Increasing application accessibility through Java

Java has begun to open up new possibilities for accessing applications on the Web. With Java, developers can write applications as applets and insert them into Web pages. The user can then retrieve and execute them with local computing resources. We show how developers can use this feature to create a network computing platform that lets Web users share applications not specifically devised for network use, including those that are computationally intensive. With our approach, the network is not involved as long as the user executes operations on the graphical interface, which is executed locally on the client. Only when users require some computational response from the server do they need to access it. Access is straightforward; authorized users can access the application from any node connected with the Internet as long as they have a Java-enabled Web browser. We have used used one such network computing platform to port an existing tool and develop a new application     

基于JavaServlet实现交互式Web应用

作为一种新兴的信息载体,Internet正逐渐成人们日常生活当中不可缺少的一部分,而这一切应归功于Web应用的出现。Web应用基于客户／服务器的结构,现在Internet上最流行的应用大多采用Web方式。传统的Web服务功能有限,难以满足许多Web应用的需要,于是技术人员想出许多办法来扩展服务器的功能。JavaServlet就是一种这样的技术。因其独特的优势,JavaServlet成为现在开发Web应用的主流技术,尤其是电子商务应用方面,该文详细地介绍了JavaServlet的技术特点及开发方法。     

JAMES: An object‐oriented Java framework for discrete optimization using local search metaheuristics

This paper describes the Java Metaheuristics Search framework (JAMES, v1.1): an object‐oriented Java framework for discrete optimization using local search algorithms that exploits the generality of such metaheuristics by clearly separating search implementation and application from problem specification. A wide range of generic local searches are provided, including (stochastic) hill climbing, tabu search, variable neighbourhood search and parallel tempering. These can be applied to any user‐defined problem by plugging in a custom neighbourhood for the corresponding solution type. Using an automated analysis workflow, the performance of different search algorithms can be compared in order to select an appropriate optimization strategy. Implementations of specific components are included for subset selection, such as a predefined solution type, generic problem definition and several subset neighbourhoods used to modify the set of selected items. Additional components for other types of problems (e.g. permutation problems) are provided through an extensions module which also includes the analysis workflow. In comparison with existing Java metaheuristics frameworks that mainly focus on population‐based algorithms, JAMES has a much lower memory footprint and promotes efficient application of local searches by taking full advantage of move‐based evaluation. Releases of JAMES are deployed to the Maven Central Repository so that the framework can easily be included as a dependency in other Java applications. The project is fully open source and hosted on GitHub. More information can be found at http://www.jamesframework.org . Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The implementation of a secure and pervasive multimodal Web system architecture

While most users currently access Web applications from Web browser interfaces, pervasive computing is emerging and offering new ways of accessing Internet applications from any device at any location, by utilizing various modes of interfaces to interact with their end users. The PC and its back-end servers remain important in a pervasive system, and the technology could involve new ways of interfacing with a PC and/or various types of gateways to back-end servers. In this research, cellular phone was used as the pervasive device for accessing an Internet application prototype, a multimodal Web system (MWS), through voice user interface technology.This paper describes how MWS was developed to provide a secure interactive voice channel using an Apache Web server, a voice server, and Java technology. Securing multimodal applications proves more challenging than securing traditional Internet applications. Various standards have been developed within a context of Java 2 Micro Edition (J2ME) platform to secure multimodal and wireless applications. In addition to covering these standards and their applicability to the MWS system implementation, this paper also shows that multimodal user-interface page can be generated by using XSLT stylesheet which transforms XML documents into various formats including XHTML, WML, and VoiceXML.     

Next-generation Web searches for visual content

Major search engines such as Hotbot (http://www.hotbot.com) help us find text on the Web, but typically have few or no capabilities for finding visual media. Yet many Web users, such as magazine editors or professional Web site designers, need to find images using just a few global features. My colleagues and I developed a prototype system called ImageScape (http://skynet.liacs.nl) to find visual media over intranets and the Web. The system integrates technologies such as vector quantization-based compression of the image database and k-d trees for fast searching over high-dimensional spaces     

Searching and editing MPEG-compressed video in a distributed online environment

WebClip (on-line demo at http://www.ctr.columbia.edu/webclip) is a compressed video searching and editing system operating over the World Wide Web. WebClip uses a distributed client-server model including a server engine for content analysis/editing, and clients for interactive controls of video browsing/editing. It specializes several unique features, including compressed-domain video feature extraction and manipulation, multi-resolution video access, content based video browsing/retrieval, and a distributed network architecture.     

Applications of a Web query language

In this paper we report on our experience using WebSQL, a high level declarative query language for extracting information from the Web. WebSQL takes advantage of multiple index servers without requiring users to know about them, and integrates full-text with topology-based queries.The WebSQL query engine is a library of Java classes, and WebSQL queries can be embedded into Java programs much in the same way as SQL queries are embedded in C programs. This allows us to access the Web from Java at a much higher level of abstraction than bare HTTP requests.We illustrate the use of WebSQL for application development by describing two applications we are experimenting with: Web site maintenance and specialized index construction. We also sketch several other possible applications.Using the library, we have also implemented a client-server architecture that allows us to perform interactive intelligent searches on the Web from an applet running on a browser.     

Scaling J2EE™ application servers with the Multi‐tasking Virtual Machine

The Java? 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition (J2EE?), is established as the standard platform for hosting enterprise applications written in the Java programming language. Similar to an operating system, a J2EE server can host multiple applications, but this is problematic due to limitations on scalability, weak inter‐application isolation and inadequate resource management facilities in the underlying Java platform. These limitations lead to a proliferation of server instances with a consequent dramatic increase in the total memory footprint and more complex system administration. The Multi‐tasking Virtual Machine (MVM) solves this problem by providing an efficient and scalable implementation of the isolate API for multiple, isolated tasks, enabling the co‐location of multiple server instances in a single MVM process. Isolates also enable the restructuring of a J2EE server implementation as a collection of isolated components, offering increased flexibility and reliability. The resulting system is a step towards a complete and scalable operating environment for enterprise applications. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Enterprise computing: the Java factor

The ubiquitous availability of Web browsers on multiple platforms and user familiarity with browser technology provide numerous advantages: a uniform interface; support for multimedia and user interaction and collaboration; a simple communication protocol that has been implemented in all major hardware and software platforms; and support by almost all vendors who package Web engines within their products. Such factors have expedited the implementation of network centric computing as a productive infrastructure for corporate environments. The addition of Java, with its ability to build cross platform application logic into a browser, gives network centric computing the potential to better meet enterprise computing needs. Because it lets users interact with the application on the client rather than the server, Java enables better utilization of both the server and the client's computational capability. Java can also provide sessions state information (for client side session control and resource management) in an otherwise stateless Web world. Besides naturally decentralizing application execution, Java makes it possible to decentralize application deployment. In large enterprises, organization wide applications such as personnel timekeeping or document routing can benefit from Java implementations. One immediate impact is a noticeable reduction of the server load during peak hours. Finally, Java enabled browsers can provide greater functionality than HTML     

MOWS: distributed Web and cache server in Java

In this paper, a distributed Web and cache server called MOWS is described. MOWS is written in Java and built from modules that can be loaded locally or remotely. These modules implement various features of Web and cache servers and enable MOWS to run as a cluster of distributed Web servers. In addition to its distributed nature, MOWS can integrate external services using its own external interface. Java programs conforming to this interface can be loaded locally or remotely and executed at the server. The resulting system will potentially provide effective Web access by both utilizing commonly available computing resources and offering distributed server functionality. Design considerations and the system architecture of MOWS are described and several applications of MOWS are described to show the benefits of MOWS.     

支持四层结构的电子商务数据管理模型的研究

1.引言今天,因特网已经培植成为一个全球市场,众多企业供应商和消费者通过因特网作为介质交换各种各样的数据。因特网不但成为广告载体,而且成为商品和服务集中的全球市场,从电子图书到传统出版物,从旅游计划到金融服务。总体上电子商务可以分成两大类:企业-消费者(B2C)商务和企业-企业(B2B)商务。数据管理主要提供了数据处理功能,例如数据     

Easy Java Simulations: a software tool to create scientific simulations in Java

We introduce Easy Java Simulations, Ejs, a tool created by science teachers to help teach and learn science. Ejs allows users to create simulations using their knowledge of the scientific model. The author needs to supply a small amount of code for the model; the tool provides a graphical drag-and-drop interface to build the program. The resulting Ejs generated program is an independent, high quality Java application or applet ready to be published on a Web server. Ejs can serve as an effective teaching and learning tool if used in an appropriate pedagogical setting; for instance, to help students create their own simulations in order to express their conceptions on how a given scientific process works.The Ejs program and documentation can be freely downloaded from the site http://fem.um.es/Ejs.     

分布式异构空间数据共享研究

在构建防震减灾WebGIS体系的过程中,引入GML来描述空间数据,设计了空间数据库系统,以实现多源异构数据的共享。系统基于客户层、服务器层和数据库服务器三层体系结构来建造。客户层实现图形用户界面并完成数据的表示。服务器包括Web服务器和GIS应用服务器,前者主要用以客户端通信、后者则要实现对数据库服务器的访问,多源空间数据的获取、转换和输出标准的GML文件等。数据库服务器用来存放本地数据和链接分布式异构数据库。系统采用Java Servlet来完成Web服务器和GIS应用服务器的功能开发,通过Java applet实现客户端、并利用SVG来实现GML数据的可视化。     

基于网格的Web可视化系统设计与实现

面向网格的数据可视化共享地理分布的数据源、分析设备、可视化设备等，提供透明访问能力。基于网格开发了一个Web可视化系统，分为3层：Web页面，Web服务器，可视化服务器。通过JSP为可视化用户提供Web访问界面，内嵌的VisPortal提供网格访问门户；Web服务器通过Portal服务器管理、调度、使用网格资源，协调用户与网格资源之间的交互；基于Vis5D构建的可视化服务器作为网格资源，实现对数值天气模型产生的5-D网格数据集的可视化。     

基于Java Servlet技术的网上Q＆A系统的设计和实现

本文描述了一个基于JavaServlet技术的网上Q&A系统的设计。该系统采用Browser/ Server结构,利用运行于Web服务器上的JavaServlet来操用Oracle数据库,以对用户的请求作出响应。中文对Servlet和使用JDBC存取Oracle数据库的技术作了介绍,并对该系统设计过程中遇到的若干问题及相应的解决方案作了阐述。     

The design and implementation of the Gecko NFS Web proxy

The World Wide Web uses a naming scheme (URLs), transfer protocol (HTTP), and cache algorithms that are different from traditional network file systems. This makes it impossible for unmodified Unix applications to access the Web; as a result, the Web is only accessible to special Web‐enabled applications. Gecko bridges the gap between Web‐enabled applications and conventional applications, allowing any unmodified Unix application to access the Web. We developed two prototypes of the Gecko system at the University of Arizona and incorporated the many lessons learned from the first into the second. Minimizing the amount of state was a key goal of the Gecko redesign and the second prototype uses a unique compression technique to reduce server state. Experiments performed on the prototype show that Gecko not only makes the Web accessible to unmodified applications, but does so at a performance that meets or exceeds that of HTTP. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Web使用挖掘的数据采集技术探究

如何准确、及时、全面地采集用户使用数据是Web使用挖掘的重要前提和基础。基于Web的基本结构,Web使用挖掘的数据源可以从web服务器端、应用服务器端、代理服务器端和客户端进行采集。文中分析了传统的基于Web日志进行Web使用挖掘所面临的问题,讨论了建立在用户浏览行为基础上的客户端数据采集技术,重点讨论了其中的JavaApplet技术。通过JavaApplet技术可以获取客户端IP,可以自动完成用户浏览信息的准确采集,可以广泛用于各类网站的个性化和智能化服务、站点结构改进、商业智能等。     

Web应用服务器的可扩展管理模型及其实现

Web应用服务器是为事务性Web应用提供一系列运行时服务的分布式系统。它既要管理多种不同类型的资源，又要集成以往成熟的网络管理协议和系统，因此，如何统一有效地管理Web应用服务器的资源、应用和服务成为实现Web应用服务的一个难点。为此，本文基于JMX(Java^TM Management Extensions)技术，提出了一种可扩展管理模型，该模型具有较好的灵活性和开放性，可扩展能力强。同时．本文还给出了实现该模型的若干关键技术包括可扩展管理内核的实现技术、资源远程管理技术、服务可扩展管理技术。目前该模型已在我们研制的Web应用服务器WebFrame2．0中成功实现。     

新一代Web 应用服务器 BEA WebLogic研究与开发指南

BEA WebLogic是用于集成、开发、部署和管理大型分布式Web应用、网络数据库应用的Java应用服务器。它将Java的动态功能和Java Enterprise 标准的高效性和安全性引入大型Web应用的集成和开发之中，代表了新一代Web应用服务器的发展方向。     

Accessing embedded systems via WWW: the ProWeb toolset

The ubiquity of Web browsers makes them an ideal generic front end for simple client-server systems. A very suitable area of application is controlling embedded systems, such as network printers, where supporting standard Web browsers is a cost-effective and convenient alternative to developing custom client software for remote administration from different platforms.This paper describes the design and implementation of a flexible communication server to be run directly on the embedded system. It supports different protocols to allow remote access, including HTTP. Thus, the embedded system can be accessed with any Web browser. Its state is represented as a set of Web pages containing dynamically generated information. Java applets included in these Web pages can connect back to the server to subscribe to live data feeds for real-time visualization of the embedded system's state. A GUI builder implemented as a Java applet can be used to customize the visual appearance of these applets.