海水养殖甲壳类动物幼体益生菌N6发酵条件的优化研究

[目的]优化海水养殖甲壳类动物幼体益生菌 A.isolate N6 的发酵条件.[方法]通过单因子和多因子正交试验,对菌株 N6 的培养基成分及发酵条件进行了优化.[结果]最佳发酵条件为:葡萄糖 6.0 g/L,硫酸铵 6.0 g/L,酵母膏 1.5 g/L,NaCl 1.0 g/L,初始 pH7.2,摇床转速 180 r/min,接种量 3%,温度 26℃,培养周期 24 h,得到的活菌数达到 2.34×10<'11>cfu/ml,比优化前提高了 129%.[结论]为该益生菌制剂的研制及推广应用奠定了基础.     

共轭亚油酸高产菌株的筛选及培养基的优化

[目的]从自然发酵的酸菜汁中筛选共轭亚油酸高产菌株以及优化该菌株的培养基.[方法]以3种自然发酵的泡菜为研究对象,通过溴甲酚紫平板筛选产酸细菌,革兰氏染色法初步鉴定,紫外吸收光谱法检测发酵液中共轭亚油酸含量等方法,从酸菜汁中筛选到一株共轭亚油酸高产菌株QL2,对其培养基成分碳源、氮源和无机盐离子及底物亚油酸的添加量进行优化.[结果]菌株QL2共轭亚油酸产量达23.263 μg/ml,亚油酸转化率为3.88%.优化后的培养基组成为:乳糖20 g/L,酵母膏30 g/L,CH3COONa 2 g/L,MgSO4·7H2O 0.8 g/L,K2HPO4·3H2O 3 g/L.优化培养基组成成分后,底物亚油酸添加量为0.40%(V/V)时,共轭亚油酸产量达288.740 μg/ml,转化率高达7.21%.[结论]研究为产共轭亚油酸菌株的筛选及培养基的优化提供了参考.     

多黏芽孢杆菌液态发酵条件的初步研究

[目的]优化多黏芽孢杆菌(Paenibacilus polymyxa)液态发酵的条件.[方法]在单因素试验基础上,栗用正交试验对多黏芽孢杆菌液态发酵培养条件进行优化.[结果]确定的最佳培养基配方和培养条件为:马铃薯250.0 g/L,白砂糖20.0g/L,玉米粉30.0 g/L,NaNO<,3>1.0 g/L,(NH<,4>)<.2>SO1.5 g/L,KH<,2>PO<,4>1.0g/L,pH6.5,装液量100 ml/250 ml(V/V),接种量5%(WV),培养温度37℃,摇床转速150 r/min,培养周期72 h.[结论]该研究可为工业化生产多黏芽孢杆菌提供参考.     

正交试验优化L-色氨酸发酵培养基的研究

[目的]优化L-色氨酸发酵培养基.[方法]以大肠杆菌TRJH0709为供试菌株,通过单因素和正交试验研究了L-色氨酸合成的最佳发酵培养基.[结果]L-色氨酸最适发酵培养基为葡萄糖50.0 g/L、硫酸铵15.0 g/L、酵母粉1.5 g/L和柠檬酸2.0 g/L.其中葡萄糖对试验效果影响最大.在该最优条件下,L-色氨酸摇瓶产量可达19.0 g/L.[结论]为L-色氨酸的中试及工业化生产提供了理论依据.     

1株乳酸生产菌的筛选及发酵培养基的优化

[目的]为乳酸菌的发酵生产奠定基础.[方法]从14株耐碱微生物中筛选出1株性能优良的产乳酸菌LP3-3,并通过单因素试验对该菌发酵生产乳酸的培养基进行优化.[结果]产乳酸菌LP3-3经16S rRNA序列测定初步鉴定为金橙黄微小杆菌(Exiguobacteriumauramiacum).经优化,产乳酸菌LP3-3培养基中最佳碳源是葡萄糖,最佳氮源是酵母膏,酵母膏用量为1%,碳氮比为5.确定了其最佳发酵培养基组成:葡萄糖50.0 g/L,酵母膏10.0 g/L,蛋白胨4.0 g/L,乙酸钠(无水)2.0 g/L,柠檬酸三铵2.0 g/L,K<,2>HPO<,4>·H<,2>O2.0g/L,MgSO<,4>·7H<,2>0.2 g/L,MnCl<,2>o4H<,2>O0.05 g/L,吐温80 ml/L,NaCl 40 g/L,初始pH为9.0.[结论]通过培养基的优化提高了产乳酸菌LP3-3的活力.     

产抑菌活性物质放线菌菌株的筛选

[目的]筛选产抑菌活性物质的放线菌菌株.[方法]以金黄色葡萄球菌、对青霉素和头孢菌素类耐药的金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌作为指示菌,采用滤纸片扩散法对300株放线菌的发酵产物进行抗菌活性筛选,通过最小抑菌浓度法(MIC)时筛选的阳性菌株进行抗菌活性测定.[结果]筛选到抗菌活性物质产生菌111株,抑菌率为37.0%;其中对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和耐药金黄色葡萄球菌有抑制活性的菌株分别为111、10和47株.各菌株的最小抑菌浓度有很大差别,菌株174883对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌活性最强,其发酵样品稀释到2048倍仍然表现出抑菌活性.用青霉素酶和头孢菌素酶作用于阳性菌株发酵产物,筛选到6株菌株代谢产物的抑菌活性变弱,菌株32349和kj0428的抑菌活性被抑制最明显.[结论]筛选得到的阳性放线菌菌株具有良好的抗菌活性,为新型抗生素的筛选提供了研究基础.     

北冰洋产淀粉酶海洋细菌的筛选与鉴定及其产酶条件的优化

[目的]筛选与鉴定北冰洋产淀粉酶海洋细菌,并对筛选出的细菌进行产酶条件优化.[方法]从156株北冰洋海洋细菌中筛选出淀粉酶高产菌株Arc B84A,并对其进行了菌株形态学鉴定、16S rRNA分子鉴定以及产酶条件优化.[结果]菌株Arc B84A属于交替假单胞菌属.菌株Arc B84A的最佳产酶条件为:培养基起始pH值为7.0～8.0;最佳碳源为0.5%葡萄糖;最佳氮源为1.0%蛋白胨;TritonX-100、Tween-20、Tween-80等表面活性剂可以提高菌株淀粉酶活性,其中1.0% Tween-80的效果最为明显.[结论]该研究为海洋细菌淀粉酶的生产与应用提供了理论依据.     

脂肪酶产生菌的筛选·产酶条件及酶特性研究

[目的]筛选脂肪酶高活性菌株作为脂肪酶生产菌株和脂肪酶基因的供体菌.[方法]从油脂厂等地采集26份含菌样品,采用溴甲酚紫平板对样品进行初筛,以产脂肪酶发酵培养基摇瓶复筛,获得1株产脂肪酶活性较高的菌株09-7-1,经鉴定该菌株为黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger).采用正交试验对影响该菌株产酶的因素进行了研究,并探讨了该菌株所产脂肪酶的性质.[结果]该菌株最佳产酶条件:碳源为0.5%的可溶性淀粉,氮源为0.2%的酵母膏,培养温度为32℃,发酵液pH为5.2,该菌株最初发酵液中酶活力为13.164 U/ml,优化后酶活力达24.112 U/ml,是最初酶活力的1.83倍.该菌株所产脂肪酶最适作用温度为30℃,最适作用pH为7.0;酶液在60℃保温90 min后,活性损失较少,pH为5.5～10.0内稳定.[结论]该研究可为脂肪酶生产和基因研究奠定基础.     

猪饲料用乳酸菌增菌培养基的优化研究

[目的]通过对培养基成分及pH值的研究,得到最佳乳酸菌螬菌培养基.[方法]采用pH值梯度培养确定培养基的最适pH值;采用PB试验确定培养基主要影响因子;采用响应面试验对乳酸菌培养基进行优化,得出影响因子间的相互关系,并得到最佳培养基.[结果]适于乳酸菌培养的最适起始pH值为6.8;牛肉膏、葡萄糖和NaAc为乳酸菌增殖的主要影响因子,牛肉膏是最重要的影响因子;优化后的最佳培养基:牛肉膏23.70g/L、葡萄糖47.53g/L、NaAc4.87 g/L、蛋白胨10.0 g/L、酵母膏10.0 g/L、柠檬酸二胺2.0 g/L、MnSO40.2g/L、吐温80 0.5 g/L.[结论]优化后的乳酸菌增菌培养基使活菌密度显著提高,达到制备乳酸菌菌剂需求.     

黄绿木霉菌菌株产几丁质酶发酵条件的研究

[目的]研究黄绿木霉菌(Trichoderma aureoviride sp.)产几丁质酶的最佳发酵条件,为几丁质酶工业提供新酶源.[方法]采用正交试验设计,以DNS法测定酶解后糖含量变化为指标,对发酵务件进行优化.[结果]在以2%胶体几丁质为碳源、2%蛋白胨为氯源、摇床转速为170 r/min时,黄绿木霉菌产几丁质酶的最佳发酵条件组合:培养基的初始pH为5,接种量为8%,瓶装量为20 ml,在28℃下培养6 d.[结论]试验确定了黄绿木霉菌产几丁质酶最佳条件,为其在工业生产中的应用奠定了基础.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

Comparison of the results of surgical and conservative treatment of fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia

In this paper is treated the fundamental problematic of the fracture of the diaphysis of the tibia and the therapeutic results after the conservative and operative treatment are confronted. Among 518 patients with 433 open fractures and 35 with closed fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia, successful treatment of more 2/3 was obtained in the period from 1968 to 1972. Following our casuistics and literature, whose results are similar, we find out that the average total treatment of the osteosynthesis of the fracture of the diaphysis was shortened for 2,5 months depending upon the type and the localisation of the fracture. Apolied methods of the operative and conservative and conservative treatment in relation to the velocity of the medical cure as well as to the extreme anatomical-functional results are analised. We noticed that osteosynthesis, made by the intermedullary nail and the extension of the canals or by a small AO table, by the achieved stability makes conditions of immediate motions and an early rehabilitation. Because of that it gives the best functional results.     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

参与式农业基地建设行动方案设计

为了编制实用性强的基地建设行动方案,首先,确定参与式发展的主体,搭建一个"决策框架";其次,针对行动目标,提出不同参与主体,如管理者、农民、消费者等团队与个人的目标及行动内容;最后,工作应向重塑伙伴式合作关系,挖掘农民自我发展潜力,完成三大角色的转换,打造农业基地文化等方向推进.