Investigation of in situ Raman spectra for the control of PLD of YBCO thin film superconductors

To convert superconducting thin films from an interesting area of research to a viable industrial product such as long length coated-conductors, it is fast becoming apparent that some form of process control with feedback from the growing film is necessary during deposition and post-processing. Several different methodologies are being studied. Of these, one of the most promising is Raman spectroscopy (RS). However, the Raman effect is weak and is typically not well suited as a feedback sensor in the harsh environment of a deposition chamber. RS has been used primarily as an ex situ characterization technique. Two primary questions to be answered are how will the spectra taken during deposition and during post-deposition annealing differ from that of well characterized ex situ spectra. This paper attempts to find a preliminary answer to the second question. In this study, Raman spectra were taken during post oxygen annealing of films under a variety of conditions. The critical transition temperature (T_c) of films was obtained before and after annealing using AC susceptibility measurements. Results of these tests are used to demonstrate the feasibility of the Raman spectra and images as a feedback mechanism during deposition.     

Optical analysis of aortic implants

This work presents the results of experimental studies of aortic implants using Raman spectroscopy method (RS). The features of Raman spectra of aortic implants, made by two different protocols, were obtained. Were introduced optical coefficients that allow to monitor the content of main components in aortic implants during manufacturing process and to assess the quality of their processing.     

Structural and dynamical properties of SrO in the rock-salt phase

We present a molecular dynamics simulation study of structural and thermodynamic properties of SrO in the rock-salt (RS) structure. Based on a three-body potential, our results are in agreement with experimental measurements and ab initio calculations. The transferability of this potential model is tested by simulating the RS phase of SrO for varying temperature.Various thermodynamic properties including the Debye temperature, heat capacity, linear thermal coefficient and melting point are predicted.Calculations are extended to simulate also the liquid phase of SrO in the RS phase.Superionic behaviour appears in the RS structure at high temperature. Its high diffusion coefficients are calculated from the mean squared atomic displacements.     

Optical Analysis of Implants from the Dura Mater

Presents the results of the spectral analysis using the method of Raman scattering spectroscopy (RS) of dura mater (DM) samples, manufactured by technology “Lioplast” practised in the clinic in the area of atrophic processes at multiple gum recessions. The method of Fourier deconvolution and selection of the spectral profile by the method of least squares is used to increase the resolution and informativity of the spectrum. With the help of mathematical methods of separation of overlapping spectral contours, the main bands corresponding to the main components of the implants were found: amides, proteins, glycosaminoglycans, DNA/RNA. On the basis of the two-dimensional spectral analysis, the coefficients reflecting the composition of the dura mater with different methods of its treatment were introduced. It has been established that Raman spectroscopy can be used to evaluate implants from the dura mater.     

RS编码交织深度对气象卫星数据传输的影响

RS编码和交织技术是当前气象卫星在数据传输过程中通常采取的、用来对抗信道深度衰落的措施,本文通过提取实际接收到的EOS卫星数据,根据数据在RS纠错前、后的差异,从实际工程的角度验证了不同交织深度对接收数据的影响。     

RS和GIS支持的喀斯特山区公路建设可行性研究

在公路选线中,遥感(RS)和地理信息系统(GIS)技术能全面宏观地分析工程区的地质背景及 其对整个工程的影响,对于降低工程成本及评价未来公路运行的风险具有重要意义。以地处喀斯特 山区的贵州省关岭至兴仁二级公路为例,应用RS和GIS技术对工程区进行了地质背景评价,认为 公路的设计线路是可行的。同时,指出喀斯特山区公路建设的最大隐患是富水断裂带可能发生的岩 溶渗水和崩塌,应予高度重视。     

图像融合效果评价方法研究

随着遥感技术的发展，遥感数据越来越丰富。通过遥感图像融合可以综合利用各种遥感数据的信息，提高遥感图像解译和自动分类的准确性。图像融合的方法很多，但缺乏对融合图像效果评价的方法来综合评价融合方法的效果。本文采用标准差、信息熵和清晰度等定量参数来评价融合效果并用自动分类的精度来验证。     

遥感和地理信息系统在半干旱地区降雨-径流关系模拟中的应用

为解决黄土高原半干旱地区农业和生活缺水问题,许多地方实施了集水工程以收集雨水。为分析集水潜力,以黄土高原半干旱地区的6个自然集水区为研究对象,利用遥感和地理信息系统获得研究区地形、植被、流域特征等参数。通过统计分析的办法得出该区域多年平均年径流量与降雨量、地形、植被等因素的关系模型。该模型将影响降雨-径流关系的几个主要因素定量表示出来,可以快速、准确地计算一个集水区的径流量,克服采用径流等值线计算径流带来的误差。     

遥感和地理信息系统在半干旱地区降雨-径流关系模拟中的应用

为解决黄土高原半干旱地区农业和生活缺水问题 ,许多地方实施了集水工程以收集雨水。为分析集水潜力 ,以黄土高原半干旱地区的 6个自然集水区为研究对象 ,利用遥感和地理信息系统获得研究区地形、植被、流域特征等参数。通过统计分析的办法得出该区域多年平均年径流量与降雨量、地形、植被等因素的关系模型。该模型将影响降雨 -径流关系的几个主要因素定量表示出来 ,可以快速、准确地计算一个集水区的径流量 ,克服采用径流等值线计算径流带来的误差     

基于RS与GIS的城市道路网密度计算

为实时、准确、快速地评价城市道路网系统,提出基于RS与GIS的城市道路网密度计算方法.利用Erdas的RS影像处理功能收集城市道路网的实时数据,使用ArcGIS对有关数据进行处理,提取道路网密度计算所需信息,计算道路网密度.对某旅游城市道路网密度计算表明,该方法可以为城市道路网的规划与建设提供支持.     

A response surface approach for structural reliability analysis using evidence theory

Evidence theory employs a much more general and flexible framework to quantify the epistemic uncertainty, and thereby it is adopted to conduct reliability analysis for engineering structures recently. However, the large computational cost caused by its discrete property significantly influences the practicability of evidence theory. This paper proposes an efficient response surface (RS) method to evaluate the reliability for structures using evidence theory, and hence improves its applicability in engineering problems. A new design of experiments technique is developed, whose key issue is the search of the important control points. These points are the intersections of the limit-state surface and the uncertainty domain, thus they have a significant contribution to the accuracy of the subsequent established RS. Based on them, a high precise radial basis functions RS to the actual limit-state surface is established. With the RS, the reliability interval can be efficiently computed for the structure. Four numerical examples are investigated to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Probabilistic estimation of the reachable set of model reference adaptive controllers using the scenario approach

A fundamental and critical problem for Model Reference Adaptive Control (MRAC) systems is the characterisation of the system response during transients. This problem is strictly related to the estimation of the reachable set (RS) from a fixed set of initial conditions and it is typically tackled using the Lyapunov's direct method. One well-known drawback of this approach is the excessive conservatism in the estimation of the RS. To overcome this limitation the authors propose a novel probabilistic framework where uncertain parameters and control signals are considered as random variables. In this framework the RS design is translated into a stochastic convex optimisation problem. This brings the benefit that (probabilistic) LMIs with reduced conservatism can be worked out. The so-called scenario optimisation approach is then used to solve the stochastic optimisation problem with a-priori specified level of reliability. The novel approach is compared with an existing worst-case approach in determining the RS of MRAC systems in the presence of matched and input uncertainty via simulation studies. The proposed methodology can potentially be a useful tool for the probabilistic analysis and design of a broad category of existing adaptive control systems.     

降低寄存器软错误的静态寄存器重分配方法

针对寄存器交换方法在降低寄存器软错误率过程中,未考虑寄存器分配过程对软错误所带来影响的问题,提出一种基于活跃变量对于软错误影响的静态寄存器重分配方法。首先,引入活跃变量权值来评估其对寄存器软错误的影响;然后,提出两条规则,在进行寄存器交换后对活跃变量进行寄存器的重新分配。该方法在更小粒度的活跃变量层次,进一步降低了寄存器软错误率。实验和分析表明,相对于寄存器交换方法,该策略能进一步降低30%的寄存器软错误率,增强了寄存器的可靠性。     

An evolutionary approach for combining results of recommender systems techniques based on collaborative filtering

Recommender systems (RS) are often used as guides, helping users to discover products of their interest. Many techniques and approaches to generate an effective recommendation are available for the system designers. On the one hand, this is interesting because different application’s scenarios could have a fittest solution but on the other it can also cause some complexity to select the best technique to address at each state of the database. Thus, choose the best technique for each new state becomes too difficult and frequent for manually select. One of big challenges on RS is turn the techniques more useful for real-world scenarios. Therefore, automate or help the design decision is an important task to improve the usability of RS and reduce its cost. Although many works aims to improve the performance of RS for some scenarios, just a few of them try to help the designers on selection or combination of the techniques through applications’ state changes. Therefore, this work proposes an evolutionary approach, called Invenire, to automate the choice of techniques used by combining results of different recommendation techniques. This is a new approach that uses a search algorithm to optimize the techniques combination, and can inspire hybrid methods and expert systems on how automate them. To evaluate the proposal, experiments were performed with a dataset from MovieLens and different collaborative filtering approaches. The results obtained show that the Invenire outperforms all collaborative filtering approach separately in all contexts addressed. The improvement achieved varies from 3.6% to 118.99% depending on the combination encountered and the experiment executed. Thus, the proposal was able to increase the accuracy on the generated recommendations and automate the combinations of techniques.     

Comparison of global and local response surface techniques in reliability-based optimization of composite structures

This paper discusses the development and application of two alternative strategies, in the form of global and sequential local response surface (RS) techniques, for the solution of reliability-based optimization (RBO) problems. The problem of a thin-walled composite circular cylinder under axial buckling instability is used as a demonstrative example. In this case, the global technique uses a single second-order RS model to estimate the axial buckling load over the entire feasible design space (FDS), whereas the local technique uses multiple first-order RS models, with each applied to a small subregion of the FDS. Alternative methods for the calculation of unknown coefficients in each RS model are explored prior to the solution of the optimization problem. The example RBO problem is formulated as a function of 23 uncorrelated random variables that include material properties, the thickness and orientation angle of each ply, the diameter and length of the cylinder, as well as the applied load. The mean values of the 8 ply thicknesses are treated as independent design variables. While the coefficients of variation of all random variables are held fixed, the standard deviations of the ply thicknesses can vary during the optimization process as a result of changes in the design variables. The structural reliability analysis is based on the first-order reliability method with the reliability index treated as the design constraint. In addition to the probabilistic sensitivity analysis of the reliability index, the results of the RBO problem are presented for different combinations of cylinder length and diameter and laminate ply patterns. The two strategies are found to produce similar results in terms of accuracy, with the sequential local RS technique having a considerably better computational efficiency.     

一个混合特征属性选择算法

1.引言特征属性选择(feature attribute selection,FAS)是机器学习和模式识别中比较困难而又非常有意义的一个问题。FAS问题是从一个大的侯选属性集合中选择一个较好的、有代表性的属性子集。由于在实际应用中,过多的属性会严重影响归纳学习的质量,一些不必要的属性会加大训练数据量,影响学习速度,损害所生成规则的精度,因此FAS是一个有实际意义的问题。     

Three-dimensional reconstruction on PC-Windows platform for evaluation of living donor nephrectomy

Evaluation of renal vasculature was necessary for preoperative donor assessment in living donor kidney transplantation, and the ability to view the vascular imaging in three-dimensional (3D) space should be helpful undoubtedly. Considering the widespread use of personal computer (PC) systems, we aimed to find a handy way to display the anatomy of the renal arterial and venous systems of potential donors on PC-Windows platform. Ten living-related donors were included in this study. Serial computed tomography (CT) images were loaded into Amira 3.1 running on a PC with Windows XP. Following image crop, segmentation and 3D reconstruction, we got the 3D images and the video clips. According to the displays which were confirmed by latter intraoperative findings, eight donors had single renal vessels, one had a left accessory renal artery and one had a right accessory renal artery. This project offered a new approach to evaluate the renal vessel anatomy in living donor kidney transplantation, and it was favorable for accuracy and popularizing.     

基于RS码的某运载火箭图像测量系统设计与实现

为了更加直观的观察某型号运载火箭一二级级间分离、二级发动机工况、整流罩分离、星箭分离等重要动作及关键信息,更好的掌握火箭飞行过程中产品性能,提高产品可靠性,给出了一种基于RS纠错码的图像测量系统设计方案。RS码在信道传输过程中能有效纠正突发错误和随机错误,提高信号增益,改善射频信号通信质量。文中阐述了RS纠错码算法理论演算过程,根据现有遥测信道容量,设计出16字节的纠错码,除去12字节的子帧同步码和子帧计数,构造出RS码（184,168）。给出实现该方案的原理架构,详细介绍了摄像机和图像压缩编码器硬件设计工作原理及嵌入式软件设计的架构及流程图。飞行试验结果表明,经过RS编码后的图像测量系统可以有效的解决图像画面马赛克、花屏、卡顿现象,全程画面清晰、流畅。     

Employing crowdsourced geographic data and multi-temporal/multi-sensor satellite imagery to monitor land cover change: A case study in an urbanizing region of the Philippines

Land cover change (LCC) can have a significant impact on human and environmental well-being. LCC maps derived from historical remote sensing (RS) images are often used to evaluate the impacts of past LC changes and to construct models to predict future LC changes. Free moderate spatial resolution (~ 30 m) optical and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) RS imagery is now becoming increasingly available for this LCC monitoring. However, the classification algorithms used to extract LC information from these images typically require “training data” for classification (i.e. points or polygons with LC class labels), and acquiring this labelled training data can be difficult and time-consuming. Alternatively, crowdsourced geographic data (CGD) has become widely available from online sources like OpenStreetMap (OSM), and it may provide a useful source of training data for LCC monitoring. A major challenge with utilizing CGD for LCC mapping, however, is the presence of class labelling errors, and these errors can vary spatially (e.g. due to differing levels of CGD contributor expertise) and temporally (e.g. due to time lag between CGD creation and RS imagery acquisition). In this study, we investigated a new LCC mapping method which utilizes free Landsat (optical) and PALSAR mosaic (SAR) satellite imagery in combination with labelled LC data extracted from CGD sources (the OSM “landuse” and “natural” polygon datasets). A semi-unsupervised classification approach was employed for the LCC mapping to reduce the effects of class label noise in the CGD. The main motivation and benefit of the proposed method is that it does not require training data to be manually collected, allowing for a faster and more automated assessment of LCC. As a case study, we applied the method to map LCC in the Laguna de Bay area of the Philippines over the 2007–2015 period. The LCC map produced using our proposed approach achieved an overall classification accuracy of 90.2%, providing evidence that CGD and multi-temporal/multi-sensor satellite imagery, when combined, have a great potential for LCC monitoring.     

Urinary biomarkers of kidney diseases in HIV-infected children

A significant number of children infected with the human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) virus all over the world are at risk of developing renal diseases that could have a significant impact on their treatment and quality of life. It is necessary to identify children undergoing the early stages of these renal diseases, as well as the potential renal toxicity that could be caused by antiretroviral drugs, in order to prevent the development of cardiovascular complications and chronic renal failure. This article describes the most common renal diseases seen in HIV-infected children, as well as the value and limitations of the clinical markers that are currently being used to monitor their renal function and histological damage in a noninvasive manner. In addition, we discuss the progress made during the last 10 years in the discovery and validation of new renal biomarkers for HIV-infected children and young adults. Although significant progress has been made during the early phases of the biomarkers discovery, more work remains to be done to validate the new biomarkers in a large number of patients. The future looks promising, however, the new knowledge needs to be integrated and validated in the context of the clinical environment where these children are living.