共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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以月桂醇聚醚硫酸酯钠(AES)、月桂醇聚醚硫酸酯铵(AESA)为例:通过污泥耗氧速率的变化了解表面活性剂对活性污泥的抑制情况;用磁力搅拌表面曝气法代替震荡培养法测试了城镇污水处理厂的活性污泥对表面活性剂的生物降解能力;用污泥负荷表征表面活性剂的初级生物降解速率,便于计算用活性污泥法处理表面活性剂至其起泡性能消失所需的时间。实验结果表明,AES、AESA浓度≥200 mg·L-1时对活性污泥中部分微生物有抑制作用。当AES、AESA浓度≤100 mg·L-1时,用城镇污水处理厂的活性污泥好氧处理的初级生物降解速率分别为0.06 kg AES.(kg MLSS·d)-1、0.06 kg AESA.(kg MLSS·d)-1;用活性污泥法好氧处理20小时后的CODCr去除率分别为75.7%、79.9%;AESA的可生物降解性优于AES。 相似文献
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《中国洗涤用品工业》2017,(8)
简述了表面活性剂对环境的影响及研究进展。着重讨论了表面活性剂的研究方法及表征,各种生物降解过程、降解机理和影响表面活性剂生物降解的因素。并对表面活性剂的安全性及毒性、温和性及对皮肤和黏膜的刺激性进行了简要介绍。 相似文献
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中国表面活性剂工业可实施的绿色表面活性剂新产品 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
黄洪周 《精细与专用化学品》2007,15(16):1-5
详细介绍了我国表面活性剂工业可实施的绿色表面活性剂新产品,主要包括以下几类:脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚(AEO)、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸盐(AES)、α-烯基磺酸盐(AOS)、烷基聚葡萄糖苷(APG)、可生物降解的Gemini表面活性剂以及新型阻垢分散剂聚环氧琥珀酸(PESA)和聚天冬氨酸(PASP)等.并概括了我国表面活性剂工业新产品的发展趋势. 相似文献
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The biodegradability of sodium alkylpoly(oxyalkylene)sulfates was studied under aerobic conditions by oxygen consumption,
total organic corbon (TOC) and methylene blue active substance (MBAS) measurements. MBAS of linear alkylpoly(oxyalkylene)sulfates
with propylene oxide (APS) or ethylene oxide (AES) disappeared within 5 days, whereas AES with branched alkyl chains were
degraded less than linear AES. APS with propylene oxide from 1 to 3 mol showed BOD/ThOD values of more than 40% after 6 days.
Therefore, these surfactants are considered to be readily biodegradable. In comparison to the biodegradability of APS and
AES, the existence of propylene oxide groups resulted in a slight decreasing in oxygen consumption and TOC removal. Linear
APS with PO of 1~3 mol were degraded according to Swisher's distance principle up to a C16 alkyl chain length. That is, increasing distance principle up to a C16 alkyl chain length. That is, increasing distance between sulfate and chain end increased the rate of biodegradation of these
surfactants. Furthermore, from the biodegradation test of35S-C12E3S, it is suggested that the initial step of biodegradation is attack on the terminal methyl group. 相似文献
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75.7%草甘膦铵盐可溶粒剂的配方研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以牛脂胺聚氧乙烯基醚(E0=15)、十二醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠(AES)、烷基糖苷、茶皂素和有机硅进行了表面活性剂的复配,从而为草甘膦复配出有效、温和、易生物降解且价格低廉的助剂,并将其用于75.7%的草甘膦铵盐可溶粒剂配制中。同时对该粒剂产品的各项性能指标进行了评价。实验结果表明,最佳配方组成为95.5%草甘瞵铵盐79.3g,牛脂胺聚氧乙烯基醚(EO=15)10.4g,十二醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠2.6g,硫酸铵7.7g。该产品溶解性好,水溶液表面张力低,泡沫性低,热贮分解率小于5%,各项指标均符合可溶粒剂的要求;对测试杂草靶标的生物活性优于国内同类产品,且与国外产品相当。 相似文献
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基于表面活性剂固-液界面吸附理论,在无搅拌条件下研究了十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS(、脂肪醇聚乙烯醚硫酸钠(AES(、脂肪醇聚乙烯醚(AEO(3种表面活性剂在不锈钢反应釜中对甲烷水合物生成的促进效果。结果表明:水合物的生成形态与表面活性剂吸附金属表面形态有良好的对应关系;SDS与AES在金属表面的吸附作用可使水合物成核速率提高,成核位置增多。由于AEO不能在金属壁面发生吸附,导致对水合物生成促进效果降低,在浓度为300 mg·L-1的SDS、AES和AEO溶液中,水合物储气密度及平均储气速率分别为131.4、128.3、12.3(体积比(和5.8、7.6、0.07 mmol·min-1;逐步提高SDS溶液浓度(80~1200 mg·L-1(和AES溶液浓度(60~1350 mg·L-1(,水合物储气密度首先增大然后减小,储气速率线性增大。因此,合理选择表面活性剂种类及浓度,可显著促进水合物生成。 相似文献
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In order to explain biodegradation behavior of sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate (LAS) in the soil environment, a soil perfusion
method has been applied. This method is one of continuous enrichment cultures with soil. The degree of degradation of LAS
was evaluated by measuring the amount of ferroin reagent active substances (FRAS) instead of methylene blue active substances
(MBAS) and/or of total organic carbon (TOC) in the perfusion fluid. The biodegradation of LAS started after adsorption onto
soils. At high LAS concentrations, the biodegradation occurred after some lag phase, but further added LAS was degraded readily
without a lag phase. These results of biodegradation are in good agreement with those obtained from the biodegradation tests
on river water and activated sludge, and reproducible results were obtained for the soil perfusion with the same soil. This
proves the soil perfusion method to be a useful method for evaluation of biodegradation in the soil environment. 相似文献
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N.M. Larocca 《Polymer》2004,45(15):5265-5277
AES, a terpolymer of acrylonitrile-EPDM(ethylene/propylene/diene elastomer)-styrene, was blended in poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT). Uniaxial tensile tests were carried out at various strain rates on blends containing 0-50 wt% of AES in order to study the yielding behavior of PBT in these blends by the Eyring equation. It was found that stress concentration factor (γ) increases sharply when a small content of AES is incorporated in the PBT matrix, but further incorporation seems to have small effect and γ levels out, a behavior that can be explained by the blend morphology and AES mechanical characteristics. The effect of AES content on the notched Izod impact strength of PBT blends was also examined in depth. It was found that a supertough blend can be achieved with at least 30 wt% of AES in PBT in appropriate molding temperature. Macroscopic and microscopic observations indicate that dilatational process play an important role on the toughening mechanism in PBT/AES blends at notched Izod impact tests. 相似文献