传统湿毡工艺在服饰品设计中的应用

文章旨在探寻传统湿毡工艺基于当代设计语境和消费需求下的更多可能性。通过对湿毡工艺在面料表现以及服饰品设计中的应用方式进行列举与归纳,为湿毡工艺在服饰品中的应用提供了一定的设计思路与借鉴方法,让消费者能更好地回归并关注到设计与生活本身,同时也让传统湿毡工艺更进一步贴近、融入当代生活。     

高分子湿敏电容的设计

从传感器功能要求出发,阐述了高分子湿敏电容正向设计规则.介绍了电容型高分子湿敏元件的感湿机理、元件结构、工艺过程和感湿材料设计方法,同时以应用示例给予说明.     

深圳华德推出纳米湿敏防伪技术

深圳华德防伪技术开发有限公司近日成功开发纳米湿敏防伪技术，该技术以湿敏材料为基础，采用特殊的印制工艺与方法制作防伪产品，由于材料的特殊性以及生产设备的专有性、工艺复杂性，保证了防伪包装的唯一性。     

直热式半导体陶瓷湿敏电阻器

本文介绍的湿敏电阻器是由新型多孔结构p-型半导体性能MgCr_2O_4-TiO_2陶瓷感湿材料研制而成。阐述了影响元件性能的主要工艺条件。讨论了元件获得较好复现性和稳定性的方法.主要技术参数:测湿范围10～100％RH,工作温区0～100℃,响应时间<10S,测量精度±3％RH,60%RH感湿温度系数约0.37％RH/℃.     

TiO2基陶瓷湿敏元件的研究和发展

TiO2基湿敏陶瓷是一类十分重要的湿敏陶瓷,应用十分广泛.本文综述了TiO2基陶瓷湿敏元件的研究和发展.重点介绍了7种TiO2基陶瓷湿敏元件的材料配方、制备工艺、湿敏性能及研究进展.     

湿垃圾塑料垃圾袋标准研讨会举行

<正>9月24日,为规定湿垃圾专用塑料垃圾袋的术语和定义、标志、技术要求、试验方法、检验规则、抽样、判定标准、标识、包装、运输和储存等标准的制定,"湿垃圾专用塑料垃圾袋环保标准专题会"在环境保护部环境发展中心会议室召开。究竟什么是湿垃圾?目前垃圾的分类主要是四种:可回收垃圾、有害垃圾、厨余垃圾、其他垃圾(又称干垃圾)。湿垃圾主要包括"餐厨垃圾"和"厨余垃圾"     

皮革真空湿加工新技术的试验研究

本文对皮革在真空状态下湿加工技术进行了试验研究，使得湿加工过程物理－化学氛围得到改善，工艺时间大大缩短。废液排放量减少一半以上。     

溅射条件对湿敏薄膜特性的影响

本文介绍了RF溅射制备湿度敏感膜技术,讨论了衬底温度、工作气体及压力、放电电压及时间对湿敏膜感湿特性的影响。实验结果表明,只要认真控制上述工艺条件便可以制成感湿特性良好的湿度敏感膜。     

干砸、湿砸工艺对核桃仁品质的影响

核桃在我国广大地区种植,因其极大的食用和药用价值,成为我国重要经济作物之一。但由于核桃富含油脂,其果仁在贮藏过程中极易因为外界因素而发生酸败变质,导致其品质下降,甚至产生有害物质。本文以"晋龙1号"这一核桃品种为主要试验材料,通过研究干砸、湿砸两种不同去壳工艺处理的核桃仁,在贮藏条件相同情况下(室温25±1℃),其脂肪含量、酸价、过氧化值、SOD值、脂肪酶活性等生理生化指标的变化,找出经过干砸、湿砸去壳工艺处理的核桃仁氧化酸败与抗氧化物质的关联,了解核桃仁油脂氧化酸败的机理。     

TiO2基陶湿敏元件的研究和发展

ＴｉＯ２基湿敏陶瓷是一类十分重要的湿敏陶瓷,应用十分广泛。本文综述了ＴｉＯ２基陶瓷湿敏元件的研究和发展,重要介绍了７种ＴｉＯ２基陶瓷湿敏元件的材料配方、制备工艺、湿敏性能及研究进展。     

铜版纸湿拉毛和湿排斥性能的研究

利用IGT印刷适性仪模拟实际印刷,以铜版纸为纸样,通过改变印刷速度和润版液供给量等印刷条件,考察了3种纸样所产生的湿拉毛和湿排斥效果.结果表明,铜版纸湿拉毛和湿排斥的性能受印刷速度的影响更大.印刷速度越高,铜版纸湿拉毛倾向越小,湿排斥倾向则越明显.另外,铜版纸的优良涂布结构使得其纵横向的湿拉毛和湿排斥性能差别不大.     

胶版纸湿拉毛和湿排斥性能的研究

在实验室中利用IGT印刷适性仪模拟实际印刷,以胶版纸为纸样,通过改变印刷速度和润版液的供给量等印刷条件,考察了3种胶版纸所产生的湿拉毛和湿排斥效果.结果表明,随着印刷速度和润版液用量的各自增加,胶版纸先出现湿拉毛、后出现湿排斥的现象.不同的胶版纸样,湿拉毛、湿排斥的变化规律不完全一致.另外,在固定印刷速度和润版液用量的情况下,同一胶版纸沿丝缕方向出现湿拉毛、湿排斥的程度较轻,而其反面湿拉毛、湿排斥的程度较正面要严重些.     

To Wet or Not to Wet: That Is the Question

Wetting transitions have been predicted and observed to occur for various combinations of fluids and surfaces. This paper describes the origin of such transitions, for liquid films on solid surfaces, in terms of the gas-surface interaction potentials V(r), which depend on the specific adsorption system. The transitions of light inert gases and H₂ molecules on alkali metal surfaces have been explored extensively and are relatively well understood in terms of the least attractive adsorption interactions in nature. Much less thoroughly investigated are wetting transitions of Hg, H₂O, heavy inert gases and other molecular films. The basic idea is that nonwetting occurs, for energetic reasons, if the adsorption potential’s well-depth D is smaller than, or comparable to, the well-depth ε of the adsorbate-adsorbate mutual interaction. At the wetting temperature, T _w, the transition to wetting occurs, for entropic reasons, when the liquid’s surface tension is sufficiently small that the free energy cost in forming a thick film is sufficiently compensated by the fluid-surface interaction energy. Guidelines useful for exploring wetting transitions of other systems are analyzed, in terms of generic criteria involving the “simple model”, which yields results in terms of gas-surface interaction parameters and thermodynamic properties of the bulk adsorbate.     

Carboxymethylstarches in Wet Granulation

Abstract

Commercialized carboxymethystarches (CMS) are both carboxyme-thylated and cross linked potato starch.

The influence of carboxymethylation and cross linkage on the disintegrating properties of starch are studied.

Tablets are made with acetaminophen as drug, Emcompress as diluant, Magnesium stearat as lubricant, and potato starch or its derivatives as disintegrants.

Tablets are prepared by direct compression or by wet granulation with the disintegrant intervening only in internal phasis.

Five disintegrants were studied, with two different concentrations:

native potato starch

potato starch simply cross linked

potato starch simply carboxymethylated

two potato starches both cross linked and carboxymethylated at two different degrees

Compressibility of powders blending and grain for compression are discussed.

The hardness, the tablet disintegration and the rate of drug dissolution are studied.

The results showed that the simply carboxymethylated starch has a totally different behaviour after direct compression or wet granulation. The poor results after wet granulation could be imputed to the bursting of starch granules during grain drying. Since it has lost its granular structure, the carboxymethylated starch will only allow a poor disintegration and a slow dissolution of the drug.

A very similar behaviour of native and simply cross linked starch: the results of which are bad for tablets either prepared by wet granulation or direct compression.

A very similar behaviour of the starches both carboxymethylated and cross linked, allowing a very good disponibility, either with tablets prepared by direct compression or wet granulation. These experiments prove :

the need for an sufficient cross linkage for CMS in a wet granulation process     

Carboxymethylstarches in Wet Granulation

Commercialized carboxymethystarches (CMS) are both carboxyme-thylated and cross linked potato starch.

The influence of carboxymethylation and cross linkage on the disintegrating properties of starch are studied.

Tablets are made with acetaminophen as drug, Emcompress as diluant, Magnesium stearat as lubricant, and potato starch or its derivatives as disintegrants.

Tablets are prepared by direct compression or by wet granulation with the disintegrant intervening only in internal phasis.

Five disintegrants were studied, with two different concentrations:

native potato starch

potato starch simply cross linked

potato starch simply carboxymethylated

two potato starches both cross linked and carboxymethylated at two different degrees

Compressibility of powders blending and grain for compression are discussed.

The hardness, the tablet disintegration and the rate of drug dissolution are studied.

The results showed that the simply carboxymethylated starch has a totally different behaviour after direct compression or wet granulation. The poor results after wet granulation could be imputed to the bursting of starch granules during grain drying. Since it has lost its granular structure, the carboxymethylated starch will only allow a poor disintegration and a slow dissolution of the drug.

A very similar behaviour of native and simply cross linked starch: the results of which are bad for tablets either prepared by wet granulation or direct compression.

A very similar behaviour of the starches both carboxymethylated and cross linked, allowing a very good disponibility, either with tablets prepared by direct compression or wet granulation. These experiments prove :

the need for an sufficient cross linkage for CMS in a wet granulation process     

Prospective Validation of High-Shear Wet Granulation Process by Wet Granule Sieving Method. II. Utility of Wet Granule Sieving Method

The general utility of a method for determination of high-shear wet granulation end point by monitoring the wet granule particle size distribution was evaluated. Wet granulation was conducted in a 25-liter high-shear mixer using four model drugs with different solubilities and particle sizes (ethenzamide, unmilled and milled acetaminophen, and antipyrine). For each drug formulation, its wet granule particle size fraction and target range for granulation end point determination were selected based on the tablet characteristics that are known to be influenced by the wet granulation process. Granules manufactured under different conditions (i.e., different main and chopper blade speeds and binder supplying rate) but manufactured to the same granulation end point determined by the selected fraction and range showed very similar granule characteristics and subsequently very similar tabler characteristics. From the fact that there was a good correlation between the wet and dry-sized granule particle size distributions even if the drying method was changed from fluid-bed drying to vacuum drying, the general application of the end point determining method was verified. Further, the method was shown to be sensitive to the critical granulation parameters for granulation progression and to be very capable of determining the granulation extent. Thus, it was suggested that the method is applicable to various drugs and formulations for determination of wet granulation end point.     

Topological Adhesion of Wet Materials

Achieving strong adhesion between wet materials (i.e., tissues and hydrogels) is challenging. Existing adhesives are weak, toxic, incompatible with wet and soft surfaces, or restricted to specific functional groups from the wet materials. The approach reported here uses biocompatible polymer chains to achieve strong adhesion and retain softness, but requires no functional groups from the wet materials. In response to a trigger, the polymer chains form a network, in topological entanglement with the two polymer networks of the wet materials, stitching them together like a suture at the molecular scale. To illustrate topological adhesion, pH is used as a trigger. The stitching polymers are soluble in water in one pH range but form a polymer network in another pH range. Several stitching polymers are selected to create strong adhesion between hydrogels in full range of pH, as well as between hydrogels and various porcine tissues (liver, heart, artery, skin, and stomach). The adhesion energy above 1000 J m^?2 is achieved when the stitching polymer network elicits the hysteresis in the wet materials. The molecular suture can be designed to be permanent, transient, or removable on‐demand. The topological adhesion may open many opportunities in complex and diverse environments.     

划伤缩微品的湿法复印

复印时,在划伤的缩微品上涂布四氯乙烯等适当液体,可以得到清晰度良好的硬拷贝。本文讨论了湿法复印的基本原理,并报导了试验的方法和结果。本文还讨论了其他有关湿法复印的技术问题。     

Prospective Validation of High-Shear Wet Granulation Process by Wet Granule Sieving Method. I. Selection and Characterization of Sieving Parameters for Wet Granules

To characterize the progression of high-shear wet granulation for various drugs and formulations based on the particle size distribution of wet granules during granulation, a general sieving method for wet granules was investigated. Wet granulation was conducted in a 25-liter high-shear mixer using four model drugs with different solubilities and particle sizes (ethenzamide, unmilled and milled acetaminophen, and antipyrine). Because of its small size and efficient sifting mechanism, a sonic sifter was used to determine the wet granulation particle size distribution. From the good correlation of particle size distribution between wet granules and dry-sized granules, an intensity of 80% of full-scale amplitude and a sieving time of 3 min were selected as wet granule sieving parameters. 7% general sieving method showed good measurement precision as long as the determination was completed within 20 min after sampling, Further, the method was independent of sampling position within the mixer chamber.