汽车齿轮热处理进展综述

目前我国的汽车齿轮热处理技术落后于发达国家很多年，急需新的热处理技术提高国产汽车齿轮质量。本文简单阐述了齿轮热处理的传统工艺，以及一些齿轮热处理新技术新工艺，最后对未来齿轮热处理技术的发展发向做了简单介绍。     

低真空变压热处理技术的特点及其发展

低真空热处理是真空热处理范畴中的一支生力军，是一种廉价的真空热处理技术；改变炉压可迅速排除炉膛内氧，水蒸气等有害气体，可加速渗碳，渗氮过程。综合低真空热处理和变压热处理的优点研制了低真空变压热处理技术及其工艺装备，它是20世纪40－50年代水平的箱式炉，井式炉和大部分盐浴淬火炉更新换代佳品，适用于工模具和机械零件的热处理。     

球罐整体热处理

本文概述了球罐焊后进行整体热处理的目的、方法，并详细说明了为保证球罐整体热处理效果，采用燃油内燃法对球罐进行整体消除应力热处理的一般施工过程，以及进行整体热处理时的工艺控制。     

ZnO压敏陶瓷热处理的正电子湮没寿命谱研究

在常温下测量了ＺｎＯ压敏陶瓷经不同方法热处理后的正电子湮没有寿命谱，结果表明，与无热处理比较，７５０℃×２ｈ的氧化热处理基本不改变缺陷强度Ｉ２；随后进行的７５０℃×２ｈ还原热处理则使Ｉ２明显降低，氧化热处理和还原热处理均使缺陷寿命τ２延长。根据正电子理论和ＺｎＯ压敏陶瓷晶界缺陷模型，该结果支持适当温度下的氧化热处理使氧离子Ｏ吸会于晶界中这一假设，同时，我们还得出：晶界吸附的Ｏ并非Ｂｉ２Ｏ３相变的结     

除氧器拼接热处理施工技术

工业化施工朝着大型化、模块化、机械化、精密化的方向发展，提高生产率的同时，也对焊接及热处理提出了更高的要求。热处理质量不仅会增加施工成本，且为机组运行埋下隐患，严重影响企业形象。本文从施工现场实际出发，对除氧器拼接热处理施工过程进行改进，加强热处理施工的管理，制定了详细的施工操作方法，提高了施工效率，有效地保证了除氧器拼接热处理的施工质量，为机组的稳定运行奠定了基础。     

热处理对AB5型快淬态储氢合金组织结构及电化学性能的影响

为了研究热处理对AB5型快淬态储氢合金的组织结构及电化学性能的影响，在773K和973K分别对三种成分的快淬态储氢合金La1-xAx（Ni，Co，Sn）5进行了热处理，利用XRD与TEM技术分析了合金热处理前后的组织结构，利用充放电测试装置，研究了合金热处理前后的电化学性能．研究结果表明：热处理使合金内部晶格应力得以释放，恢复了扭曲的晶胞形状，使合金可以吸收更多的氢；热处理使晶粒得以细化，晶界比例相应增加，抗粉化能力增强．经过热处理后合金的容量及循环寿命均有所提高。     

无缝高压钢瓶热处理规范的探究

本文针对钢质无缝气瓶机械性能的要求，选用35CrMo为瓶体材料，设计了3种热处理实验方案，通过这3种热处理方案的验证比较，寻求能够获得良好综合机械性能的热处理工艺并应用于生产实际，取得了良好效果。     

RF溅射沉积Ce：YIG磁光薄膜的热处理结晶化研究

基片温度低于溅射外延条件，采用低溅射功率密度磁控溅射沉积，进行后期热处理结晶晶化，制备出膜厚为３００ｎｍ的掺铈钇铁石榴石Ｃｅ：ＹＩＧ磁光薄膜。对热处理前的的磁光特性进行比较，并分析了热处理结晶化过程中附属相的变化。薄膜在空气中热处理结晶化过程中附属相的变化。薄膜在空气中热处理结晶化温度在６５０℃附近。热处理后，室温上６３３ｎｍ处其法拉第旋转系数约为１．９×１０＾４ｄｅｇ／ｃｍ，光吸收系数为２５００     

35CrMo钢的缺口拉伸试验

通过对３５ＣｒＭｏ钢的三种不同热处理工艺下缺口拉伸及缺口偏斜拉伸试验，表明不同热处理工艺下，材料的缺口敏感性不同，调质热处理较其它两种处理工艺具有更好的使用性能。     

热处理技术与装备——原《国外金属热处理》

《热处理技术与装备》创刊于1980年，始终坚持先进性、科学性和实用性的办刊方针，是综合介绍国内外热处理技术与装备的窗口和媒介。主要报道：先进热处理工艺、装备、检测技术，新型材料的研制、开发、应用，设备引进、消化吸收、改造及国产化，新技术推广应用，技术革新、技术改造，科学管理方面的成功经验，计算机应用，科技动态等。《热处理技术与装备》是机械及冶金行业科研院所、大专院校和工矿企业从事热处理的专家、学者、技术人员以及管理人员知识更新的有力工具和工作学习的良师益友。     

细晶铸造K418合金热等静压后热处理制度的研究EI

通过力学性能和合金组织比较了三种热处理制，确定了细晶铸造Ｋ４１８合金热等静压后所使用的热处理制度。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of high boron white cast iron with about 4 wt% chromium

The microstructure and mechanical properties of high boron white cast irons with about 4 wt% chromium before and after treating with rare earth magnesium alloy were studied in this article. The experimental results indicate that the cast irons comprise a dendritic matrix and interdendritic eutectic borides M₂B and M′_0.9Cr_1.1B_0.9 that distributed in the form of continuous network in as-cast condition. The matrix is made up of fine pearlite in the alloys with and without modification, but the grain size of the matrix is decreased greatly after modification. After water quenching at 1,303 K and tempering at 473 K, the matrix of the alloy mostly changes to lath-type martensite. For the alloy without modification the boride morphology remains almost unchanged after heat treatment. And a secondary precipitation of M₂₃(C,B)₆ compound appears in the central region of dentritic matrix grains. The morphology of the eutectic borides is changed to the form of isolated blocks after heat treatment and there is only little intragranular M₂₃(B,C)₆ particles in the matrix are found in the alloy modified with rare earth magnesium alloy. The modification by rare earth magnesium alloy can refine the primary austenite and the eutectic borides. Combined with a high austenitizing temperature the modification can improve the morphology of the borides which results in the improvement of toughness and tensile strength.     

细晶铸造K418合金晶粒度的显示与评级方法研究

本文研究了Ｋ４１８合金细晶铸件晶粒度的显示和评级方法，实际应用证明是可行的。     

细晶铸造K418合金叶片EI

研究了K418合金细晶形成的方法,细晶叶片的铸造工艺参数及其获得的晶粒度等级,并讨论了细晶形成的原理。     

Influence of precipitate morphology on the high-temperature deformation of Ir-Nb alloys

The compression strength of an Ir-15at%Nb alloy at 1473 and 2073 K was investigated. A coherent two-phase fcc L1₂ structure was found in the Ir-15Nb alloy. The L1₂ precipitate morphology depended on the heat treatment. Cuboidal L1₂ precipitates with a size of 100 nm and a plate-like fcc phase inside (type A) were found after heat treatment at 1773 K. The plate-like fcc phase disappeared after heat treatment at 2073 K for 24 h, and only a cuboidal L1₂ phase remained (type B). Coarse rectangular L1₂ precipitates with a length of 400 nm (type C) were found after heat treatment at 2073 K for 168 h. The influence of L1₂ precipitate morphology on the high-temperature strength and dislocation structure was investigated after the compression test. A bypass mechanism in which dislocations spread in the narrow fcc phase was dominant in the type A and B structures during deformation at 1473 K. In the type C structure, bypassing of precipitates was found to be dominant. At 2073 K, deformation by a shearing mechanism was dominant in the type A and B structures, while deformation by a bypassing mechanism was dominant in the type C structure. When the precipitate size was large and the fcc channel width was wide in the type B structure, a bypassing mechanism was dominant. The deformation mechanisms are discussed in terms of the precipitate morphologies.     

舰船冷凝器用B30铜合金传热管标准体系

综述了舰船冷凝器用B30铜合金传热管标准的国内外现状,在对比分析B30铜合金传热管的化学成分、室温拉伸性能、工艺性能、无损检测等主要技术内容的基础上,结合舰船冷凝器用B30传热管的腐蚀泄漏问题,提出了B30传热管标准技术内容的增加建议。      

γ′相对高钨镍基高温合金拉伸和持久变形行为的影响

对K416B高钨高温合金进行固溶和时效处理以调整其中γ?相的形貌使其具有两种尺寸,研究了铸态和热处理态合金的拉伸和持久变形行为。结果表明,铸态K416B合金中的γ?相在基体中分布均匀,其平均尺寸为200 nm,能有效阻碍位错在基体中运动从而使其屈服强度提高。在热处理态的K416B合金中析出了两种γ?相,其尺寸分别为1μm和100 nm。在热处理态K416B合金的室温拉伸过程中全位错剪切大尺寸初生γ?相和以Orowan机制绕过小尺寸二次γ?,使其屈服强度降低。在高温下二次γ?相更容易粗化而使γ基体的宽度增大,促进位错剪切γ?相而使持久应变速率提高。同时,在持久变形过程中纳米级W6C颗粒在γ-γ?相界面弥散析出消耗大量W元素降低γ-γ?两相的错配度,使合金的强化水平下降而导致其持久寿命大幅度降低。     

K418高温合金涡轮裂纹产生原因分析

某K418高温合金涡轮超转试验后发现裂纹,采用金相检验、化学成分分析、断口分析及能谱分析等方法,对裂纹的形成原因进行了分析。结果表明:由于涡轮熔模铸造用型壳在浇铸前未清洗干净或型壳结合不牢,使得在铸造过程中型壳中的物质被卷到液体合金里形成沿晶分布的夹杂物,造成晶界结合力弱化,从而导致涡轮在超转试验的作用力下沿晶界薄弱处产生裂纹。     

Effect of heat treatment on the structure and hardness of FeCrNiAl alloys

Heat treatment of the Fe-35Cr-21 Ni-6.7Al-0.3Zr alloy results in the formation of an alumina layer on its surface. The NiAl-based B2 phase particles in this alloy change their dispersion state according to the heat treatment conditions. Structural and hardness changes of the alloy were examined for specimens heat-treated at a temperature between 1323 and 1523 K for 0.3 to 54.0 ks followed by air cooling at a rate of 100 Ks^–1. Three sizes of B2 phase particles were observed, i.e. particles of several micrometres, 100 to 300 nm and a few dozen nanometres; the thickness of the alumina layer on the surface increased with heating time. The particles of several micrometres disappeared from the near-surface region as the heat treatment proceeded, and instead finely dispersed B2 particles of 100 to 300 nm or a few dozen nanometres appeared after fast cooling from the heat-treatment temperature. Thus, the matrix hardness increased with heating time and heating temperature, since more fine particles were obtained.     

Structural evolution and grain growth kinetics of the mechanically alloyed Fe50Al50 during heat treatment

Nanocrystalline FeAl powder is synthesized by subsequent heat treating the Fe50Al50 (at.%) alloy prepared by mechanical alloying. During annealing the milled FeAl powder, the grain growth of B2-FeAl occurs with the order transformation from Fe(Al) to B2-FeAl. The activation energy for the nanocrystalline FeAl growth is calculated to be 534.9 kJ/mol, according to the kinetics theory of nanocrystalline growth. The grain growth of FeAl is significantly inhibited especially at elevated temperature.