共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
为了降低绳驱动并联外骨骼的结构不稳定性所带来的运动学建模误差,改善外骨骼对不同穿戴者的适应能力,提升外骨骼的穿戴舒适度,提出了一种新型穿戴机构并应用于绳驱动并联上肢外骨骼康复机器人CURE-7.首先,介绍了一种绳驱动外骨骼康复机器人,该外骨骼具有特制的穿戴机构,兼具绳驱动设备和并联机构的优点;然后,设计穿戴机构的欠驱动穿戴模块和柔性肘关节,建立外骨骼的运动学模型并对关键参数的影响进行了研究;最后,开发了穿戴机构样机并安装于外骨骼上,进行了健康人的运动轨迹跟踪实验和手臂穿戴外骨骼时的受力实验以证明穿戴机构的有效性.实验结果表明,通过采用新的穿戴机构,受试者肘关节前屈运动轨迹跟踪标准误差平均降低了约41%,肩关节外展运动轨迹跟踪标准误差平均降低了约30%,穿戴压力最大值降低了约23%,不同部位的压力方差也有较大幅度的降低. 相似文献
2.
近年来,康复机器人辅助中风病人的康复治疗吸引了越来越多的关注。相对于传统的由康复师进行的中风治疗,康复机器人进行的治疗更为精确,且不受康复师主观因素的影响,能够显著提高康复治疗的效果。本文介绍了一个拥有5 自由度上肢与 4 自由度下肢的可穿戴便携式康复外骨骼机器人。机器人的所有自由度都由患者的肌电信号驱动,帮助患者进行失能肢体的康复训练。该机器人可穿戴和便携的特性为患者行走功能的康复提供了新的手段。康复过程中,患者的所有康复运动数据(包括患者的表面肌电信号数据和每个关节的运动数据)都可以被采集,便于在线分析和离线记录。 相似文献
3.
对于脊髓损伤、脑损伤等因素导致下肢运动障碍的患者,利用下肢外骨骼康复机器人可在患者损伤早期进行精准康复,并在康复过程中优化康复策略。本文详细对比了下肢外骨骼康复机器人相比于传统康复方法的优势,并结合国内外研究现状阐述了不同外骨骼机器人的设备特点及应用场景,详细分析了机器人的驱动方式、控制系统以及训练模式等关键技术。最后,着重探讨了下肢外骨骼康复机器人未来发展所面对的挑战,并针对机械结构优化、驱动算法优化、康复流程智能化、基于虚拟现实技术的应用场景优化及康复效果评估等5方面提出了可行的探讨,对下肢外骨骼康复机器人未来的技术发展趋势作出可行分析。 相似文献
4.
唐欣尧;刘晓宜;王旭鹏;郝雨阳;张心怡 《信息与控制》2025,54(2):161-183
有效支持手工搬运(manual material handling,MMH)工作中劳动者降低职业性肌肉骨骼疾病(Work-related MusculoSkeletal Disorders,WMSDs),尤其是下背痛(low back pain,LBP)的风险,是外骨骼助力技术的一个重要应用方向。本文系统地梳理了动力型、无动力型和准被动型三类腰椎助力外骨骼的研究现状与关键技术。通过对机械结构、驱动方式、人机交互及舒适性等方面的分析,揭示了各类型外骨骼的设计特点及应用适配性。结果表明,动力型外骨骼在助力性能和人机协调性方面表现优越;无动力型外骨骼以轻便性为优势,适用于短时低负荷任务;准被动型外骨骼通过结合能量回收机制,实现了适度助力与节能的平衡。本文明确了当前研究中存在的助力性能优化、人机交互适配性提升等关键问题,提出了基于智能材料与先进控制策略的设计建议,确定并讨论了目前研究中存在的问题和发展前景,为未来腰椎助力外骨骼的研发提供了理论基础与实践指导。 相似文献
5.
为辅助对患肢进行高强度标准化康复训练工作,研制了一种基于外骨骼原理的可穿戴式4自由度上肢康复机器人.该康复机器人可实现肩关节水平方向外展/内收、竖直方向上摆/下摆和旋转运动以及肘关节的屈/伸运动.首先根据康复医学原理确定出人手臂各关节的运动角度范围,并在确保驱动力矩最小的原则下进行结构设计.然后,对各结构进行了运动学与动力学仿真分析,并据此对结构进行优化.最后,设计了康复机器人在连续被动康复运动(CPM)模式下的控制系统.实验结果表明,此结构方便穿戴于人体,机器人的运动自由度与人体运动自由度同轴,能有效地对患肢前、后臂各部位进行支撑和牵引,精确地施加牵引力于上肢的各关节. 相似文献
6.
《机器人技术与应用》2016,(2):47-48
1.单位简介
西北机电工程研究所隶属于中国兵器工业集团公司,1957年创建于北京,现坐落于中国历史文化名城咸阳,毗邻首个以创新城市发展方式为主题的国家级新区—西咸新区和西安咸阳国际机场。首任所长是被誉为"中国的保尔·柯察金"、为新中国成立做出突出贡献的"双百"英模人物吴运铎同志。全所占地470余亩,总资产近22亿元,员工1300余人, 相似文献
7.
针对老龄化社会对于康复和看护助力搬运的需要,提出了用气压驱动器实现轻量、柔性助力、穿戴舒适的可穿戴式腰部助力机器人.机器人采用无外骨骼的结构设计,可以给护理人员在提升重物和静态保持作业时输出腰部所需助力,降低下腰痛(Low back pain,LBP)致病风险.通过对重物搬运作业中穿戴者竖脊肌表面肌电信号(Surface electromyography,sEMG)评估、基于测力平台最大搬举重量测试、静态弯腰负重作业下人体重心(Center of gravity,COG)移动轨迹等相关实验,验证了助力有效性. 相似文献
8.
外骨骼助行机器人耦合在人体下肢各关节处实现整体协调运动。有效、合理的关节运动轨迹对于外骨骼的辅助运动至关重要。通过对助行机器人结构特征及关节运动角度的分析,采用D-H参数法建立了外骨骼机器人在矢状面内的正向和逆向运动学模型,并通过位姿变换求解出各关节变化量。针对外骨骼助行机器人关节运动进行轨迹规划,利用MatlabRobotics Toolbox中的link函数建立了外骨骼二连杆机构的三维仿真模型,并采用五次多项式插值函数对外骨骼髋关节、膝关节进行了关节轨迹规划。仿真得到关节位移、速度和加速度三个运动轨迹曲线。仿真结果光滑连续,符合外骨骼辅助运动的特征。该研究能够为外骨骼助行机器人的控制设计提供参考。 相似文献
9.
10.
下肢外骨骼机器人是一种可穿戴且融合了多种机器人技术的复杂人-机系统。它将人类的智慧与机器人强壮的能力有效地结合起来,最大限度地提高人体的机动力和耐力,这为提升单兵作战系统的能力创造了条件。鉴于下肢外骨骼机器人在作战、后勤保障时可能遇到的复杂地形、多变随机的任务等,仅通过基于既定的典型步态规划程序驱动执行已知的特定动作,难以保证人机间的耦合性和动作的高随意性切换。为此,模拟并提炼出士兵常见的六种下肢动作作为后续研究,然后分析了下肢外骨骼机器人的感知控制原理,并提出了基于脑电预判感知、肌电精确感知和光纤实时校正的多信息融合的感知方法,强调将人的智能参与到机器人控制中,以期推进士兵可穿戴下肢外骨骼机器人的实用化。 相似文献
11.
High value manufacturing systems still require ergonomically intensive manual activities. Examples include the aerospace industry where the fitting of pipes and wiring into confined spaces in aircraft wings is still a manual operation. In these environments, workers are subjected to ergonomically awkward forces and postures for long periods of time. This leads to musculoskeletal injuries that severely limit the output of a shopfloor leading to loss of productivity. The use of tools such as wearable sensors could provide a way to track the ergonomics of workers in real time. However, an information processing architecture is required in order to ensure that data is processed in real time and in a manner that meaningful action points are retrieved for use by workers.In this work, based on the Adaptive Control of Thought—Rational (ACT-R) cognitive framework, we propose a Cognitive Architecture for Wearable Sensors (CAWES); a wearable sensor system and cognitive architecture that is capable of taking data streams from multiple wearable sensors on a worker’s body and fusing them to enable digitisation, tracking and analysis of human ergonomics in real time on a shopfloor. Furthermore, through tactile feedback, the architecture is able to inform workers in real time when ergonomics rules are broken. The architecture is validated through the use of an aerospace case study undertaken in laboratory conditions. The results from the validation are encouraging and in the future, further tests will be performed in an actual working environment. 相似文献
12.
The design of the SensVest 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
James F. Knight Anthony Schwirtz Fotis Psomadelis Chris Baber Huw W. Bristow Theodoros N. Arvanitis 《Personal and Ubiquitous Computing》2005,9(1):6-19
The SensVest is an item of wearable technology that measures, records and transmits aspects of human physical performance such as heart rate, temperature and movement. The SensVest has been designed for use by science teachers and students to meet their requirements. This paper reports the stages undertaken to design the SensVest, from determining appropriate methods of assessing human performance, to considerations of mounting the technology on the body. Trials have shown that concessions need to be made with ease of use and cost to ensure that the data collected is reliable and usable, with an awareness of the sensors limitations. By designing the SensVest with the wearer in mind a system has been developed that is comfortable, does not inhibit normal performance and is wearable. User trials have shown that meaningful, reliable and useful data can be collected using the SensVest.
相似文献
James F. KnightEmail: |
14.
Harnesses are used in wearable robots in safety, sports, medical, and industrial environments. Wearable robot harnesses for lower extremities should be designed to prevent musculoskeletal disorders caused by excessive strain on the spine and lower extremities when users wear these robots for prolonged periods. Therefore, this study compares and analyzes the usability of the two harnesses—the former (old design) and the latter (new design)—for the Hyundai chairless exoskeleton (CEX). In total, 27 participants took part in this study. The wearability, stability, and overall wearing satisfaction of the former and the latter harnesses were compared. We conducted an experiment where the participants wore the former and the latter harnesses while completing a series of tasks that resembled the ones performed by the workers on a front-end module assembling line of an automobile factory. After the experiment, the participants took part in a survey and semi-structured interviews. The data was analyses by t-test, correlation, and regression analyses. The survey results demonstrated that for the latter harness the cushioning sensation (thigh r = 0.539; calf r = 0.516) had the strongest effect on the overall wearing satisfaction. In addition, the latter harness scored higher in overall wear satisfaction than the previous harness. This study was able to verify the difference between the new and old designs according to the usability evaluation of the harness. The results of this study are considered to be helpful in design to improve the usability of the harness in the future. 相似文献
15.
Workers in various industries are often subject to challenging physical motions that may lead to work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). To prevent WMSDs, health and safety organizations have established rules and guidelines that regulate duration and frequency of labor-intensive activities. In this paper, a methodology is introduced to unobtrusively evaluate the ergonomic risk levels caused by overexertion. This is achieved by collecting time-stamped motion data from body-mounted smartphones (i.e., accelerometer, linear accelerometer, and gyroscope signals), automatically detecting workers’ activities through a classification framework, and estimating activity duration and frequency information. This study also investigates various data acquisition and processing settings (e.g., smartphone’s position, calibration, window size, and feature types) through a leave-one-subject-out cross-validation framework. Results indicate that signals collected from arm-mounted smartphone device, when calibrated, can yield accuracy up to 90.2% in the considered 3-class classification task. Further post-processing the output of activity classification yields very accurate estimation of the corresponding ergonomic risk levels. This work contributes to the body of knowledge by expanding the current state in workplace health assessment by designing and testing ubiquitous wearable technology to improve the timeliness and quality of ergonomic-related data collection and analysis. 相似文献
16.
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are the leading cause of the nonfatal injuries for construction workers, and a worker’s overexertion is a major source of such WMSDs. Pushing, pulling, and carrying movements—which are all activities largely associated with physical loads—account for 35% of WMSDs. However, most previous studies have focused on the identification of non-ergonomic postures, and there has been limited effort expended on measuring a worker’s exposures to the physical loads caused by materials or tools during construction tasks. With the advantage of using a wearable inertial measurement sensor to monitor a worker’s bodily movements, this study investigates the feasibility of identifying various physical loading conditions by analyzing a worker’s lower body movements. In the experiment with laboratory settings, workers performed a load carrying task by moving concrete bricks. A bidirectional long short-term memory algorithm is employed to classify physical load levels; this approach achieved 74.6 to 98.6% accuracy and 0.59 to 0.99 F-score in classification. The results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach in identifying the states of physical loads. The findings of this study contribute to the literature on classifying ergonomically at-risk workers and on preventing WMSDs in high physical demand occupations, thereby helping enhance the health and safety of the construction workplace. 相似文献
17.
A survey of Certified Professional Ergonomists (CPEs) was conducted to gather information on the types of basic tools, direct and observational measurement techniques, and software used by practitioners. The motivation for the survey was to better understand what types of tools and methods practitioners use, their opinions of these tools, and to potentially gain an understanding of the constraints or preferences that influence this selection. Reasons for using or not using a selection of tools were also surveyed. Of 578 surveys that were delivered to CPEs and Associate Ergonomics Professionals, 308 were returned for a response rate of 53%. The respondents tended to be biased towards physical ergonomics, as the survey primarily focused on this area of ergonomics. A high percentage of respondents reported using tape measures, video cameras, stopwatches and digital cameras. The most commonly used observational methods were those involving manual materials handling, whereas the most commonly used direct measurement tools were pinch and grip dynamometers and push/pull gauges. The frequency and type of checklists, software, and anthropometric data used are summarized. 相似文献
18.
下肢康复外骨骼能辅助或替代医师完成下肢康复训练,并能帮助患者自立,重新融入社会。设计了一种基于事件检测的下肢康复外骨骼服,所谓事件是指人机接口获得的一些状态序列。基于事件的运动意图检测主要有两个目的:第一,以透明的方式检测穿戴者的运动意图;第二,提高运动意图检测的准确性和容错性。提出的下肢康复外骨骼服包括仿生机械结构、人机接口、控制器、电机驱动子系统和电源子系统。仿生机械结构用于支持骨骼服的重量以及穿用者的身体。电机驱动子系统采用盘式电机带动骨骼服的膝关节和髋关节。人机接口子系统通过传感器和传输网络,运用基于事件的运动意图检测技术感知患者的运动状态和运动意图。控制器采用位置闭环控制。仿真结果表明了系统的可行性和实用效果。 相似文献
19.
20.
《Ergonomics》2012,55(7):903-907
Technological development has contributed to economic growth and social progress as well as a reduction of many sources of occupational accidents, injuries and stresses. However, advanced technology has also brought new sources of work stress and injuries. Industrially developing countries (IDC) have tended to try to achieve economic growth and development by importing technology designed for IDC. However, because of several complex technical, cultural and socio-economic factors, this policy has not been always successful. Inappropriate technology transfer has led to many work environment and productivity problems. Consideration of ergonomics in the choice and utilization of the transferred technology can help to create a good fit between technology, technology users and the operating environment. Application of ergonomics is, however, not widely spread in most IDC. Ergonomics input will create the appropriate working environment in which people are safe and motivated to participate and can better utilize company resources for increasing system productivity, reliability and availability. 相似文献