上质量位移和压力响应特性。结果表明:冲击载荷作用1.5 s左右达到平衡状态,试验和仿真平衡位置误差小于3%;周期性激励作用下,运动位移和气体压力的仿真结果与试验测试数据一致,位移最大误差范围在1 mm内,气体压力响应误差范围在0.06 MPa内。扫频激励作用下,系统性能满足要求,试验结果和仿真分析变化趋势基本一致。考虑气体溶解与析出特性的数学模型对油气悬挂设计具有一定的指导意义。     

微波滤波器的装调融合建模与反演

微波滤波器作为关键的选频装置,在设计制造周期中存在一些突出问题,如设计制造周期数据割裂以及数据缺乏有效利用,从而导致设计制造阶段脱节,降低了设计制造迭代效率。文中提出了一种微波滤波器装调融合建模与反演方法,根据滤波器的设计信息、制造数据以及滤波器机理采用自顶向下的方式构建滤波器知识图谱,利用知识图谱对微波滤波器的数据与机理进行规范化存储;利用机理数据融合建模的方法构建微波滤波器正向演进模型;基于正向演进模型,结合渐进空间映射算法,构建微波滤波器快速装调反演模型。演进与反演实验结果表明,预测电性能与实际电性能基本重合,故障滤波器通过两次装调即可满足设计指标。该方法能够实现微波滤波器设计制造数据的有效关联、微波滤波器性能演进的有效预测以及快速装调反演,提高了设计制造周期数据的利用率,增强了滤波器设计与制造的协同。     

聚焦型微通道内气泡生成特性数值模拟

微气泡因具有比表面积小和稳定性好等特点被广泛应用于污水处理和矿物浮选等领域。为了高效获得稳定的微气泡,利用COMSOL软件研究了聚焦型微通道中气、液相流速、表面张力、液相黏度和壁面润湿性对气泡生成的影响。结果表明:当气相流速增加时,气相克服表面张力的能力增强,气泡的脱离尺寸和频率增大,脱离时间减小;液相流速增加时作用在微气泡上的惯性力和剪切力增大,气泡脱离时间和脱离尺寸均减小;表面张力增大时气泡脱离时间和脱离尺寸增大,脱离频率减小;液相黏度增大时,作用于气泡的黏性力随之增大,气泡的脱离时间和脱离直径均随之减小,脱离频率增大;接触角从40°增大到180°,气泡的脱离尺寸和脱离时间整体先增大后减小,脱离频率先减小后增大。     

The actuality and progress of whole sky infrared cloud remote sensing techniques

Clouds are crucial regulators of both weather and climate. Properties such as the amount,type,height,distribution and movement of them have an impact on the earth's radiation budget and the hydrological cycle,thus cloud observation is very important. The disadvantages of zenith pointing measuring instruments and whole sky visible imagers limit the application of them.A summary of the actuality and application of ground-based whole sky infrared cloud measuring instruments and analyses of the techniques of radiometric calibrations,removal of atmospheric emission and calculation of cloud cover,amount,type are conducted to promote the automatically observation of the whole sky. Fully considering whole sky infrared cloud sounding theories,techniques and applications,there are still a lot of studies on improving the properties of instruments,enhancing the techniques of cloud base height measurements and establishing instrumental cloud classification criterion before actual operations.     

Ultrastructure and composition of the cell surfaces of infection structures formed by the fungal plant pathogen Colletotrichum lindemuthianum

A variety of microscopical techniques and molecular probes have been used to study the ultrastructure and composition of the cell surfaces of the conidia (i.e. spores) and infection structures produced by the hemibiotrophic fungal plant pathogen Colletotrichum lindemuthianum. The fungal conidium germinates to produce a germ-tube, the tip of which swells to produce a domed, melanized appressorium which adheres firmly to the plant surface. Penetration of the cuticle and cell wall is followed by the development of a biotrophic intracellular hypha, which is surrounded by an invagination of the host plasma membrane. Freeze-substitution of C. lindemuthianum germlings showed that conidia are coated with a dense layer of fibrillar material. This 'spore coat' contains irregularly shaped pores, giving it a reticular appearance. Negative staining of germlings revealed the presence of numerous long, flexuous fibres or fimbriae, protruding from the surfaces of germ-tubes and appressoria. Colloidal gold was used to visualize fungal extracellular proteins. The colloidal gold stained a fibrillar sheath around germ-tubes, whereas appressoria were surrounded by a halo, comprising an inner unstained region and a stained perimeter. The carbohydrate composition of the cell surfaces of the conidia and infection structures was studied by labelling cells with rhodamine- and fluorescein-conjugated lectins. The results showed that the extracellular matrices of germ-tubes and appressoria are very similar in composition, but differ from those of conidia and intracellular hyphae. Monoclonal antibodies have been prepared to germlings and infection structures of C. lindemuthianum and their use has provided further evidence that the extracellular matrices around germ-tubes and appressoria have several glycoproteins in common. The results also show that the cell surface of C. lindemuthianum becomes specialized during biotrophic development inside host cells.     

Research on key techniques of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system

This paper analysis the developing of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system(XCTD)and introduce its principle of measuring about temperature,salinity and depth of ocean.Some key techniques are put forward.According to the real needs of XCTD,conductivity sensor with high sensitivity is designed by principle of electromagnetic induce,the ocean conductivity from induced electromotive force has been calculated.Adding temperature correction circuit would help to reduce error of conductivity measurement because of sharply changing temperature.Advanced temperature measuring circuit of high precision and the constant current source is used to weaken effect of self-heating of resistance and fluctuation of the source.On respect of remote data transmission,LVDS is a good choice for the purpose of guarantee the quality of data transmitted and the transmission distance is reaching to thousand meters in the seawater.Modular programming method is also brought into this research aimed at improve the stability,reliability and maintainability of the whole measuring system.In February,2015,the trials in South China Sea demonstrate that the developed XCTD realize effective measurement at a speed of 6 knots and detection depth at 800 m.The consistency coefficient of the acquired data is greater than 0.99 and the success rate of probe launching is above 90%.