分析化学中的碳纳米管修饰电极

对碳纳米管修饰电极的研究现状,分类,应用,以及碳纳米管修饰电极的发展趋势作了比较全面的综述。     

基于碳纳米管修饰电极的酶生物传感器研究进展

本文综述了基于碳纳米管修饰电极的酶生物传感器研究进展,介绍了碳纳米管修饰电极的发展及基于碳纳米管修饰电极的酶生物传感器的检测原理及分类;重点介绍了此类传感器在环境农药分析与生命科学分析中的应用。     

碳纳米管修饰电极的研究进展

化学修饰电极如今在电化学和电分析化学中应用极为广泛。综述了碳纳米管的结构和性能,介绍了碳纳米管修饰电极的制备及应用。     

关于碳纳米管复合电极构建的研究

本文主要综述了利用因具良好物化特性而有广泛应用前景的新材料-碳纳米管修饰神经电极,总结了利用碳纳米管以及碳纳米管导电聚合物复合材料修饰电极的不同方法,以此为基础进行研究,可为神经电极的功能性修复带来光明前景。     

基于碳纳米管修饰电极的酶生物传感器研究进展

文章综述了基于碳纳米管修饰电极的酶生物传感器研究进展,介绍了碳纳米管修饰电极的发展及基于其的酶生物传感器;重点介绍了此类传感器在环境农药分析与生命科学分析中的应用。     

生物电催化方法处理三氯乙酸的研究

蛋白（Hb）固定在碳纳米管修饰电极表面，研究了Hb在碳纳米管修饰电极的直接电化学行为。固载Hb碳纳米管修饰电极在pH=7．0的PBS缓冲溶液中于-0．300V（vsSCE）处有一对相当可逆的循环伏安还原氧化峰，为Hb血红素辅基Fe（Ⅲ）／Fe（Ⅱ）电对的特征峰。利用循环伏安法和恒电位电解法研究了固载Hb的碳纳米管修饰电极对有机氯模型污染物三氯乙酸的电催化还原脱氯，     

碳纳米管修饰电极在药物分析中的应用

总结了近年来国内外碳纳米管修饰电极在药物分析中应用的研究成果,分别从抗菌消炎类药物、抗肿瘤类药物、解热镇痛类药物、维生素类药物以及生命相关物质等几方面综述了碳纳米管修饰电极在药物分析中的最新研究进展。     

氮化碳/碳纳米管复合材料的制备及其在铅离子检测中的应用

用乙二胺和四氯化碳为原料,混合加入碳纳米管,成功制备了氮化碳/碳纳米管复合材料(C3N4/CNTs),并进行了XRD和TEM表征。该复合材料修饰的电极在铅离子的检测中效果明显优于裸的玻碳电极和CNTs修饰的电极。在优化条件下,测得修饰电极灵敏度为270.3μAmol-1L,线性范围0.8到120 nmol L-1,有良好的应用前景。     

浅谈碳纳米管修饰电极在化学分析中的应用

碳纳米管的独特结构和电子特性,使其成为一种优良的电极材料。本文主要介绍了碳纳米管的结构、性质及其功能化,系统阐述了碳纳米管修饰电极的制备及其在电分析化学、药物分析、生物传感器中的应用。     

碳纳米管修饰电极对抗坏血酸的电催化性能研究

采用循环伏安法研究了碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极对抗坏血酸的电催化活性。研究表明,碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极对抗坏血酸具有优异的电催化活性,与裸玻碳电极相比,抗坏血酸在该修饰电极上的氧化峰电位负移0.502 V,氧化峰电流增加78%;抗坏血酸浓度在1.0×10-5～0.1 mol/L范围内呈良好线性关系,最低检测限为1.0×10-6 mol/L。     

改性碳纳米管及其复合材料在废水处理中的应用现状及展望

碳纳米管（carbon nanotube, CNT）具有高比表面积、高吸附能力、优良的导电性和化学稳定性等,但其在水中存在分散性差和催化能力低等问题。为了提高其在废水处理中性能,需要对CNT进行改性,制备复合材料。本文总结了CNT表面改性和复合材料制备方法,论述了改性CNT及其复合材料在电化学氧化、电化学还原、电化学过滤、光催化和膜分离等处理技术中的应用研究进展,并就未来研究方向进行了展望。指出了CNT在未来废水处理方面应用的研究重点包括：①设计经济、方便、温和的改性路线,继续寻求获得新型高效改性CNT及其复合材料,并兼顾稳定性;②开发基于改性CNT及其复合材料特性的废水处理新装置和反应工艺;③关注因改性CNT及其复合材料流失引起的生物、生态效应。     

碳纳米管在电化学传感器中的应用进展

综述了碳纳米管(Carbon Nanotube,CNT)在电化学传感器研究中的应用进展。重点介绍了CNT电极和CNT修饰电极的制备、电化学特性及应用,并对其在DNA电化学生物传感器方面的应用前景与挑战进行了展望。     

Effect of purification of carbon nanotubes on their electrocatalytic properties for oxygen reduction in acid solution

The oxygen reduction reaction has been investigated on acid-treated single-walled (SWCNT) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) modified glassy carbon (GC) electrodes in acid media using the rotating disk electrode (RDE) method. Different acids were used for the carbon nanotube (CNT) purification. A systematic study was carried out to elucidate whether the metal catalyst impurities of CNTs play a role in the electroreduction of oxygen on the CNT modified GC electrodes. The surface morphology of the carbon nanotube samples was examined by transmission electron microscopy and the concentration of metal catalysts in the CNT materials was determined by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The acid-treated MWCNTs were also characterised by Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies. Aqueous suspensions of SWCNTs and MWCNTs used for GC surface modification were prepared in the presence of Nafion. The RDE results indicated that the acid-treated CNT modified GC electrodes are less active catalysts for oxygen reduction than as-received CNTs which could be explained by the absence of metal catalysts on the surface of purified CNTs.     

Fabrication of functional micro- and nanoneedle electrodes using a carbon nanotube template and electrodeposition

Carbon nanotube (CNT) is an attractive material for needle-like conducting electrodes because it has high electrical conductivity and mechanical strength. However, CNTs cannot provide the desired properties in certain applications. To obtain micro- and nanoneedles having the desired properties, it is necessary to fabricate functional needles using various other materials. In this study, functional micro- and nanoneedle electrodes were fabricated using a tungsten tip and an atomic force microscope probe with a CNT needle template and electrodeposition. To prepare the conductive needle templates, a single-wall nanotube nanoneedle was attached onto the conductive tip using dielectrophoresis and surface tension. Through electrodeposition, Au, Ni, and polypyrrole were each coated successfully onto CNT nanoneedle electrodes to obtain the desired properties.     

碳纳米管表面Pd纳米颗粒对甲醇的电催化氧化研究

采用电化学循环伏安法分别在碳纳米管(CNT)和玻碳(GC)电极表面沉积Pd纳米颗粒。扫描电镜(SEM)和XRD分析显示了Pd纳米颗粒均匀分散于碳纳米管表面,而在GC表面则趋向于堆积形成Pd金属薄膜。比较研究了Pd/CNT和Pd/GC电极在碱液中对甲醇的电催化氧化性能,循环伏安结果发现,Pd/CNT对甲醇的催化活性要高于Pd/GC电极;而交流阻抗谱研究发现,Pd/CNT电极对甲醇具有更快的催化氧化速率。另外,不同Pd载量,不同环境温度以及不同甲醇浓度的研究表明,相对于Pd/GC电极,Pd/CNT电极对甲醇的催化氧化具有更高的灵敏度和电化学稳定性。     

Synthesis and electro-catalytic activity of methanol oxidation on nitrogen containing carbon nanotubes supported Pt electrodes

Template synthesis of various nitrogen containing carbon nanotubes using different nitrogen containing polymers and the variation of nitrogen content in carbon nanotube (CNT) on the behaviour of supported Pt electrodes in the anodic oxidation of methanol in direct methanol fuel cells was investigated. Characterizations of the as-prepared catalysts are investigated by electron microscopy and electrochemical analysis. The catalyst with N-containing CNT as a support exhibits a higher catalytic activity than that carbon supported platinum electrode and CNT supported electrodes. The N-containing CNT supported electrodes with 10.5% nitrogen content show a higher catalytic activity compared to other N-CNT supported electrodes. This could be due to the existence of additional active sites on the surface of the N-containing CNT supported electrodes, which favours better dispersion of Pt particles. Also, the strong metal-support interaction plays a major role in enhancing the catalytic activity for methanol oxidation.     

Electrophoretic deposition of carbon nanotube–ceramic nanocomposites

The purpose of this paper is to present an up-to-date comprehensive overview of current research progress in the development of carbon nanotube (CNT)–ceramic nanocomposites by electrophoretic deposition (EPD). Micron-sized and nanoscale ceramic particles have been combined with CNTs, both multiwalled and single-walled, using EPD for a variety of functional, structural and biomedical applications. Systems reviewed include SiO₂/CNT, TiO₂/CNT, MnO₂/CNT, Fe₃O₄/CNT, hydroxyapatite (HA)/CNT and bioactive glass/CNT. EPD has been shown to be a very convenient method to manipulate and arrange CNTs from well dispersed suspensions onto conductive substrates. CNT–ceramic composite layers of thickness in the range <1–50 μm have been produced. Sequential EPD of layered nanocomposites as well as electrophoretic co-deposition from diphasic suspensions have been investigated. A critical step for the success of EPD is the prior functionalization of CNTs, usually by their treatment in acid solutions, in order to create functional groups on CNT surfaces so that they can be dispersed uniformly in solvents, for example water or organic media. The preparation and characterisation of stable CNT and CNT/ceramic particle suspensions as well as relevant EPD mechanisms are discussed. Key processing stages, including functionalization of CNTs, tailoring zeta potential of CNTs and ceramic particles in suspension as well as specific EPD parameters, such as deposition voltage and time, are discussed in terms of their influence on the quality of the developed CNT/ceramic nanocomposites. The analysis of the literature confirms that EPD is the technique of choice for the development of complex CNT–ceramic nanocomposite layers and coatings of high structural homogeneity and reproducible properties. Potential and realised applications of the resulting CNT–ceramic composite coatings are highlighted, including fuel cell and supercapacitor electrodes, field emission devices, bioelectrodes, photocatalytic films, sensors as well as a wide range of functional, structural and bioactive coatings.     

Highly flexible and stretchable carbon nanotube network electrodes prepared by simple brush painting for cost-effective flexible organic solar cells

We developed highly flexible and transparent carbon nanotube (CNT) network electrodes prepared by a simple brush-painting method for the production of cost-effective flexible organic solar cells (FOSCs). By direct, rapid brush-painting of CNTs on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate using a conventional paintbrush made of nylon fibrils, we achieved percolated CNT network electrodes with a low sheet resistance of 286 Ω/square, a high diffusive transmittance of 78.45%, and superior mechanical flexibility at room temperature. The electrical, optical, and mechanical properties of the brush-painted CNT electrodes were investigated as a function of the number of repeated brush-painting cycles. In particular, brush-painted CNT electrodes showed outstanding flexibility in several test modes, including outer bending, inner bending, twisting and stretching, which are critical requirements in flexible electrodes. Notably, the brush-painted CNT network electrodes had a constant resistance change (ΔR/R₀) within outer and inner bending radii of 5 mm during dynamic fatigue testing. FOSCs fabricated on the brush-painted CNT electrode showed a power conversion efficiency of 1.632%, indicating the possibility of using brush-painted CNT electrodes as cost-effective flexible and transparent electrodes for printing-based low cost FOSCs.     

染料修饰电极的研究进展

染料修饰电极因其电化学响应大,稳定性好且制备简单,引起了人们广泛的研究兴趣,发展非常迅速。本文介绍了近年来染料修饰电极的制备及其应用情况,并对染料修饰电极的发展趋势作了展望。     

Recent advances in bio‐sourced polymeric carbohydrate/nanotube composites

Nanotubes (NTs), especially carbon nanotubes (CNTs), have attracted much attention in recent years because of their large specific surface area, and their outstanding mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties. In this review we emphasize the development of fascinating properties of polymeric carbohydrate/CNT composites, particularly in terms of their mechanical and conductivity properties and potential applications. Many methods used to modify CNTs during preparation of polymeric carbohydrate/CNT composites are presented. Moreover, we also discuss the enhanced mechanical and electrical effectiveness when hybrid CNTs or halloysite nanotubes were incorporated into different carbohydrate polymer matrices. Finally, we give a future outlook for the development of polymeric carbohydrate/CNT composites as potential alternative materials for various applications including sensors, electroactive paper, electrodes, sorbents for environmental remediation, packaging film, specialty textile, and biomedical devices. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40359.