Cu基钎料MIG钎焊接头断裂行为分析

研究用Cu3SilMn钎料、Cu10Mn6Ni钎料分别MIG钎焊镀锌Q235钢板及1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢板。试验结果表明,在钎料／母材界面分别存在Si、Mn富集带,经XRD分析Si是以Fe2Si相形式存在,而Mn是以固溶体形式存在;用Cu3SilMn、Cu10Mn6Ni钎料钎焊镀锌Q235钢板接头抗拉强度试样均断在母材,抗拉强度为308．2－308．7MPa,钎焊1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢板,拉伸均断在钎缝,其抗拉强度分别是331．5MPa、423．6MPa;拉伸断口分析发现,断裂起裂点在搭接钎缝的根部,主要是母材成分与少量的钎料成分混合、溶解而成,是脆性断口;止裂点在钎缝金属中（Cu3SilMn钎料）或在近界面上（Cu10Mn6Ni钎料）,是塑性断口。     

Mechanical properties of welded joints in thin walled aluminium extrusions

Abstract

The present work describes the tensile properties of weldments in thin walled extruded Al–Mg–Si alloys. Tungsten inert gas (TIG), metal inert gas (MIG), and friction stir (FS) welding are considered. Properties of joints welded with different filler metals are presented, both matching and undermatching the parent materials in strength. The weldments were tested in both as welded and post-weld aged conditions. It is shown that silicon rich filler metals (Al–5Si and Al–12Si) were adequate for the welding of 6063 alloy but did not give welds with strength sufficient to match that of 6082 alloy. Tungsten inert gas welding resulted in large heat affected zone (HAZ) widths of 20 mm, compared with HAZ widths of 10 and 8 mm for MIG and FS welding respectively. This relationship was also seen in tensile tests where FS specimens exhibited the highest strength and TIG specimens exhibited the lowest strength. The post-weld aged materials recovered some strength, with increases in tensile strength of 10–15% for 6063 alloy and of 20% for alloy 6082 compared with the strengths of the as welded specimens. Comparisons between experimental data and two design codes, a draft European standard and the British standard BS 8118, show that the European standard is conservative for welds in thin walled material. Standard BS 8118 describes MIG and FS HAZ widths well but underestimates the HAZ width for TIG welds.     

Fe3Al合金的钎焊性能试验研究

分别采用铜基钎料及工业纯铝1060(L2)作中间层在空气炉中进行Fe3Al合金的钎焊试验。试验结果表明：采用铜基钎料钎焊Fe3Al合金与18—8钢试样,钎料对母材的润湿性良好,且在Fe3Al合金一侧出现Cu的晶间渗入现象及微裂纹;采用纯铝箔作中间层钎焊Fe3Al合金,接头区域有明显的扩散反应区,通过对接头区的显微硬度进行测定,并结合X射线衍射分析结果,发现在接头处有高硬度的脆性相(Fe2Al5)生成。     

Growth behavior of interfacial compounds in galvanized steel joints with CuSi_3 filler under arc brazing

1Introduction Arc brazing is a relatively new joining technique.The main advantages over existing commercially available joining processes are its low cost and potential for being easily incorporated as a workstation in the production chain.This will sign…     

焊丝对T2紫铜/316L不锈钢GTAW接头组织及性能的影响

采用钨极氩弧焊,分别填充纯铜焊丝和307Si焊丝对T2紫铜/316L不锈钢异种金属进行对接焊,探究焊丝对铜/不锈钢异种金属接头微观组织、力学性能和耐蚀性的影响. 结果表明,铁-铜液相分离对焊缝组织的形成起主导作用,但由于过冷度不同,填充两种焊丝制备焊缝的液相分离程度不同:铜焊丝制备焊缝中生成了初次液相分离富铁球,其内部又发生二次液相分离现象,生成富铜相;307Si焊丝制备焊缝中生成了初次液相分离富铜相,但富铜相并未呈现二次液相分离特征. 两种焊丝制备接头在拉伸试验中均断裂于铜侧热影响区,抗拉强度均超过铜母材强度的80%. 拉伸断口分布着韧窝和延伸区,呈现典型的韧性断裂特征. 腐蚀及电化学试验结果表明,与307Si焊丝制备接头相比,铜焊丝制备接头的腐蚀深度差更大,腐蚀电流密度更高,耐蚀性更差.     

镍基非晶态合金材料真空钎焊特性研究

研究了非晶态Ｎｉ（８０－ｘ）Ｃｒ１０Ｂ２．５Ｓｉ４,５Ｆｅ３Ｃｕｘ合金钎料真空钎焊１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ的钎焊特性,并对铜的影响进行了探讨。结果表明,非晶态合金钎料钎焊性能优于晶态合金钎料,铜的适量添加有利于提高钎焊接头的综合性能。     

Laser brazing of a dissimilar joint of austenitic stainless steel and pure copper

In many industries, there are applications that require the joining of stainless steel and copper components; therefore, the welding of dissimilar stainless steel/copper joints is a common process. For this investigation, the optimal brazing conditions and suitable filler metals for laser brazing of stainless steel/copper lap joints were studied. Tensile shear force increases with increases in the laser spot diameter or in the laser irradiation angle, which is associated with increased bonding width; however, as bonding width approaches 2 mm, tensile shear force reaches a saturated value due to fracturing at the HAZ of the Cu base plate. In order to obtain joints with high tensile shear strength, laser brazing was optimized by using Cu–Si-based filler metal under the following conditions: laser power, 4 kW; spot diameter, 3 mm; laser irradiation angle, 80°; irradiation position shift, 0.6 mm; brazing speed, 0.30 m/min; and filler metal feed speed, 0.30 min. Concerning filler metals, it was found that the Ni–Cu type showed relatively large tensile shear force even at high welding speeds in comparison with those of the Cu–Si, Cu, Cu–Ni, Ni–Cu and Ni types, respectively.     

Analysis of intermetallic layer in dissimilar TIG welding–brazing butt joint of aluminium alloy to stainless steel

Abstract

Intermetallic layer of dissimilar tungsten inert gas welding–brazing butt joint of aluminium alloy/ stainless steel has been studied. A visible unequal thickness intermetallic layer has formed in welded seam/steel interface, and the thickness of the whole layer is <10 μm. The interface with Al–12Si filler metal consists of τ ₅-Al₈Fe₂Si layer in welded seam side and θ-(Al,Si)₁₃Fe₄ layer in steel side with the hardness values of 1025 and 835 HV respectively, while the interface with Al–6Cu filler metal consists of θ-Al₁₃(Fe,Cu)₄ layer with the hardness of 645 HV. The average tensile strength of the joint with Al–12Si filler metal is 100–120 MPa, and the fracture occurs at θ-(Al,Si)₁₃Fe₄ layer, while the joint with Al–6%Cu filler metal presents high crack resistance with tensile strength of 155–175 MPa, which reaches more than 50% of aluminium base metal strength.     

Fe_3Al合金与A304钢的TIG焊试验研究

采用TIG焊方法,分别选择9Cr-1Mo钢焊丝、A347焊丝和Inconel82Ni基合金焊丝作填充材料对Fe3Al合金与A304不锈钢进行焊接试验,并对接头质量进行了检测分析。结果表明:三种填充焊丝的焊缝中均有裂纹产生,并且在Fe3Al合金的热影响区还出现了微裂纹;采用Cr-Mo钢焊丝时,溶池金属沿Fe3Al母材基体结晶长大,接头区组织较均匀,而采用Ni基焊丝时,Fe3Al侧存在界线明显的熔合区。     

Fe3Al合金与A304钢的TIG焊试验研究

采用TIG焊方法，分别选择9Cr-1Mo钢焊丝、A347焊丝和Inconel82Ni基合金焊丝作填充材料对Fe3Al合金与A304不锈钢进行焊接试验，并对接头质量进行了检测分析。结果表明：三种填充焊丝的焊缝中均有裂纹产生，并且在Fe3Al合金的热影响区还出现了微裂纹；采用Cr—Mo钢焊丝时，溶池金属沿FeAl母材基体结晶长大，接头区组织较均匀，而采用Ni基焊丝时，Fe3Al侧存在界线明显的熔合区。     

Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of TIG and FSW Joints of a New Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr Alloy

A new Al-5.8%Mg-0.4%Mn-0.25%Sc-0.10%Zr (wt.%) alloy was successfully welded by tungsten inert gas (TIG) and friction stir welding (FSW) techniques, respectively. The mechanical properties and microstructure of the welded joints were investigated by microhardness measurements, tensile tests, and microscopy methods. The results show that the ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation to failure are 358, 234 MPa, and 27.6% for TIG welded joint, and 376, 245 MPa and 31.9% for FSW joint, respectively, showing high strength and superior ductility. The TIG welded joint fails in the heat-affected zone and the fracture of FSW joint is located in stirred zone. Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy is characterized by lots of dislocation tangles and secondary coherent Al₃(Sc,Zr) particles. The superior mechanical properties of the TIG and FSW joints are mainly derived from the Orowan strengthening and grain boundary strengthening caused by secondary coherent Al₃(Sc,Zr) nano-particles (20-40 nm). For new Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy, the positive effect from secondary Al₃(Sc, Zr) particles in the base metal can be better preserved in FSW joint than in TIG welded joint.     

包覆钎料铝-钢螺柱焊接头组织及性能

采用包覆钎料感应加热方法,以AlSi钎料作为焊缝填充金属,对Q235钢螺柱和6061铝合金进行钎焊.利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱分析等表征方法,对接头的组织、成分和相组成等进行了分析.结果表明,AlSi钎料与铝母材反应充分,Si元素扩散至铝母材形成针叶状的共晶组织,焊缝近钢侧生成一条狭窄连续的Fe-Al金属间化合物,并沿垂直于铝基体的方向生成出胞状晶,金属间化合物层由Fe2Al5和FeAl3的混合相组织组成.力学性能测试表明,接头的抗剪强度最大为65 MPa,近钢侧金属间化合物的显微硬度值较高,接头断裂在金属间化合物区域,属于延性断裂.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of tungsten inert gas welded–brazed Mg/Ti lap joints

The tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding–brazing technology using Mg based filler was developed to join AZ31B Mg alloy to TA2 pure Ti in a lap configuration. The results indicate that robust joints can be obtained with welding current in the range of 60–70 A and welding speed of 0·2 m min^?1. The joints were found to be composed of the coarse grained fusion zone accompanied with the precipitated phase of Mg₁₇Al₁₂, and a distributed Mg–Ti solid solution zone at the interface of Mg/Ti, indicating that metallurgical bonding was achieved. The maximum tensile–shear strength of 193·5 N mm^?1, representing 82·3% joint efficiency relative to the Mg alloy base metal, was attained. The optimised Mg/Ti joint fractured at Mg fusion zone upon tensile–shear loading, mainly caused by grain coarsening. Moreover, the fracture surface practically consisted of scraggly areas, which was characterised by equiaxed dimple patterns accompanied with a few lamellar tearing.     

Microstructure and Properties of TIG/FSW Welded Joints of a New Al-Zn-Mg-Sc-Zr Alloy

A new Al-Zn-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy with low Sc content was welded by tungsten inert gas (TIG) and friction stir welding (FSW) techniques. The microstructure and properties of those two welded joints were investigated by property tests and microstructural observations. The results show that the new Al-Zn-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy has desirable welding property. The ultimate tensile strength and welding coefficient of the TIG joint reach 405 MPa and 76.7%, respectively, and in FSW joint those property values reach 490 MPa and 92.6%, respectively. The studied base metal has a deformed fibrous subgrains structure, many nano-scaled Al₃(Sc,Zr) particles, and very fine aging precipitates. In the TIG joint, the fusion zone consists of coarsened dendritic grains and the heat-affected zone (HAZ) has fibrous micro-scaled subgrains. The FSW welded joint is characterized by a weld nugget zone, thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ), and HAZ. Due to plastic deformation around the rotating pin and anti-recrystallized effectiveness of Al₃(Sc,Zr) particles, the weld nugget zone has a very fine subgrain structure. The TMAZ experiences some dissolution of aging precipitates. Coarsening of aging precipitates was observed in the HAZ. The better mechanical properties of the FSW joint are derived from a fine subgrain structure and homogeneous chemical compositions.     

不锈钢与耐候钢MIG电弧钎焊工艺

采用手工MIG电弧钎焊工艺对SUS304不锈钢与Q355GNHD耐候钢薄板对接接头进行工艺试验,按照相关技术标准进行焊接工艺评定。结果表明,MIG电弧钎焊工艺能够成功用于SUS304不锈钢和Q355GNHD耐候钢薄板对接接头的钎焊,焊缝成形质量良好,经X射线探伤无缺陷;接头的抗拉强度平均值为339.58 MPa,接头强度系数为78.97%。采用光学显微镜观察SUS304不锈钢与铜基钎料间产生的渗透裂纹,讨论渗透裂纹的产生机理。     

Growth behavior of interfacial compounds in galvanized steel joints with CuSi3 filler under arc brazing

The galvanized steels were joined using a TIG arc brazing process with CuSi₃ as the filler metal. The arcing time ranged from 1 s to 5 s with arcing current of 70 A in flowing argon. The possible reaction products at the interface were confirmed using thermodynamics, SEM, and EDS methods. The results show that a fragmention behavior in some whisker-like intermetallic compounds happens, and that there are two layers of Fe₂Si and Fe₅Si₃ formed at the interface of the galvanized steel and copper filler. From this, the schematic cycle of the interface growth behavior of Fe/Si compounds and the fragmentation behavior of whisker-like intermetallic compounds are developed.     

Cu-P基非晶钎料钎焊机理

采用CuP7．7Sn5．4Nil4Si0．2Zr0．04晶态与非晶钎料钎焊紫铜,通过微观手段对比分析了钎焊温度和保温时间对晶态与非晶态钎料钎焊接头成分和组织的影响．结果表明,CuP7．7Sn5．4Nil4Si0．2Zr0．04非晶钎料钎焊接头由界面区、扩散区以及钎缝中心区组成;随钎焊温度提高或保温时间增加,晶态钎料和非...     

真空钎焊不锈钢接头组织及扩散处理研究

采用BNi-2,BNi-5这2种镍基钎料真空钎焊1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢.利用金相分析,X射线衍射物相分析方法对钎焊接头组织特性、相组成和扩散处理后组织进行了研究.结果表明:在真空钎焊过程中,钎料和母材中元素产生明显扩散;扩散处理能够消除钎缝中化合物相,使接头组织均匀化.     

核电站高温用电气贯穿件馈通线钎焊密封技术

对陶瓷表面先进行金属化处理,再使用常规钎料钎焊陶瓷与金属,利用无氧铜环作为过渡层来缓解钎焊过程中产生的残余应力,可获得无焊接缺陷、气密性良好的电气贯穿件馈通线。SEM和EDS分析结果表明,无氧铜棒与无氧铜环钎焊接头主要由灰色的Cu基固溶体、白色的Ag基固溶体及Ag-Cu共晶组织组成。陶瓷与无氧铜环钎焊接头、陶瓷与可伐合金钎焊接头主要由Cu基固溶体、Ag-Cu共晶组织、Cu-Ni固溶体组成。     

EFFECT OF Ti CONTENT ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF Si_3n_4/Si_3N_4 JOINT BRAZED USING Cu-Zn-Ti ALLOY

1.IntroductionWiththedevelopmentofaerospace,energyandelectronicindustries,advancedmaterialsarebecomingmoreandmoreimPOrtant.CerdricmaterialshavevariousadVantagessuchashighthermalresistance,corrosionresistanceandwearresistance,whichcansatisfymanyindustryreqUirements.However,becauseOfthehighbrittlenessandPOOrmachiningproperties,cerawhcmaterialsisverydifficulttobeusedasthestructurecomponentswithlargesizeorcomplicatedshapes.Therefore,weldingofceradricmaterialsisoneofthekeytechniqUesfortheirappl…