钛宝石激光器的多模式运转

在一台双光束泵浦的钛宝石激光器中实现了可调谐连续输出、独立自锁模、交叉锁模和多脉冲模运转式。分析了可调谐连续输出模式下两个激光腔的增益竞争,研究了飞秒和皮秒激光腔内的群速弥散、自相位调制、交叉相位调制以及自振幅调制。结果表明,可调谐连续输出模式下两个激光腔的输出主要取决于泵浦激光的功率,独立自锁模工作模式下,群速弥散和自相位调制决定了自锁模的稳定性;交叉锁模工作模式下,交叉相位调制是影响飞秒和皮秒脉冲之间同步性的主要因素。多脉冲工作模式下,脉冲自相关曲线的测量结果表明,飞秒脉冲仍然是单脉冲,而皮秒脉冲分裂为3个次脉冲。     

双色交叉锁模钛宝石飞秒激光器

文章报导一种能够同步输出两种独立波长脉冲的交叉锁模钛宝石飞秒激光器,两列光脉冲的中心波长和持续期分别是804nm,758nm及25fs,26fs.激光器输出的总平均功率为200mW.双波长飞秒光脉冲之间的跳动小于1fs.     

主动锁模飞秒光纤激光器

报道了主动锁模飞秒脉冲掺Er3 光纤激光器的实验结果。在光纤环形腔中通过引入粗波分复用器(CWDM)作为宽带滤波器,实现了中心波长在1550 nm,重复频率为2.5 GHz,谱线3 dB带宽为10.2 nm(对应的脉冲宽度为247 fs)的激光脉冲输出。此时的抽运功率为186 mW,激光器输出平均功率为1.3 mW,从而获得了能够产生飞秒脉冲的高重复频率主动锁模掺Er3 光纤激光器。     

光纤中超连续谱产生机理研究

从非线性薛定谔方程出发,分析了自相位调制(SPM)和群速度色散(GVD)效应对超连续(SC)谱的贡献。利用主动锁模光纤激光器作为泵浦光源。对色散位移光纤(DSF)中的SC谱展宽进行了实验研究。理论和实验结果表明,光纤中,SC谱的产生主要是SPM和GVD共同作用的结果：对于皮秒泵浦脉冲和常规光纤,仅考虑SPM和GVD效应,就可以较精确地描述光纤中SC谱的产生过程。     

飞秒脉冲激光振荡器的开发现状

1　前言超短光脉冲的产生是激光器的特长之一 ,从 6 0年代起开发的纳秒、皮秒光脉冲已被运用于从基础研究到应用的各个领域。近几年 ,在皮秒、亚皮秒领域开展使用光纤激光器、半导体激光器通信和计测的系统化研究。关于脉冲的超短化方面 ,由于在许多激光器上都得到 1 0 - 1 3 s以下即所谓飞秒领域 ( 1 0 0fs以下 )的光脉冲 ,最近在各个领域的应用特别引人注目。最初得到飞秒领域光脉冲的是有机染料激光器 [1～ 3] ,到了 90年代 ,由于以Ti3 ∶蓝宝石激光器为代表的宽频带可调谐固体激光锁模技术的飞速发展 ,以至激光专家以外的人也能容易地…     

高功率光纤激光器中自相位调制的实验研究

利用主振荡功率放大(MOPA)结构高功率皮秒脉冲全光纤激光器,对高功率皮秒脉冲放大器中自相位调制(SPM)效应进行了实验研究。激光器种子源是自行搭建的半导体可饱和吸收镜(SESAM)被动锁模光纤激光器。为了抑制非线性效应,使用一个自制重频倍增器把种子脉冲的重频增加到328 MHz 后再放大。放大器部分采用三级放大结构,最终获得了中心波长为1 066.5 nm,3 dB 光谱线宽约为2.5 nm,平均功率为91W 的稳定皮秒脉冲激光输出。实验对光脉冲在放大的过程中自相位调制引起的光谱变化进行了研究。对激光器输出光谱的分析表明,随着功率的增大,高功率光纤激光器中自相位调制效应受到入射脉冲的初始啁啾和脉冲形状的影响程度也随着变大,与此同时还受到自陡峭效应的影响。     

3.9 MHz被动锁模Nd∶YVO4皮秒激光器的实验研究

报道了一种具有热稳腔设计实现1064 nm皮秒脉冲激光输出的被动锁模Nd∶YVO4激光器。并在此基础上,不改变锁模条件激光模式的同时引入Herriott型多程腔来增加腔长,使总腔长达到38.7 m。采用光纤耦合输出的808 nm激光二极管对Nd∶YVO4晶体进行端面抽运,以半导体可饱和吸收镜作为被动锁模元件,获得了重复频率低至3.9 MHz的皮秒激光脉冲,脉宽为60 ps。在泵浦功率为10 W时,平均输出功率为2.6 W,对应单脉冲能量0.67 μJ,x和y方向的光束质量因子分别为1.01和1.11。     

高功率被动锁模2.0μm掺铥飞秒脉冲光纤激光器

报道了高功率半导体可饱和吸收镜被动锁模的2.0μm掺铥飞秒脉冲光纤激光器的实验结果。该光纤激光器利用半导体可饱和吸收镜与宽带全反射镜来构成线型法布里-珀罗腔,自制的1550nm连续掺铒光纤激光器作为激光抽运源。当抽运功率为312mW时,开始得到稳定的重复频率为53MHz的锁模激光脉冲串。当抽运功率增加到472mW时,得到的最大平均输出功率为50mW,相应的最高单脉冲能量为0.94nJ;此时测得锁模激光脉冲的宽度为907fs,激光的中心波长为1939.5nm,3dB光谱带宽为4.6nm。     

78 fs被动锁模掺Er3+光纤激光器

用性能稳定的976 nm激光二极管(LD)作为抽运光源,利用非线性偏振旋转(NPR)作为可饱和吸收体,实现了环形腔结构的被动锁模掺Er3 光纤激光器.在抽运功率为57 mW时,通过调节与波长无关的全光纤在线偏振控制器,获得了谱线宽度为40.8 nm,中心波长1544.0 nm,脉冲宽度为78 fs的稳定飞秒脉冲激光,其重复频率为11.18 MHz,平均输出光功率为5.4 mW,单个脉冲能量为0.5 nJ,峰值功率为6200 W.     

实时显示干涉(8:1)自相关器

报道了一种可实时测量超短激光脉冲宽度及啁啾特性的干涉(8:1)自相关器.扫描频率为1～20Hz.测量误差小于3fs.主要用于自锁模Ti:Al_2O_3.Cr:LiSGAF等各种飞秒激光器光脉冲宽度的实时测量.     

Design considerations for a femtosecond pulse laser balancing self phase modulation, group velocity dispersion, saturable absorption, and saturable gain

This paper describes the design and operating characteristics of a femtosecond pulse ring dye laser that employs the combined effects of self phase modulation, group velocity dispersion, saturable absorption, and saturable gain to generate pulses as short as 27 fs.     

Chirp compensation in mode-locked DFB laser diodes with extendedcavity

The spectro-temporal behavior of actively mode-locked fiber-external-cavity DFB lasers at 1.55 μm is analyzed in detail. Experiments are performed with multiquantum-well InGaAsP lasers of different lengths and different phase-amplitude coupling factors. Transform-limited picosecond pulses are generated with pulsewidth adjustable over half a decade by changing the RF conditions and the device length. As in the case of conventional laser diodes with external grating, the smallest time-bandwidth products are obtained for modulation frequencies to the high-frequency side of the mode-locking band. This result is presently described in terms of chirp compensation by the DFB cavity dispersion. An analytical expression of the pulse compressibility is established from a steady-state mode-locking equation including refractive index variations and cavity dispersion effects. Gain parameters entering the expression are separately evaluated from standard rate equations. A good agreement is found between experimental and theoretical results     

Bandwidth-limited picosecond pulse generation by hybrid mode-locking in a ring cavity GaAlAs laser

Bandwidth-limited picosecond pulses have been obtained using hybrid active/passive mode-locking in an external cavity semiconductor diode ring laser. Active mode-locking by application of sinusoidal RF modulation at the cavity round-trip frequency to a diode laser providing gain is supplemented by passive mode-locking in a second laser which is biased to provide saturable loss. Simultaneous streak camera and scanning Fabry-Perot interferometer measurements show that bandwidth-limited pulses of 25 Ps duration are obtained. Operation is not limited to near laser threshold, and frequency detuning sensitivity is improved when compared to the case of purely active mode-locking.     

Microstructure Fiber Soliton Laser

We demonstrate femtosecond pulse operation of a soliton fiber laser at 1.06-mum wavelength. This laser makes use of a single piece of microstructure fiber that has been designed to simultaneously provide anomalous dispersion and laser gain. Using a saturable absorber mirror with deep modulation depth to initiate and sustain mode-locking, this fiber provides clean and nearly transform-limited pulses down to a pulse duration of 180 fs. To the best of our knowledge, this constitutes the first demonstration of a pure soliton fiber laser in the neodymium gain band     

Time-domain ABCD matrix formalism for laser mode-locking andoptical pulse transmission

ABCD matrix formalism in the time domain has been newly developed on the basis of laser beam and resonator analyses which were developed under a Gaussian paraxial approximation. We derive matrix elements for amplitude and frequency modulations, group velocity dispersion, optical bandpass filter dispersion, and lumped self-phase modulation under a parabolic approximation. Applications to AM, FM, and stretched-pulse laser mode-locking are described by using these time-domain matrices. An application to pulse transmission in a dispersion-allocated system is also described     

Effects of group velocity dispersion on self/cross phase modulationin a nonlinear Sagnac interferometer switch

Time-resolved numerical analysis of a nonlinear Sagnac interferometer switch (NSIS) reveals that the combined effects of group velocity dispersion (GVD), self phase modulation, cross phase modulation, and pump-probe walk-off seriously degrade switching performance when the soliton number N of the pump pulse is under 5. This means that the peak power of short pump pulses cannot be reduced to less than the critical value at N>5 to prevent the effect of GVD. This restriction is more severe for pump pulses in the anomalous dispersion region than for those in the normal dispersion region because of higher-order soliton compression. System designs for time-division demultiplexers that use NSISs and picosecond pump pulses generated by a laser-diode coupled to erbium-doped fiber amplifiers are discussed. It is found that 1:32 demultiplexing from 160 to 5 Gb/s and 1:8 demultiplexing from 80 to 10 Gb/s with a switching contrast of more than 60 are possible using diode-laser-pumped 1- and 2-ps pump pulses, respectively     

皮秒脉冲泵浦光子晶体光纤超连续谱产生的研究

在包含自发拉曼散射噪声的广义非线性薛定愕方程的基础上,利用单光子噪声模型,理论研究了泵浦脉冲的中心频率和峰值功率对皮秒脉冲在光子晶体光纤中时域和频域演化的影响．发现在正常色散区泵浦,由色散和自相位调制的联合作用引起光波分裂导致皮秒脉冲展宽;零色散波长附近泵浦,光波展宽以四波混频为主;反常色散区域泵浦,调制的不稳定性将初始脉冲分解成一系列孤子脉冲后,高阶孤子分裂、拉曼散射、孤子自频是导致光谱展宽的主要机制．自相位调制感应调制不稳定性在皮秒脉冲初始分裂过程中发挥了重要作用。     

透射式SESAM实现掺Yb3+光纤激光器被动调Q锁模

锁模光纤激光器具有体积小、性能稳定及模式好等优点，日益受到关注。利用一种新型的透过式半导体可饱和吸收镜，实现双包层掺Yb^3＋光纤激光器调Q锁模脉冲激光输出。得到的脉冲调Q包络半高宽约500ns，重复频率110kHz，平均输出功率45mW，锁模脉冲重复频率26．7MHz。锁模光路比反射式吸收镜更简单，易于调节，为进一步引入色散补偿元件进行飞秒脉冲的实验研究奠定了基础。     

飞秒脉冲光参量中的色散和高阶非线性效应研究

通过数值模拟超强超短激光脉冲泵浦下的MgO:LiNbO3晶体的光参量放大过程,讨论了群速度色散和高阶非线性效应对能量转换效率和脉冲波形的影响。结果表明,群速度色散会使泵浦光脉宽增加,功率密度降低;同时,大功率泵浦下高阶非线性效应的影响不可忽略,它会进一步减小能量转换效率,还会使信号光的频谱展宽。为了提高单位晶体长度的参量放大增益,可以通过引入初始啁啾来抵消群速度色散的影响。     

用大模场光子晶体光纤获得高功率飞秒激光

最近许多实验结果表明掺Yb光纤在提高输出功率方面还有很大潜力,而且由于大模面积光子晶体光纤的使用,飞秒光纤激光器的输出已经可以与传统飞秒固体激光器相比拟。报道了利用掺Yb的保偏型大模面积光子晶体光纤进行锁模和放大方面取得的实验结果,光子晶体光纤振荡级输出重复频率为51 MHz,脉冲宽度为450 fs,平均功率为2 W的飞秒激光,对应单脉冲能量40 nJ;同时利用国产双包层大模面积光纤进行了放大实验,在平均功率为毫瓦量级的种子光脉冲输入情况下,获得了103增益。