Fabrication and DOE Optimization of Electrospun Chitosan/Gelatin/PVA Nanofibers for Skin Tissue Engineering

Chitosan/gelatin-based nanofibers display excellent biological performance in tissue engineering because of their biocompatible composition and nanofibrous structure with a high surface-to-volume ratio mimicking the native extracellular matrix. In this study, to save time and cost of experiments, a response surface methodology based on Box–Behnken design (BBD) is developed to predict the mean diameter of (chitosan:gelatin)/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanofibers in three volume ratios of chitosan:gelatin by considering PVA percentage, applied voltage, and flow rate as input variables. The morphology and chemical composition of nanofibers are investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), respectively. The optimum conditions to yield the minimum diameter of nanofibers with chitosan:gelatin ratios of 25:75, 50:50, and 75:25 are found and result in 165, 121, and 92 nm, respectively, which show good accordance with BBD estimated results. The tensile testing indicates that nanofibers containing higher ratio of chitosan:gelatin result in higher tensile stress and lower toughness and tensile strain. The water contact angle analysis (WCA) shows the appropriate hydrophilicity of crosslinked nanofibers. The MTT assay shows excellent cell viability and cell attachment of nanofibers for mouse fibroblast (L929) cells. The results indicate that optimum nanofibers are potent candidates for wound healing applications.     

Production of silk sericin/silk fibroin blend nanofibers

Silk sericin (SS)/silk fibroin (SF) blend nanofibers have been produced by electrospinning in a binary SS/SF trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) solution system, which was prepared by mixing 20 wt.% SS TFA solution and 10 wt.% SF TFA solution to give different compositions. The diameters of the SS/SF nanofibers ranged from 33 to 837 nm, and they showed a round cross section. The surface of the SS/SF nanofibers was smooth, and the fibers possessed a bead-free structure. The average diameters of the SS/SF (75/25, 50/50, and 25/75) blend nanofibers were much thicker than that of SS and SF nanofibers. The SS/SF (100/0, 75/25, and 50/50) blend nanofibers were easily dissolved in water, while the SS/SF (25/75 and 0/100) blend nanofibers could not be completely dissolved in water. The SS/SF blend nanofibers could not be completely dissolved in methanol. The SS/SF blend nanofibers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and differential thermal analysis. FTIR showed that the SS/SF blend nanofibers possessed a random coil conformation and ß-sheet structure.     

芳纶纳米纤维增强聚乙烯醇复合膜的制备与性能

以芳纶纤维Kevlar@49为原料,在温和条件下制备了芳纶纳米纤维分散体(ANFS),并利用分散体制备了芳纶纳米纤维/聚乙烯醇(ANFs/PVA)复合膜。通过傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)仪、差示扫描量热(DSC)仪、原子力显微镜(AFM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、电子万能试验机及透光度/雾度测定仪等考察了复合膜的微观结构、热学、光学及力学性能。FTIR证明,复合膜中ANFs与PVA具有一定的分子间氢键作用,促进了ANFs在PVA基体中的分散。由AFM和SEM可以清晰观察到直径为20~30 nm的芳纶纳米纤维分散体,并且通过SEM观察到复合膜表面较为平整。当芳纶纳米纤维质量分数为6.0%时,复合膜的抗拉强度为17.86 MPa,断裂伸长率为442%;透光度为82.63%,雾度为27.56%;玻璃化温度,熔融温度和结晶温度分别为75.20、208.82和174.51℃,表明其透光性良好,力学和热学性能达到最佳。     

A comprehensive study on Plantago ovata/PVA biocompatible nanofibers: Fabrication,characterization, and biological assessment

In this study, a biocompatible nanofiber is fabricated using Plantago ovata mucilage (POM) combined with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), which is considered as a non-toxic polymer. High quality nanofibers were produced by controlling the electrospinning parameters after selecting an appropriate solvent for the POM/PVA combination (12% PVA and 3% POM). Electrospinning parameters, including high voltage, distance from collector to tip, feed rate and POM to PVA proportion were optimized following preparation of an aqueous POM/PVA solution. Using the results of scanning electron microscopy, the optimized electrospinning conditions for producing POM/PVA nanofibers were determined (high voltage = 18 kV, distance = 15 cm, feed rate = 0.125 ml/hr, PMM/PVA = 50/50) and uniform nanofibers with an average diameter of 250 nm were produced. The POM/PVA nanofiber sample was evaluated by determining the mechanical strength, characterization of produced nanofiber morphology, and investigating the cell viability by applying MTT assay. The bands for both POM and PVA from FTIR results showed that the samples remained stable. The tensile strength results showed that blending POM with PVA solution enhanced the Young's modulus by factor of 3.2 (0.2 MPa to 0.64 MPa). The MTT analysis on POM/PVA cell lines proved that the produced nanofiber considerably enabled the cellular proliferation. Enhancement in these analysis indicated how POM-based nanofibers is a promising scaffold for cell culture, drug delivery systems and food additives.     

Immobilization of horseradish peroxidase on electrospun poly(vinyl alcohol)–polyacrylamide blend nanofiber membrane and its use in the conversion of phenol

Electrospun nanofibers, with their porous structures, high surface-to-volume ratio, and good mechanical properties, are used as a support material for enzyme immobilization. In this study, the poly(vinyl alcohol) and polyacrylamide bicomponent (PVA–PAAm) nanofibers were fabricated via the electrospinning method. Synthesized PAAm was characterized with size exclusion chromatography (SEC). Nanofibers were characterized by fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). DSC and TGA analyses showed that the nanofibers were more durable than PVA and PAAm polymers. SEM images demonstrated that all nanofibers possessed uniform and smooth structures (average diameter about 300 nm). FTIR results have shown that PAAm successfully participates in nanofiber structure. The produced nanofibers were used as support material for covalent immobilization of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The optimum temperature for free HRP was 45 °C, whereas it was 50 °C for the immobilized enzyme. The immobilized HRP showed better storage and thermal stability than free HRP. The kinetic parameters (K _m and V _max) were found to be 2.42 mM and 0.027 U for the immobilized HRP and 1.86 mM and 0.079 U for the free HRP, respectively. The immobilized enzyme could be used effectively for 25 cycles with 54% retention of the activity. The immobilized HRP was also used for the conversion of phenol. Phenol removal was found to be about 29.68% at 180 min in real wastewater. The novel PVA–PAAm nanofibrous material was successfully used as a support material for covalent immobilization of HRP. Immobilized enzymes such as oxido-reductases onto the PVA–PAAm bicomponent nanofiber could be recommended in the treatment of organic pollutants in industrial effluents.

     

Preparation of chitosan bicomponent nanofibers filled with hydroxyapatite nanoparticles via electrospinning

Chitosan (CS) bicomponent nanofibers with an average diameter controlled from 100 to 50 nm were successfully prepared by electrospinning of CS and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) blend solution. Finer fibers and more efficient fiber formations were observed with increased PVA contents. On this contribution, a uniform and ultrafine nanofibrous CS bicomponent mats filled with hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles were successfully electrospun in a well devised condition. An increase in the contents of HA nanoparticles caused the conductivity of the blend solution to increase from 1.06 mS/cm (0 wt % HA) to 2.27 mS/cm (0.5 wt % HA), 2.35 mS/cm (1.0 wt % HA), respectively, and the average diameter of the composite fibers to decrease from 59 ± 10 nm(0 wt % HA) to 49 ± 10 nm (0.5 wt % HA), 46 ± 10 nm (1.0 wt % HA), respectively. SEM images showed that some particles had filled in the nanofibers whereas the others had dispersed on the surface of fibers, and EDXA results indicated that both the nanoparticles filled in the nanofibers and those adhered to the fibers were HA particles. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

Biocompatibility studies of electrospun nanofibrous membrane of PLLA‐PVA blend

Electrospinning, self‐assembly, and phase separation are some of the techniques available for the synthesis of nanofibers. Of these techniques, electrospinning is a simple and versatile method for generating ultrafine fibers from a wide variety of polymers and polymer blends. Poly L ‐lactide (PLLA) and Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) are biodegradable and biocompatible polymers which are mainly used for biomedical applications. Nanofibrous membranes with 1:9 ratio of PLLA to PVA (8 to 10 wt % and 10 wt %) were fabricated by electrospinning. The percentage porosity and contact angle of PVA in the PLLA‐PVA nanofibrous mat increased from 80 to 83% and from 39 ± 3° to 55 ± 3°, respectively. The water uptake percentage of PVA nanofibers decreased from 190 to 125% on the addition of PLLA to PVA in the PLLA‐PVA nanofibrous mat. The nanofiber morphology, structure and crystallinity were studied by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. The thermal properties were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetery (DSC). The biocompatibility studies of PLLA‐PVA blend were performed using fibroblast cells (NIH 3T3) by MTT assay method. The release of Curcumin (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 wt %) from PLLA‐PVA blend was found to be ～ 78, 80, and 80%, respectively, in 4 days. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

Fabrication and characterization of electrospun Plantago major seed mucilage/PVA nanofibers

Electrospinning is a well-known technique for producing nanofibers using synthetic and natural polymers like mucilage. In this study, Plantago major Mucilage (PMM) was blended with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a nontoxic adding agent, in order to produce electrospun nanofiber. Electrospinning parameters (voltage, tip-to-collector distance, feed rate, and PMM/PVA ratio) were optimized and solution properties were analyzed. The morphology of nanofibers was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET). Mechanical strength of nanofibers was determined, and cell viability on nanofibers was discussed by MTT assay. The results of SEM indicated that the PMM/PVA (50/50) nanofibers obtained with average diameter of 250 nm. Viscosity, electrical conductivity, and surface tension of PMM/PVA solution were 550 Cp, 575 μS/cm, and 47.044 mN/m, respectively. FTIR and XRD results verified the exiting PMM in produced nanofibers and no chemical reaction between PMM and PVA. Improvement in mechanical strength and cell viability of nanofibers by adding PMM to PVA nanofibers indicated the potential application of PMM-based nanofibers for medical and food industries. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47852.     

5-Fluorouracil-loaded poly(vinyl alcohol)/chitosan blend nanofibers: morphology,drug release and cell culture studies

Electrospun polymeric nanofibers as carriers for anticancer drugs have received a great deal of attention to treat tumor cells. This work was aimed to prepare an optimized nanofibrous sample based on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/chitosan (CS) blend, and then evaluate it containing 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in terms of morphology, drug release, and cell culture. The electrospinning conditions to produce PVA/CS (50/50) blend nanofibers with an average diameter of approximately 150.8 nm were adjusted as follows: applied voltage 17 kV, needle tip to collector distance 60 cm, and flow rate 0.1 mL/h. The obtained results from Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that there were no chemical interactions between the polymers and drug during the electrospinning process and the uniform morphology without beads. Moreover, to prolong 5-FU release from the blend nanofibers, three layered samples consisting of PVA/CS blend and poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) [PVA/CS-PCL 3-layers] were electrospun. On the other hand, by adding PCL in the PVA/CS blend nanofibers, the samples showed more hydrophobic property. Eventually, thiazolyl blue (MTT) assay along with NIH 3T3 cells culture proved that the sample could kill more than 80% of the cells. This formulation could be a promising candidate for cancer therapy potentially.

     

Cross-linked electrospun polyvinyl alcohol/sodium caseinate nanofibers for antibacterial applications

In this study, the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium caseinate (SC) nanofibers were produced by a single-fluid electrospinning method from their blends. Afterward, the cross-linking process with two different methods was applied to the PVA/SC (70/30, v/v) ratio, which was selected according to the surface and mechanical properties of the electrospun mat. In the first method, different ratios (15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%) of glutaraldehyde (GLA) cross-linking agents were added to the PVA/SC solution and then, PVA/SC/GLA nanofibers were obtained. In the second method (in-situ method), the nanofibers obtained from the PVA/SC solution were cross-linked by dipping into the cross-linking solution. After, PVA/SC/GLA/Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NP) mats were obtained by adding ZnO NP at different rates to the PVA/SC/GLA (7030-25GLA) solution, which was chosen according to the results of thermal, mechanical, and moisture test. In addition, performing tests, a cytotoxicity test for fibroblast cell line (L929), and in vitro antibacterial test for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were also applied to them. Therefore, the usability of PVA/SC/GLA/ZnO NP nanofibers as an antibacterial effective wound dressing was investigated. Due to the high toxic effect of GLA, it was found that PVA/SC/ZnO cross-linked nanofibers are not suitable for wound dressing use. However, it was determined that the PVA/SC nanofiber cross-linked by the in-situ method had high cell viability according to the cytotoxicity test result and thus could be used as a fibroblast tissue scaffold.     

Silver nanoparticle incorporated poly(l‐lactide‐co‐glycolide) nanofibers: Evaluation of their biocompatibility and antibacterial properties

The objective of this work is the fabrication of poly(l ‐lactide‐co‐glycolide) or PLGA (with LA/GA ratios of 50/50 and 75/25) nanofibers containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by the method of electrospinning. The incorporation of AgNPs in PLGA was carried out in three different concentrations (1, 3, 6 w/w %).The electrospun nanofibers were evaluated for their morphology by scanning electron microscopy and their fiber diameters ranged between 487 and 781 nm. Integration of AgNPs within the fibers was verified by spectroscopy studies, while the mechanical properties of the developed fibers were found comparable to the mechanical properties of the human skin. Proliferation of human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) demonstrated minimal cytotoxicity on fibers containing 1 wt % and 3 wt % of AgNPs, while 6 wt % of AgNPs inhibited cell proliferation. Antimicrobial activity was studied using three different strains of Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria. Results of the HDF proliferation and antimicrobial studies showed that the electrospun PLGA75/25 containing 3 wt % AgNP can function as a suitable substrate for wound dressing, compared to the other scaffolds of this study. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42686.     

Electrospun polyvinyl alcohol/waterborne polyurethane composite nanofibers involving cellulose nanofibers

TEMPO‐oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TOCNs) were used as nanofillers in this work. Composite nanofibers of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/waterborne polyurethane (WPU) reinforced with TOCNs were produced by electrospinning. The reinforcing capability of TOCNs was investigated by tensile tests. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffraction, and thermogravimetry analyses were also carried out in order to characterize the appearance, crystallinity, and reinforcing effect of the cellulose nanofibers. SEM results showed that PVA/WPU/TOCNs composite nanofibers presented a highly homogeneous dispersion of TOCNs. The reinforced composites had about 44% increase in their mechanical properties with addition of only 5 wt % of TOCNs while about 42% decrease in elongation at break. The TOCNs reinforced composite nanofibers were more thermally stable than pure PVA/WPU nanofibers. The development of crystalline structure in the composite fibers was observed by XRD. Since PVA, WPU, and TOCNs are hydrophilic, non‐toxic, and biocompatible, and therefore, these nanocomposite nanofibers could be used for tissue scaffolding, filtration materials, and medical industries as wound dressing materials. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 41051.     

Preparation and surface-enhanced Raman performance of electrospun poly(vinyl alcohol)/ high-concentration-gold nanofibers

A facile approach to prepare electrospun poly(vinly alcohol) (PVA) nanofibers with high concentration of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) on the fibers, had been developed. These PVA/Au nanofibers could be used as flexible surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates. Relatively high concentration of PVA aqueous solution (10 wt %) was used as the stabilizing agent for gold salt precursor, as well as the starting solution for electrospinning. This method was demonstrated to be effective to prepare high-concentration-gold nanoparticles without aggregation and precipitation by reducing high concentration of gold salt in the presence of PVA aqueous solution. SEM and TEM images showed that both the amount and the size of Au NPs which embedded in PVA nanofibers, increased with increasing the gold salt content, while the gap between the adjacent NPs decreased. Raman spectra showed an apparent enhancement in the signal of 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) molecules pre-absorbed from its ethanol solution onto the PVA/Au nanofibers. The high SERS activity to 4-MBA in solution with a relatively low concentration (10⁻⁶ M), could be mainly attributed to the reduced gap of Au NPs.     

Preparation and characterization of graphene oxide/poly(vinyl alcohol) composite nanofibers via electrospinning

Graphene oxide (GO) was well dispersed in poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) diluted aqueous solution, and then the mixture was electrospun into GO/PVA composite nanofibers. Electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy on the as‐prepared and calcined samples confirm the uniform distribution of GO sheets in the nanofibers. The thermal and mechanical properties of the nanofibers vary considerably with different GO filler contents. The decomposition temperatures of the GO/PVA composite nanofiber dropped by 38–50°C compared with pure PVA. A very small loading of 0.02 wt % GO increases the tensile strength of the nanofibers by 42 times. A porous 3D structure was realized by postcalcining nanofibers in H₂. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

Ultrasmall Ag nanocrystals supported on chitosan/PVA nanofiber mats with bifunctional properties

Bifunctional nanofiber mats consisting of chitosan (CS), poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), and silver nanocrystals (Ag NCs) have been fabricated by a facile electrospinning method. The formation and presence of Ag NCs supported on CS/PVA nanofibers are confirmed by ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction. The morphology of the samples is characterized by transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The prepared Ag NCs/CS/PVA nanofiber mats show pronounced antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and excellent filtration property for suspended particulate matter (SPM) particles. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 46504.     

Surface properties,thermal, and mechanical characteristics of poly(vinyl alcohol)–starch‐bacterial cellulose composite films

Nanocomposite films for food packaging applications were developed using bacterial cellulose (BC) nanofibers in different amount in a poly(vinyl alcohol)/starch (PVA/St) matrix. In search of a better method to reduce the harmful ingredients in food packaging, the cellulose nanofibers were obtained by the mechanical defibrillation of BC pellicles thus avoiding the addition of chemicals in the final packaging material. Improved mechanical performances were obtained starting from just 1% BC nanofibers in PVA/St. Atomic force microscopy images showed a uniform dispersion of BC nanofibers on the surface of nanocomposites. A twofold increase of both tensile strength and modulus was obtained for 2 wt % BC in the composite. BC nanofibers have greatly improved the barrier properties of PVA/St matrix, a twofold increase of water vapor permeability being obtained for only 2 wt % BC nanofibers in the composite film. PVA/St/2BC was proposed as a high potential material for food packaging applications. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 45800.     

Synthesis,antimicrobial activity,and release of tetracycline hydrochloride loaded poly(vinyl alcohol)/soybean protein isolate/zirconium dioxide nanofibrous membranes

Tetracycline hydrochloride loaded poly(vinyl alcohol)/soybean protein isolate/zirconium (Tet–PVA/SPI/ZrO₂) nanofibrous membranes were fabricated via an electrospinning technique. The average diameter of the PVA/soybean protein isolate (SPI)/ZrO₂ nanofibers used as drug carriers increased with increasing ZrO₂ content, and the nanofibers were uneven and tended to stick together when the ZrO₂ content was above 15 wt %. The Tet–PVA/SPI/ZrO₂ nanofibers were similar in morphology when the loading dosage of the model drug tetracycline hydrochloride was below 6 wt %. The PVA, SPI, and ZrO₂ units were linked by hydrogen bonds in the hybrid networks, and the addition of ZrO₂ improved the thermostability of the polymer matrix. The Tet–PVA/SPI/ZrO₂ nanofibrous membranes exhibited good controlled drug‐release properties and antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The results of this study suggest that those nanofibrous membranes were suitable for drug delivery and wound dressing. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40903.     

Synthesis,antimicrobial, and release behaviors of tetracycline hydrochloride loaded poly (VInyl alcohol)/chitosan/ZrO2 nanofibers

Tetracycline hydrochloride loaded poly (vinyl alcohol)/chitosan/ZrO₂ (Tet‐PVA/CS/ZrO₂) hybrid nanofibers were fabricated via electrospinning technique. The representative weight ratio of PVA/CS at 3 : 1 was chosen to fabricate drug carrier PVA/CS/ZrO₂ nanofibers. The drug carrier showed a decrease in average diameter with the increase of ZrO₂ content at given conditions, and the nanofibers were uneven and interspersed with spindle‐shape beads with ZrO₂ content at 60 wt % and above. The networks linked by hydrogen and Zr–O–C bonds among PVA, CS, and ZrO₂ units resulted in the improving of thermal stability and decreasing of crystallinity of the polymeric matrix. Moreover, the incorporation of ZrO₂ endowed the fibers with ultraviolet shielding effect ranged from 200 to 400 nm. The Tet loading dosage had no obvious effect on the morphology and size of the medicated nanofibers at Tet content below 8 wt %, but interspersed with spindle‐shaped beads when Tet content increased to 10 wt %. The Tet‐PVA/CS/ZrO₂) nanofibers showed well controlled release and better antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, and the Tet release from the medicated nanofibers could be described by Fickian diffusion model for M_t /M_∞< 0.6. These medicated nanofibers may have potential as a suitable material in drug delivery and wound dressing. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42506.     

Biocompatible Smart Matrices Based on Poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-Poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) Composite

The study investigated the use of composite of conducting poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and temperature responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) nanofibers as scaffold for tissue engineering application. The nanofibers of PNIPAm and PEDOT-PNIPAm composite were fabricated using electrospinning technique. FTIR was used to check the chemical structure of the composite while the conducting nature of the composite material was investigated by means of cyclic voltammetry. The average diameter of the PNIPAm and the composite nanofibers was investigated by using scanning electron microscopy, which indicates that the composite has some what more average diameter than the PNIPAm nanofibers alone. The biocompatibility of the material was studied by seeding L929 fibroblast cells on the nanofibers surface. It was seen that PEDOT-PNIPAm composite nanofibers shows highest cell growth and % live of around 98% indicating the use of these nanofibers as scaffold for the tissue engineering application.     

小麦蛋白/聚乙烯醇复合纳米纤维的制备及其表征

以小麦蛋白、聚乙烯醇(PVA)为原料,采用静电纺丝法制备小麦蛋白/PVA共混复合纳米纤维,重点研究纺丝液质量分数、电压、接收距离对纤维形态的影响,利用扫描电镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱、X-射线衍射光谱对纤维的形态与结构进行表征。结果表明:在纺丝液质量分数10%、小麦蛋白与PVA质量比8∶2、电压12 kV、接收距离10 cm的条件下,可以制备平均直径为280 nm左右的均一、表面光滑的纳米纤维。小麦蛋白与PVA复合后,分子间以氢键结合。