试论体育锻炼与大学生心理健康

据1989年9月23日《健康咨询报》报道，在全国范围内抽样调查12．6万名大学生的结果表明，20％的学生有心理障碍和心理疾病，我国名心理学家林传鼎先生通过对我国学生和美、日、法、英、德等国学生在智力、情绪等方面的测试调查发现：我国学生智力较高，但情绪不太稳定，性格趋于内向，心理健康程度不够。     

大学生体育锻炼与心理健康

目前许多校在校生都存在不同程度的心理问题，网络依赖症，情绪萎靡不振，正影响着他们的学习和生活．大学生的心理健康状况不容乐观并日趋严重。通过高校体育教学，充分利用体育自身独特的运动特点，使大学生在体育教学中，培养良好的心理素质，促进他们的心理健康发展。     

大学生心理健康问题的探讨与实践

随着知识经济的全球化,社会竞争的日益激烈,大学生受到各方面的压力越来越大,从而产生各种类型和不同程度的心理问题.文章从大学生存在的心理问题现状分析入手,着重阐述其产生的根源及应对措施.     

浅析大学生人际交往与心理健康

健康的心理是大学生综合素质得以提高的前提条件,更是学生学业成就、事业成功、生活幸福的保证。本文探讨大学生在人际交往与心理健康,介绍了大学生人际交往重要性,影响因素和建立健康人际交往的方法,旨在帮助大学生了解人际交往中的重要方面,指导大学生进行正确的人际交往,从而构建和谐的人际关系,促进心理的健康发展     

大学生违法行为与心理健康教育

随着经济社会的不断发展,大学生面临的社会环境、家庭环境和校园环境日益纷繁复杂,他们需要面对很多过去从没经受过的压力和问题,大学生的心理健康状况不容乐观。高校应多措并举,强化大学生心理健康教育,帮助其消除不良的心理状况,最大程度地预防和避免大学生因心理问题而引发的违法违纪行为的发生。     

大学生心理健康教育与引导

随着社会的飞速发展,大学生面临的学习、工作、人际关系的压力越来越大,再加上社会转型与变革的时代背景,种种矛盾冲突交织在一起,对大学生的心理产生了各种复杂的心理误区和障碍。高校教育工作者要加强大学生的心理健康教育及引导;重视和研究大学生的心理状态,引导大学生排解心理障碍,培养大学生健康的心理素质是高校教育的一项重要任务。     

大学生心理健康教育与高校图书馆

文章从大学生心理健康现状入手,分析了高校图书馆开展大学生心理健康教育优势,并论述了高校图书馆开展大学生心理健康教育的途径。     

大学生心理健康教育的教学研究

大学生心理健康教育课对心理健康知识的普及和大学生心理问题的预防都具有重要的作用.明确大学生心理健康教育课的目标,选准大学生心理健康教育课的内容以及运用灵活多样的教学方法是上好大学生心理健康教育课的关键.     

高校大学生心理健康教育的探析

大学生心理健康问题引起了社会各界的高度重视,各高校都在以各种途径开展广泛的心理健康教育活动。但现实教育中存在某些模糊认识和实践上的偏差,影响到高校心理健康教育事业的本身健康发展。因此,正确认识大学生心理问题的现状,澄清教育认识上的误区,积极思考新形势下开展心理健康教育的途径和方法,促进大学生健康成长具有重要的现实意义。     

谈如何实施大学生心理健康教育

心理健康教育旨在大学生的心理素质,是实施素质教育的重要内容。本文就大学生不良心理现象的形成原因和表现形式进行了分析就如何加强大学生心理健康教育提出了一些建议。     

大学生消费群广告名人效应的心理加工机制研究

从自动化加工和控制性加工这个视角研究了名人效应的心理加工机制。实验运用加工分离程序，探讨了大学生消费对名人广告的信息加工模式。结果发现：①与用一般消费做代言人相比，大学生消费对名人广告明显存在更多的自动化加工；②在非注意条件下，代言人的专业化程度明显地影响了大学生消费的控制性加工，但与自动化加工关系不大。     

环境暴力暴露、暴力态度对社会民众心理安全感的影响

目的考察社会民众心理安全感的基本状况以及环境暴力暴露、暴力态度对民众心理安全感的影响。方法对随机抽取的278名一般社会民众开展问卷调查。结果暴力暴露与暴力态度、心理不安全感之间存在显著正相关,与心理确定感之间存在显著负相关;暴力态度与心理不安全感有显著正相关;心理不安全感与心理确定感有显著负相关。暴力态度在环境暴力暴露与心理不安全感间有显著的中介作用。结论可见减少日常环境中的暴力线索暴露,改变民众的暴力态度是维护民众心理安全感的有效手段。     

高校“双肩挑”辅导员疲劳现状调研及风险管理

目的调研高校内"双肩挑"辅导员的疲劳现状并提出疲劳管理方案,以帮助辅导员在完成科研任务的同时完成学生培养工作。方法以某高校"双肩挑"辅导员作为研究对象,采用半结构化访谈及疲劳量表结合的方式,调研疲劳状况。结合疲劳理论,提出辅导员的疲劳风险管理措施。结果高校辅导员面临着疲劳问题,认为自己"比以往更容易疲劳",了解自身的疲劳会影响生活、工作状态。工作的压力来源包括对新事物迅速学习的要求以及重复工作较多、工作节奏快、工作内容多、时间不足等。但辅导员周围的导师和同学能够理解辅导员的疲劳状况。结论 "双肩挑"辅导员存在一定的疲劳问题,其疲劳管理可从辅导员自身、管理组织者和导师及同学三方面开展。     

Influence of purified attapulgite clays on the adhesive properties of cement pastes as measured by the tack test

This study evaluates the influence of small additions of highly-purified attapulgite clays (0.2% and 0.5% addition by mass of cement) on the adhesive properties of cement pastes. Adhesive properties are measured by the tack test, a novel method of evaluating the rheological properties of granular materials. To better understand the results of the tack test as they pertain to cementitious materials, a highly concentrated material that is evolving due to thixotropic rebuilding and hydration, they are supplemented with a measure of the viscoelastic properties over time obtained through low-amplitude oscillatory shear rheometry. The influence of different preshear conditions and resting times (age of paste) on the adhesive properties are determined. Results show the tack test to be a suitable method for obtaining useful information about the adhesive properties and structural evolution of the material in the fresh state.     

Three-dimensional finite element analysis of fracture modes for the pull-off test of a thin film from a stiff substrate

A three-dimensional geometrically nonlinear finite element analysis model is presented to study the interfacial delamination for the pull-off test of a thin film strip debonded from a stiff substrate. The strain energy release rates of all three modes (mode I, mode II, and mode III) along the debond front are considered and calculated to investigate the mixed fracture modes for the entire deformation regime from bending plate to stretching membrane. These results indicate that the individual strain energy release rates and the total energy release rate vary along the width of the debond front and strong three-dimensional edge effects exist near the free edges of the film. Interestingly, residual stress also plays an important role in controlling mixed fracture modes and the variation of the energy release rates. Finally, the three-dimensional finite element model is compared with an analytical solution developed earlier. The three-dimensional finite element model is found to provide additional insights for interfacial delamination for the pull-off test.     

Asymptotic modeling of the long-period oscillations of tribological parameters in the wear process of metals under heavy duty sliding conditions with application to structural health monitoring

Different aspects of the long-period oscillations of tribological parameters in the wear process of metals under constant heavy duty sliding conditions are theoretically investigated on the basis of the previously constructed mathematical model. The obtained asymptotic formula for the period of oscillations agrees with the quantitative predictions known in the literature. The period of oscillations is suggested as a diagnostic parameter in assessing the health of operating tribosystem. An approximate formula for the phase of oscillations of relaxation type in the Lotka-Volterra nonlinear mathematical model is derived by the relaxation oscillation method.     

Utilisation of MSWI bottom ash as sub-base in road construction: first results from a large-scale test site

The preferred management option for municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) bottom ash in Denmark is utilisation rather than landfilling, but the current environmental quality criteria for bottom ash to be utilised in bulk quantities are rather strict. To evaluate the impact and risk assessments, upon which those criteria are based, a large-scale test site has been established. Three different MSWI bottom ashes have been used as sub-base in six test units ranging from 100 to 200 m2 with top covers of asphalt, flagstones and pebbles, respectively. All units, except one, are equipped with bottom liners and leachate collection equipment. The test site provides information on the leachate quality and quantity as a function of time under different conditions and on the flow pattern in asphalt and flagstone covered roads and squares with MSWI bottom ash sub-base. In addition, the leaching behaviour of the bottom ashes has been studied in the laboratory. The test site was established in October 2002 and the project is still ongoing. Water balance results indicate that the water flow distribution is strongly influenced by lateral flow on or in the upper part of the bottom ash layer and possibly by preferential flow. Comparisons between eluates from laboratory leaching tests on the bottom ashes and observations of the leachate from the site as a function of L/S show fairly good agreement for salts but less agreement for some trace elements. Most likely, this is partly due to the fact that the pH observed in the leachate from the field sites is lower than that observed in the eluates from the laboratory leaching tests.     

健康视角下城市休闲绿地声景恢复性评价研究

为探究城市休闲绿地中声景出现频率与其恢复性效益之间的关系并确定最优函数模型,文章从声景与人体健康之间关系的角度出发,以福州市5处城市休闲绿地为例,通过层次分析法构建声景恢复性评价体系,再以声漫步实验获取研究区域内声景出现频率的客观数据及恢复性主观评分,选择12类函数模型进行主客观数据拟合并建立关系模型.结果显示:人工声...     

Identification of ductile damage and fracture parameters from the small punch test using neural networks

This paper presents a method for the identification of deformation, damage and fracture properties of ductile materials. The small punch test is used to obtain the material response under loading. The resulting load displacement curve contains information about the deformation and failure behavior of the tested material. The finite element method is used to compute the load displacement curve depending on the parameters of the Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman damage law. Via a systematic variation of the material parameters a data base is built up, which is used to train neural networks. This neural network can be used to predict the load displacement curve of the SPT for a given material parameter set. The identification of the material parameters is done by using a conjugate directions algorithm, which minimizes the error between an experimental load displacement curve and one predicted by the network function. The identified material parameters are validated by independent tests on notched tensile specimens. Furthermore, these parameters can be used to compute the crack growth in fracture specimens, which finally leads to a prediction of classical fracture toughness parameters.     

Applying the Abbé test to the independence of measurement series with distributions deviating from normal

Monte Carlo simulation has been used to demonstrate correctness in using the parametric Abbé test in metrological practice for checking the hypothesis of independence for the realization of some forms of nongaussian random processes. __________ Translated from Izmeritel’naya Tekhnika, No. 8, pp. 13–17, August, 2006.