Green Production Technology of the Monomer of Nylon-6: Caprolactam

After two decades’ endeavor, the Research Institute of Petroleum Processing (RIPP) has successfully developed a green caprolactam (CPL) production technology. This technology is based on the integration of titanium silicate (TS)-1 zeolite with the slurry-bed reactor for the ammoximation of cyclohexanone, the integration of silicalite-1 zeolite with the moving-bed reactor for the gas-phase rearrangement of cyclohexanone oxime, and the integration of an amorphous nickel (Ni) catalyst with the magnetically stabilized bed reactor for the purification of caprolactam. The world’s first industrial plant based on this green CPL production technology has been built and possesses a capacity of 200 kt·a⁻¹. Compared with existing technologies, the plant investment is pronouncedly reduced, and the nitrogen (N) atom utilization is drastically improved. The waste emission is reduced significantly; for example, no ammonium sulfate byproduct is produced. As a result, the price difference between CPL and benzene drops. In 2015, the capacity of the green CPL production technology reached 3 × 10⁶ t·a⁻¹, making China the world’s largest CPL producer, with a global market share exceeding 50%.     

Enhanced Biogas Production from the Anaerobic Batch Treatment of Banana Peels

Waste disposal management and the energy crisis are important challenges facing most countries. The fruit-processing industry generates daily several tons of wastes, of which the major share comes from banana farms. Anaerobic digestion (AD) technology has been applied to the treatment of wastewater, animal slurry, food waste, and agricultural residues, with the primary goals of energy production and waste elimination. This study examines the effect of organic loading (OL) and cow manure (CM) addition on AD performance when treating banana peel waste (BPW). The maximum daily biogas production rates of banana peels (BPs) with a CM content of 10%, 20%, and 30% at 18 and 22 g of volatile solids (g_vs) per liter were 50.20, 48.66, and 62.78 mL·(g_vs·d)⁻¹ and 40.49, 29.57, and 46.54 mL·(g_vs·d)⁻¹, respectively. However, the daily biogas yield showed no clear interdependence with OL or CM content. In addition, a kinetic analysis using first-order and cone models showed that the kinetic parameters can be influenced by the process parameters.     

A Non-Contact Original-State Online Real-Time Monitoring Method for Complex Liquids in Industrial Processes

Failures are very common during the online real-time monitoring of large quantities of complex liquids in industrial processes, and can result in excessive resource consumption and pollution. In this study, we introduce a monitoring method capable of non-contact original-state online real-time monitoring for strongly coated, high-salinity, and multi-component liquids. The principle of the method is to establish the relationship among the concentration of the target substance in the liquid (C), the color space coordinates of the target substance at different concentrations (L¹, a¹, b¹), and the maximum absorption wavelength (λ_max); subsequently, the optimum wavelength λ_T of the liquid is determined by a high-precision scanning-type monitoring system that is used to detect the instantaneous concentration of the target substance in the flowing liquid. Unlike traditional monitoring methods and existing online monitoring methods, the proposed method does not require any pretreatment of the samples (i.e., filtration, dilution, oxidation/reduction, addition of chromogenic agent, constant volume, etc.), and it is capable of original-state online real-time monitoring. This method is employed at a large electrolytic manganese plant to monitor the Fe³⁺ concentration in the colloidal process of the plant’s aging liquid (where the concentrations of Fe³⁺, Mn²⁺, and (NH₄)₂SO₄ are 0.5–18 mg·L⁻¹, 35–39 g·L⁻¹, and 90–110 g·L⁻¹, respectively). The relative error of this monitoring method compared with an off-line laboratory monitoring is less than 2%.     

MOF-Based Solid-State Proton Conductors Obtained by Intertwining Protic Ionic Liquid Polymers with MIL-101

Solid-state proton conductors based on the use of metal–organic framework (MOF) materials as proton exchange membranes are being investigated as alternatives to the current state of the art. This study reports a new family of proton conductors based on MIL-101 and protic ionic liquid polymers (PILPs) containing different anions. By first installing protic ionic liquid (PIL) monomers inside the hierarchical pores of a highly stable MOF, MIL-101, then carrying out polymerization in situ, a series of PILP@MIL-101 composites was synthesized. The resulting PILP@MIL-101 composites not only maintain the nanoporous cavities and water stability of MIL-101, but the intertwined PILPs provide a number of opportunities for much-improved proton transport compared to MIL-101. The PILP@MIL-101 composite with HSO₄⁻ anions shows superprotonic conductivity (6.3 × 10⁻² S cm⁻¹) at 85 °C and 98% relative humidity. The mechanism of proton conduction is proposed. In addition, the structures of the PIL monomers were determined by single crystal X-ray analysis, which reveals many strong hydrogen bonding interactions with O/N H···O distances below 2.6 Å.     

Enhancing the Combustion Performance of Metastable Al@AP/PVDF Nanocomposites by Doping with Graphene Oxide

A new group of energetic metastable intermixed composites (MICs) was designed and fabricated by means of the spray granulation technique. These MICs are composed of aluminum (Al) as the fuel, ammonium perchlorate (AP) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as the co-oxidizer. The AP/PVDF ratio was optimized by taking the maximum energy release as the criteria. A minor content of graphene oxide (GO) was also doped in the MICs to act as both lubricant and catalyst. It was shown that Al@AP/PVDF with 0.2% GO has the greatest density (2.57 g·cm⁻³) and highest heat of reaction (5999.5 J·g⁻¹). These values are much higher than those of Al@AP/PVDF (2.00 g·cm⁻³ and 5569.8 J·g⁻¹). The inclusion of GO increases the solid-state reaction rate of Al@AP/PVDF and improves the thermal stability. The flame propagation rate was increased up to 4.76 m·s⁻¹ by doping with 0.2% GO, and was about 10.7% higher than that of Al@AP/PVDF. Al@AP/PVDF-GO has a better interfacial contact and particle distribution, which results in an improved heat-transfer rate, freedom from the agglomeration of nano-Al particles, and an improved combustion reaction rate. This work demonstrates a new strategy to improve the energy release rate and combustion efficiency of Al-based MICs.     

Nanoscale zero-valent iron modified with carboxymethyl cellulose in an impinging stream-rotating packed bed for the removal of lead(II)

A novel impinging stream-rotating packed bed (IS-RPB) was proposed to continuous, macro and industrialized prepare nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) with simultaneously modified with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) for the removal of Pb²⁺. The obtained CMC-nZVI particles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The components on the surface of CMC-nZVI after react with Pb²⁺ were also analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The IS-RPB makes it possible for the continuous, macro and industrialized preparing of CMC-nZVI particles, and CMC can significantly improve the dispersion and reduce aggregation of nZVI particles. The effects of solution pH, initial Pb²⁺ concentration and reaction time on the removal efficiency of Pb²⁺ by nZVI and CMC-nZVI particles were also investigated. The results show that CMC-nZVI particles outperform nZVI particles in removing Pb²⁺, and the removal efficacy reaches a maximum of 838.84 mg·g⁻¹ for nZVI particles and 1237.32 mg·g⁻¹ for CMC-nZVI particles at pH = 6.0. The adsorption of Pb²⁺ by nZVI and CMC-nZVI particles can be described by the Langmuir isotherm adsorption model with a R² of 0.999, and the calculated maximum adsorption capacity is 900.90 and 1376.07 mg·g⁻¹ for nZVI and CMC-nZVI particles. The adsorption of Pb²⁺ follows the pseudo second-order kinetics with a linear correlation coefficient R² of 0.999. In addition, the effect of co-existing cations such as Na⁺, Cu²⁺, Ni²⁺ and Cd²⁺ on Pb²⁺ removal efficiency was also investigated. The results showed that Na⁺ had no effect on Pb²⁺ removal efficiency and Cu²⁺ and Ni²⁺ had inhibited Pb²⁺ removal efficiency. Cd²⁺ had an inhibitory effect on Pb²⁺ removal efficiency when the concentration was 50 mg·L⁻¹ and 100 mg·L⁻¹, Cd²⁺ enhanced Pb²⁺ removal efficiency while the concentration of Cd²⁺ was 200 mg·L⁻¹.     

The role of catalyst support on activity of copper oxide nanoparticles for reduction of 4-nitrophenol

Developing a facile and efficient method is an important approach for promising commercial catalytic applications. Toxic organic pollutants in waste waters are becoming a worldwide problem that threatens life on earth and prevents essential elements to sustain living organisms. Herein, the effect of catalyst support on the activity of copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles for catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) in presence of sodium borohydride (NaBH₄)-aqueous medium was discussed. A simple and conventional wet impregnation method was used for the deposition of CuO nanoparticles on several metal oxides (Al₂O₃, SiO₂, MgO, CaO, ZnO, ZrO₂). The prepared catalysts were characterized via using techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen sorption, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The effect of support material on the catalytic performance of CuO nanoparticles for the reduction of 4-NP was evaluated and the performance order of support was ZrO₂ > Al₂O₃ > SiO₂ > CaO > MgO > ZnO. CuO/ZrO₂ catalyst exhibited excellent catalytic activity and the pseudo-first-order rate constant was determined as 15.97 · 10⁻³ s⁻¹. Considering the simple preparation process and the efficient catalytic reduction of 4-NP of CuO/ZrO₂, this study opens up a marvelous chance to this material for practical application of waste water treatment.     

Piezoelectricity regulated ohmic contact in M/BaTiO3 (M = Ru,Pd, Pt) for charge collision and hydrogen free radical production in ammonia electrosynthesis

Electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NO₃RR) is a promising alternative technique for NH₃ generation toward the energy-consuming Haber-Bosch process. Nevertheless, it remains hindered by the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, the piezoelectric effect of electron-rich BaTiO₃ with oxygen vacancies is introduced to promote NO₃RR performance. Combining with metal particles (Ru, Pd and Pt), the catalyst achieves a maximal Faradaic efficiency of 95.3% and NH₃ yield rate of 6.87 mg h⁻¹ mg_cat.⁻¹. Upon piezoelectricity, the interface between metal nanoparticles and BaTiO₃ is effectively modulated from Schottky contact to ohmic contact, which leads to unobstructed electron transfer. Abundant hydrogen radicals (·H) can be then produced from the collision between plentiful electrons and polar water molecules adsorbed on the polar surface. Such ·H can significantly facilitate the hydrogenation of reaction intermediates in NO₃RR. Meanwhile, this process suppresses the Volmer-Heyrovsky step, therefore inhibiting the HER within a wide range of external potential. This work suggests a new strategy for promoting the performance of multi-electron-involved catalytic reactions.     

Ultrafine ZrO2 powder by Laser Evaporation: Preparation and properties

Ultrafine oxide powders were produced by CO₂ laser evaporation of coarse ZrO₂ powder or compact stabilized ZrO₂ material The 10.6μm radiation in the power range 1–4kW was generated by a transversal flow Co₂ laser which can oscillate in cw and pw operation The vaporization rate depends on the relative position of the focal plane to the surface of the ZrO₂ powder, the laser intensity and the supplied energy input. At a laser intensity of 4.2 · 10⁵ Wcm⁻² the optimum vaporization rate is 130 g · h⁻¹ (cw-operation of the laser). The produced powders consist of spherical particles; their diameters vary in the range from 5 to 200 nm can be controlled by the process conditions. The surface area (BET) is adjustable from 10 to 30 m² · g⁻¹. The powders of unstabilized zirconia show an unusual high content of the tetragonal phase. In case of chemically stabilized zirconia the composition can change during the process of evaporation and recondensation.     

Identification of thaumasite in concrete by Raman chemical imaging

Identification of thaumasite (CaSiO₃·CaO₃·CaSO₄·15H₂O) in concrete undergoing external sulfate attack by X-ray powder diffraction or by microscopic techniques is difficult due to its crystallographic and morphological similarity with ettringite. Widefield Raman chemical imaging via liquid crystal tunable filter (LCTF) technology has been used in a preliminary study to determine the presence of thaumasite in association with ettringite (3CaO·Al₂O₃·3CaSO₄·32H₂O) and gypsum (CaSO₄·2H₂O). Raman chemical imaging combines Raman spectroscopy with optical microscopy and digital imaging to provide images with molecular-based contrast. Thaumasite has three major peaks at 658, 990, 1076 cm⁻¹ and three minor peaks at 417, 453, 479 cm⁻¹. Ettringite has major peaks at 990, 1088 cm⁻¹. Gypsum has a major peak at 1009 cm⁻¹ and minor peaks at 417, 496, 621, 673, 1137 cm⁻¹. When these minerals are presented together, Raman chemical imaging provides an excellent way to determine their molecular composition and spatial distribution within the sample.     

Preparation of the BaTiO3–SiO2 hybrid particles for the catalyst of methane steam reforming process

BaTiO₃ nano-coated SiO₂ (BaTiO₃–SiO₂) hybrid particles were prepared by liquid phase deposition and sol–gel process. The obtained BaTiO₃–SiO₂ hybrid particles have relatively high surface area (20 m² g⁻¹) at 600 °C annealing temperature. Ni component was impregnated to the obtained BaTiO₃–SiO₂ hybrid particles, and the obtained catalyst was used for the methane steam reforming process to consider the effect of the surface area on the catalytic activity. The catalytic activity of the Ni/BaTiO₃–SiO₂ catalyst was approximately three times as large as that of the reported Ni/BaTiO₃ catalyst, even in the lower process temperature. However, the limitation temperature for methane steam reforming process of this hybrid material was 600 °C, because of the diffusion of the Ba component.     

Synthesis of Palladium-Based Crystalline@Amorphous Core–Shell Nanoplates for Highly Efficient Ethanol Oxidation

Phase engineering of nanomaterials (PEN) offers a promising route to rationally tune the physicochemical properties of nanomaterials and further enhance their performance in various applications. However, it remains a great challenge to construct well-defined crystalline@amorphous core–shell heterostructured nanomaterials with the same chemical components. Herein, the synthesis of binary (Pd-P) crystalline@amorphous heterostructured nanoplates using Cu_3−χP nanoplates as templates, via cation exchange, is reported. The obtained nanoplate possesses a crystalline core and an amorphous shell with the same elemental components, referred to as c-Pd-P@a-Pd-P. Moreover, the obtained c-Pd-P@a-Pd-P nanoplates can serve as templates to be further alloyed with Ni, forming ternary (Pd-Ni-P) crystalline@amorphous heterostructured nanoplates, referred to as c-Pd-Ni-P@a-Pd-Ni-P. The atomic content of Ni in the c-Pd-Ni-P@a-Pd-Ni-P nanoplates can be tuned in the range from 9.47 to 38.61 at%. When used as a catalyst, the c-Pd-Ni-P@a-Pd-Ni-P nanoplates with 9.47 at% Ni exhibit excellent electrocatalytic activity toward ethanol oxidation, showing a high mass current density up to 3.05 A mg_Pd⁻¹, which is 4.5 times that of the commercial Pd/C catalyst (0.68 A mg_Pd⁻¹).     

High Thermoelectric Performance in n-Type Perylene Bisimide Induced by the Soret Effect

Low-cost, non-toxic, abundant organic thermoelectric materials are currently under investigation for use as potential alternatives for the production of electricity from waste heat. While organic conductors reach electrical conductivities as high as their inorganic counterparts, they suffer from an overall low thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) due to their small Seebeck coefficient. Moreover, the lack of efficient n-type organic materials still represents a major challenge when trying to fabricate efficient organic thermoelectric modules. Here, a novel strategy is proposed both to increase the Seebeck coefficient and achieve the highest thermoelectric efficiency for n-type organic thermoelectrics to date. An organic mixed ion–electron n-type conductor based on highly crystalline and reduced perylene bisimide is developed. Quasi-frozen ionic carriers yield a large ionic Seebeck coefficient of −3021 μV K⁻¹, while the electronic carriers dominate the electrical conductivity which is as high as 0.18 S cm⁻¹ at 60% relative humidity. The overall power factor is remarkably high (165 μW m⁻¹ K⁻²), with a ZT = 0.23 at room temperature. The resulting single leg thermoelectric generators display a high quasi-constant power output. This work paves the way for the design and development of efficient organic thermoelectrics by the rational control of the mobility of the electronic and ionic carriers.     

2D interspace confined growth of ultrathin MoS2-intercalated graphite hetero-layers for high-rate Li/K storage

Herein,a two-dimensional(2D)interspace-confined synthetic strategy is developed for producing MoS₂intercalated graphite(G-MoS₂)hetero-layers composite through sulfuring the pre-synthesized stage-1 MoCI5-graphite intercalation compound(M0 CI5-GIC).The in situ grown MoS₂nanosheets(3-7 layers)are evenly encapsulated in graphite layers with intimate interface thus forming layer-by-layer MoS₂-intercalated graphite composite.In this structure,the unique merits of MoS₂and graphite components are integrated,such as high capacity contribution of MoS₂and the flexibility of graphite layers.Besides,the tight interfacial interaction between hetero-layers optimizes the potential of conductive graphite layers as matrix for MoS₂.As a result,the G-MoS₂exhibits a high reversible Li+storage of 344 mAh·g^-1even at 10 A·g^-1and a capacity of 539.9 mAh·g^-1after 1,500 cycles at 5 A·g^-1.As for potassium ion battery,G-MoS₂delivers a reversible capacity of 377.0 mAh·g^-1at 0.1 A·g^-1and 141.2 mAh·g^-1even at 2 A·g^-1.Detailed experiments and density functional theory calculation demonstrate the existence of hetero-layers enhances the diffusion rates of Li⁺and K⁺.This graphite interspace-confined synthetic methodology would provide new ideas for preparing function-integrated materials in energy storage and conversion,catalysis or other fields.     

Numerical Simulations and In Situ Optical Microscopy Connecting Flow Pattern,Crystallization, and Thin-Film Properties for Organic Transistors with Superior Device-to-Device Uniformity

Currently, due to the lack of precise control of flow behavior and the understanding of how it influences thin-film crystallization, strict tuning of thin-film properties during solution-based coating is difficult. In this work, a continuous-flow microfluidic-channel-based meniscus-guided coating (CoMiC) is introduced, which is a system that enables manipulation of flow patterns and analysis connecting flow pattern, crystallization, and thin-film properties. Continuous supply of a solution of an organic semiconductor with various flow patterns is generated using microfluidic channels. 3D numerical simulations and in situ microscopy allow the tracking of the flow pattern along its entire path (from within the microfluidic channel to near the liquid–solid boundary), and enable direct observation of thin-film crystallization process. In particular, the generation of chaotic flow results in unprecedented device-to-device uniformity, with coefficient of variation (CV) of 7.3% and average mobility of 2.04 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹ in doped TIPS-pentacene. Furthermore, CV and average mobility of 9.6% and 11.4 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹ are achieved, respectively, in a small molecule:polymer blend system. CoMiC can serve as a guideline for elucidating the relation between flow behavior, liquid-to-solid phase transition, and device performance, which has thus far been unknown.     

Thermal decomposition of β-FeOOH

β-FeOOH particles were prepared by a forced hydrolysis of the 0.1 M FeCl₃ + 5·10⁻³ M HCl solution, whereas sulfated β-FeOOH particles were prepared by forced hydrolysis of the 0.1 M FeCl₃ solution containing 5·10⁻³ M quinine hydrogen sulfate (QHS). β-FeOOH particles, as well as sulfated β-FeOOH particles, were thermally treated up to 600 °C. The samples were characterized using DTA, XRD, FT-IR and TEM. β-FeOOH particles showed a cigar-type morphology, whereas bundles of β-FeOOH needles were obtained in the presence of QHS. Heating of β-FeOOH particles at 300 °C and above yielded α-Fe₂O₃ particles. Specific adsorption of sulfate groups showed a strong effect on the thermal decomposition of β-FeOOH particles. Upon heating of sulfated particles between 300 and 500 °C the formation of an amorphous phase and a small fraction of α-Fe₂O₃ were observed. Needle-like morphology of amorphous particles in these samples was preserved. At 600 °C, α-Fe₂O₃ particles were obtained; however, they were much smaller than those obtained by heating a pure β-FeOOH.     

Biowaste-Derived,Self-Organized Arrays of High-Performance 2D Carbon Emitters for Organic Light-Emitting Diodes

Low-cost flexible organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with nanoemitter material from waste open up new opportunities for sustainable technology. The common emitter materials generated from waste are carbon dots (CDs). However, these have poor luminescent properties. Further solid-state emission quenching makes application in display devices challenging. Here, flexible and rigid OLED devices are demonstrated using self-assembled 2D arrays of CDs derived from waste material, viz., human hair. High-performance CDs with a quantum yield (QY) of 87%, self-assembled into 2D arrays, are achieved by improving the crystallinity and decreasing the CDs' size distribution. The CD island array exhibits ultrahigh hole mobility (≈10⁻¹ cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹) and significant reduction in solid-state emission quenching compared to pristine CDs; hence, it is used here as an emitting layer in both indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass and ITO-coated flexible poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrate OLED devices, without any hole-injection layer. The flexible OLED device exhibits a stable, voltage-independent blue/cyan emission with a record maximum luminescence of 350 cd m⁻², whereas the OLED device based on the rigid glass substrate shows a maximum luminescence of 700 cd m⁻². This work sets up a platform to develop next-generation OLED displays using CD emitters derived from the biowaste material.     

Effect of acid catalyst concentration on structure and conductivity studies of quaternary lithium-based glasses synthesized by sol–gel route

Lithium phosphoborosilicate (LPBS) glasses were synthesized through sol–gel process with various nitric acid concentrations, as a catalyst. Measuring the XRD patterns for the dried gel heat-treated at different temperatures optimized the synthesis temperature for the LPBS glasses. The effect of acid catalyst concentrations on the structural properties of the LPBS glasses was studied using XRD, FTIR, and DSC. Impedance measurement was carried out at different temperatures on the LPBS samples synthesized by sol–gel route with various nitric acid concentrations and impedance data were analyzed using the Boukamp equivalent circuit software. The bulk conductivity of the LPBS samples synthesized with each concentration of nitric acid, as a catalyst, was calculated from the analyzed impedance data. It was found that the LPBS sample synthesized with 2.5 N nitric acid concentration showed the highest conductivity, σ=2.28 (± 0.02)×10⁻⁷ S cm⁻¹ at 443 K. The activation energy (E_a) was obtained from Arrhenius plots of the dc conductivity of each LPBS glassy samples and was found to be 0.39 (± 0.02) eV for the highest conducting LPBS sample.     

A Halogen-Bonded Organic Framework (XOF) Emissive Cocrystal for Acid Vapor and Explosive Sensing,and Iodine Capture

There is a strong and urgent need for efficient materials that can capture radioactive iodine atoms from nuclear waste. This work presents a novel strategy to develop porous materials for iodine capture by employing halogen bonding, mechanochemistry and crystal engineering. 3D halogen-bonded organic frameworks (XOFs) with guest-accessible permanent pores are exciting targets in crystal engineering for developing functional materials, and this work reports the first example of such a structure. The new-found XOF, namely TIEPE-DABCO , exhibits enhanced emission in the solid state and turn-off emission sensing of acid vapors and explosives like picric acid in nanomolar quantity. TIEPE-DABCO captures iodine from the gas phase (3.23 g g⁻¹ at 75 °C and 1.40 g g⁻¹ at rt), organic solvents (2.1 g g⁻¹), and aqueous solutions (1.8 g g⁻¹ in the pH range of 3–8); the latter with fast kinetics. The captured iodine can be retained for more than 7 days without any leaching, but readily released using methanol, when required. TIEPE-DABCO can be recycled for iodine capture several times without any loss of storage capacity. The results presented in this work demonstrate the potential of mechanochemical cocrystal engineering with halogen bonding as an approach to develop porous materials for iodine capture and sensing.     

Microbiological treatment of oil-containing radioactive waste prior to cementation

Microbiological oxidation of liquid organic radioactive waste (ORW), spent vacuum and transformer oils, is described. The physicochemical properties of oils and their structural-group composition before and after using in the process cycle were studied. Changes in the structural-group composition and physicochemical parameters of oils upon microbiological treatment were determined. The distribution of radionuclides between the organic and aqueous phases upon microbiological treatment was studied by the example of model ORW containing ¹³⁷Cs, ⁹⁰Sr, ²³⁸Pu, and ²⁴¹Am. The compatibility of oils subjected to microbiological treatment with the cement compound intended for ORW disposal was evaluated. The biological step of the radioactive oil processing leads to a decrease in the weight and volume of the organic radioactive waste and increases its amount that can be incorporated into the cement compound (to 30 vol %) without deterioration of the strength characteristics of the cement.