2000年我国合成树脂展望

本文以最新的情报信息资料，全面地，系统地综述了我国１９９０－２０００年合成树脂ＬＤＰＥ，ＬＬＤＰＥ，ＨＤＰＥ，ＥＶＡ，ＣＰＥ，ＰＰ，ＰＶＣ（含ＰＶＤＣ），ＰＳ（ＧＰＰＳ，ＨＩＰＳ，ＥＰＳ），ＡＢＳ，ＡＣＳ，ＭＢＳ，ＳＢＳ等发展情况，新建装置，生产能力；近年来开发成功的新产品，特性及应用；并对合成树脂发展予以展望。     

FPE和PVC的相互作用及其对PVC/CPE/FPE合金性能和形态结构的影响

用ＦＴＩＲ光谱证实了ＰＶＣ与ＰＥ８ＤＢＭ（简称ＦＰＥ）之间存在着氢键和偶极偶极的作用,其中以氢键作用为主。测定了ＰＶＣ／ＣＰＥ／ＰＥ和ＰＶＣ／ＣＰＥ／ＦＰＥ合金的力学性能,用ＤＳＣ、相衬显微镜及ＳＥＭ表征了这两个体系的微观形态结构,研究了共混物中异种分子间的相互作用对合金性能与形态结构的影响     

本世纪未我国合成树脂发展概况

本文以最新的信息资料，介绍对我国１９９０－２０００年合成树脂ＬＤＰＥ、ＬＬＤＰＥ、ＨＤＰＥ、ＥＶＡ、ＣＰＥ、ＰＰ、ＰＶＣ（含ＰＶＤＣ）、ＰＳ、ＡＢＳ、ＡＣＳ、ＭＢＳ、ＳＢＳ的发展状况，新建装置，生产能力，以及年近来开发成功的新产品及应用等，并做了全面系统的分析和预测。     

反应挤了HDPE／PET共混合金结构与性能研究

采用ＤＳＣ、ＷＡＸＤ、ＳＥＭ及ＴＧＡ等方法研究了ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＥＴ共混合金在增溶剂Ｅ／ＶＡＣ或Ｅ／ＡＡ作用下的结晶性、形态结构及热稳定性。结果表明，Ｅ／ＶＡＣ或Ｅ／ＡＡ的加入，使ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＥＴ体系中ＨＤＰＥ组分的熔融热焓降低，结晶度下降，但熔融峰位置和晶胞基本保持不变；从ＳＥＭ照片可以观察到Ｅ／ＶＡＣ、Ｅ／ＡＡ对共混体系具有一定的增容作用，Ｅ／ＡＡ和效果优于Ｅ／ＶＡＣ；共混体系的热稳定性随Ｅ／ＶＡ     

透明PVC／MBS合金的研究

本文对不同型号的ＰＶＣ与ＭＢＳ进行共混改性,通过冲击,应力－应变试验,动态力学分析（ＤＭＡ）、扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）和紫外可见光谱研究了ＰＶＣ／ＭＢＳ共混体系的性能与形态结构之间的关系。结果表明,用ＭＢＳ改性ＰＶＣ既能有效地提高共混物的韧性,又能保证其具有良好的透光率。     

PVC／SBR热塑性弹性体的研制

以ＡＢＳ、氯丁橡胶（ＣＲ）、马来酸酐（ＭＡ）接枝ＳＢＲ（ＳＢＲ－ＭＡ）作增容剂对ＰＶＣ／ＳＢＲ的共混比、增容剂、增塑剂用量做了优化选择。同时对动态硫化ＰＶＣ／ＳＢＲ的硫化体系、硫化工艺条件进行了探讨,并比较了动态硫化对共混体性能的影响。结果表明：ＰＶＣ／ＳＢＲ为８０／２０,增容剂ＡＢＳ／ＳＢＲ－ＭＡ为５／５时,选用半有效硫化体系,１６５℃下动态硫化６ｍｉｎ,共混物综合性能最佳     

HIPS对没PVC体系的改性研究

研究了刚性有机粒子ＨＩＰＳＤ对不同改性ＰＶＣ体系力学性能的影响。结果表明,对于改性ＰＶＣ／ＰＥ－Ｃ基体添加少量的ＨＩＳＰ后,共混体系塑化行为改善,缺口冲击度明显提高,拉伸强度下降不大;而对于改性ＰＶＣ和改性ＰＶＣ／ＭＢＳ基体,共混体系的力学性能没有提高,且有负面影响。     

BR／PVC／SBS三元橡塑热弹性弹性体的配方设计及工艺研究

介绍了用动态硫化法挤出制备丁腈橡胶／聚氯乙烯／苯乙烯－丁二烯－苯乙烯共聚物（ＢＲ／ＰＶＣ／ＳＢＳ）三元橡塑热塑性弹性体,并采用ＤＳＣ、ＳＥＭ、布拉本达流变仪和力学方法研究其工艺条件、配方组成与结构、性能的关系。本研究的ＢＲ／ＰＶＣ／ＳＢＳ三元橡胶热塑性弹性体综合了ＰＶＣ、ＳＢＳ、ＢＲ三者的优点,可用于高档鞋料。     

PE—g—MAH对HDPE／PA6共混合金的增容作用

利用ＤＳＣ研究了ＰＥ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ对ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＡ６共混体系的增容作用,并讨论了ＰＥ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ对ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＡ６共混物的混容性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明：ＰＥ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ能有效地增强ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＡ６共混体系两相界面的相互作用,改善ＨＤＰＥ和ＰＡ６的相容性,是效果较好的增容剂。适量的ＰＥ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ的加入可使ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＡ６共混合金的可混性能提高,并有一定的增强作用。     

PVC／ABS合金体系微观结构与宏观性能的研究

文中着重从微观角度以透射电子显微镜和动态粘弹谱仪为手段研究ＰＶＣ／ＡＢＳ合金的相容性和相结构，从宏观角度研究ＰＶＣ／ＡＢＳ合金的力学性能，研究结果表明：ＰＶＣ／ＡＢＳ共混材料具有亚微观多相宏观均相的结构，共混体系在ＡＢＳ低组发和高组分时均有较好的相容性。本项研究所制备的ＰＶＣ／ＡＢＳ合金材料，在ＡＢＳ含量１０％左右时，不仅能有效地提高材料的抗冲击性能，而且具有较好的抗拉伸和抗弯曲性能。     

ABS/PVC/CPE共混体系的力学性能

研究了填充改性丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)三元共聚物、聚氯乙烯(PVC)和CPE三元共混体系力学性能与结构的关系。结果表明，在ABS／PVC共混体系中加入增容剂氯化聚乙烯(CPE)后，提高了共混体系的相容性和机械力学性能；随着共混体系中CPE用量的增加，ABS／PVC／CPE共混体系的冲击强度、断裂伸长率上升，拉伸强度下降，而弹性模量则出现了极大值。     

硬质高聚合度PVC的改性

以硬质高聚合度ＰＶＣ为对象,采用ＤＯＰ、ＣＰＥ或ＳＡＮ进行增韧改性,研究了液体丁腈、ＡＣＲ及内、外润滑剂对加工流变性能的影响,结果表明,ＣＰＥ是高聚合度ＰＶＣ的优良增韧改性剂,对拉伸强度影响很小,ＳＡＮ对ＰＶＣ／ＣＰＥ＝１００／１０体系起到既增韧又增强效果,用量在３份以下,ＬＮＢＲ可降低熔体的表观粘度、缩短塑化时间,降低能耗,改善流变性,ＡＣＲ－２可明显改善熔体强度,促进熔融塑化,在高速剪切下,表面平整光滑,从力学性能、混炼状态、熔体流动和挤出物外观,选择ＥＳＯ、丁二烯、ＴＲＯ１６为润滑剂。硬质料的挤出性能及外观接近进口料水平。     

Comparison of the toughening mechanisms of poly(vinyl chloride)/chlorinated polyethylene and poly(vinyl chloride)/acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene copolymer blends

In this study, the influence of chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) and acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene copolymer (ABS) on the mechanical properties of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/CPE and PVC/ABS hybrids were examined. The experimental results show that the toughness of the hybrids could be modified greatly by the introduction of CPE or ABS. The microstructure and impact surfaces of the blends were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. ABS dispersed in the form of particles or agglomerates in the PVC matrix, and CPE tended to disperse as a net structure. In the tensile test, ABS initiated crazes as stress concentrators to toughen the PVC matrix, whereas CPE, with the PVC matrix together, caused a yield deformation by shear stress to form a shear band. The formation of crazes and shear bands benefited the toughening of PVC, but to the different extent. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 916–924, 2003     

ABS／PVC共混改性的研究

考察了PVC含量对ABS/PVC共混体系性能的影响。为了进一步提高共混体系的性能，在体系中分别加入CPE、MBS做为第三组分。通过性能比较，发现MBS可有效提高共混体系的综合性能。为了增加共混体系的阻燃性能，加入助阻燃剂Sb2O3，结果表明共混体系的阻燃性能有了很大提高。     

MBS树脂的生产和技术概况及其发展动态

简要介绍了PVC抗冲改性剂MBS树脂的国内外生产概况,详细阐述了MBS树脂的技术概况,并简要分析了国内有关MBS树脂生产、技术、市场和价格等方面的一些发展动态.     

Toughening modification of poly(vinyl chloride)/ α‐methylstyrene‐acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene copolymer blends via adding chlorinated polyethylene

In this study, poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC)/α‐methylstyrene‐acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene copolymer (AMS‐ABS) (70/30)/chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) ternary blends was prepared. With the addition of CPE, it did not exert a negative influence in both the glass transition temperature and heat distortion temperature. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that addition of CPE did not play a negative role in the thermal stability. With regard to mechanical properties, high toughness was observed combined with the decrease in tensile strength and flexural strength. With the addition of 15 phr CPE, the impact strength increased by about 21.0 times and 8.5 times in comparison with pure PVC and PVC/AMS‐ABS (70/30) blends, respectively. The morphology correlated well with the impact strength. It was also suggested from the morphology that shear yielding was the major toughening mechanisms for the ternary blends. And there existed a change in the fibril structures that are observed in scanning electron microphotographs. Our present study shows that combination of AMS‐ABS and CPE improves the toughness without sacrificing the heat resistance, and the value of notched impact strength can be enhanced to the same level of super‐tough nylon. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 54:378–385, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers     

ABS and CPE modifiers in rigid PVC

A comparison of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) as PVC modifiers showed ABS to improve processability at low concentrations. CPE is more effective at high levels. Almost all the modifiers improved impact strength dramatically at 10 parts per hundred of resin. CPE containing 36 percent chlorine was the most effective, but reduced PVC modulus and heat-deflection temperature more than ABS.     

苯乙烯在MBS中的结合方式对PVC/MBS性能的影响

以乳液聚合法合成了化学组成恒定的具有核-壳结构的(甲基丙烯酸甲酯/丁二烯/苯乙烯)共聚物(MBS),通过改变原料及其配比,使苯乙烯(St)在MBS中以共聚或接枝方式结合,用动态力学热分析仪研究了MBS内耗与温度的关系。将MBS与聚氯乙烯(PVC)共混,研究了St结合方式对共混物冲击韧性及增韧机理的影响,结果表明,随着MBS核中St含量的增加,PVC/MBS共混物的脆-韧转变向高温移动;当St仅以接枝的方式结合时,橡胶粒子的空洞化及剪切屈服是主要的增韧机理,当St仅以共聚方式结合时,剪切屈服是主要的增韧机理。     

Blends of poly(2,6‐dimethyl‐1,4‐phenylene oxide)/polyamide 6 toughened by maleated polystyrene‐based copolymers: Mechanical properties,morphology, and rheology

Poly(2,6‐dimethyl‐1,4‐phenylene oxide)/polyamide 6 (PPO/PA6 30/70) blends were impact modified by addition of three kinds of maleated polystyrene‐based copolymers, i.e., maleated styrene‐ethylene‐butylene‐styrene copolymer (SEBS‐g‐MA), maleated methyl methacrylate‐butadiene‐styrene copolymer (MBS‐g‐MA), and maleated acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene copolymer (ABS‐g‐MA). The mechanical properties, morphology and rheological behavior of the impact modified PPO/PA6 blends were investigated. The selective location of the maleated copolymers in one phase or at interface accounted for the different toughening effects of the maleated copolymer, which is closely related to their molecular structure and composition. SEBS‐g‐MA was uniformly dispersed in PPO phase and greatly toughened PPO/PA6 blends even at low temperature. MBS‐g‐MA particles were mainly dispersed in the PA6 phase and around the PPO phase, resulting in a significant enhancement of the notched Izod impact strength of PPO/PA6 blends from 45 J/m to 281 J/m at the MBS‐g‐MA content of 20 phr. In comparison, the ABS‐g‐MA was mainly dispersed in PA6 phase without much influencing the original mechanical properties of the PPO/PA6 blend. The different molecule structure and selective location of the maleated copolymers in the blends were reflected by the change of rheological behavior as well. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

对称型双端过渡态丁二烯/苯乙烯嵌段共聚物的性能研究

采用以双卤代烷烃取代型双锂齐聚物为引发剂、环己烷为溶剂、丁二烯 (B)、苯乙烯 (S)单体一次加入的方法 ,合成了对称型双端过渡态丁二烯 /苯乙烯嵌段共聚物S— (S/B)—B— (B/S)—S ,并对其性能进行了研究。结果表明 ,对称型双端过渡态丁二烯 /苯乙烯嵌段共聚物具有明显的海岛两相结构 ,嵌段共聚物存在两个玻璃化温度 ;随着单体配比 (质量比 )S/B的增大 ,嵌段共聚物的各项物理性能变化趋势不明显。