基于粒子滤波算法的DS-CDMA多用户检测

粒子滤波算法是一种基于贝叶斯估计的蒙特卡罗方法,尤其适用于处理非线性、非高斯系统的状态估计问题。该算法应用于DS-CDMA系统的多用户检测中,检测器能在检测性能和计算复杂度之间取得很好的平衡。基于粒子滤波算法的多用户检测器在性能上逼近于最优多用户检测器,而计算复杂度远低于最优多用户检测器,与次优多用户检测器相当。利用白化匹配滤波器的输出可以建立同步DS-CDMA系统的状态空间方程,使得粒子滤波算法应用于多用户检测中。仿真实例证明了基于粒子滤波算法的多用户检测器在等功率和远近效应的情况下的性能优势。     

基于子空间跟踪算法的盲多用户检测技术研究

本文提出一种基于压缩投影逼近子空间跟踪(PASTd)算法与Kalman滤波算法相结合的盲自适应多用户检测算法.基于本算法,仅使用期望用户的特征波形和定时信息,多用户检测器可以盲获得.仿真实验表明,在多径非频率选择性衰落信道和用户数目变化的动态环境中,本文提出的盲多用户检测算法虽然在计算量上较LMS算法略为提高,但其收敛性能却优于后者,与RLS算法和Kalman滤波算法相比,本文提出的算法具有更低的计算复杂度和更优的收敛性能.     

杂波背景下基于概率假设密度的辅助粒子滤波检测前跟踪改进算法

在杂波背景条件下,现有的基于概率假设密度(PHD)滤波的粒子滤波检测前跟踪(TBD)算法,存在对密集多目标数目估计不准,使用粒子数目较多会造成维数灾难的问题。因此,该文引入两层粒子的概念,将基于平行分割(PP)理论的辅助粒子滤波(APF)应用于基于概率假设密度的检测前跟踪 (PHD-TBD)算法中,提出基于概率假设密度滤波的平行分割辅助粒子滤波检测前跟踪(APP-PF-PHD-TBD)算法以提高目标数目及状态估计精度。仿真实验证明,相对于现有基于PHD的粒子滤波检测前跟踪算法,该算法在目标数目和状态估计精度上具有显著的性能优势,在密集目标场景下,优势尤为突出。最后,利用导航雷达实测所得海杂波背景数据证明,该算法在应用中性能更加优异。      

基于Kalman滤波的盲多用户检测算法

盲多用户检测技术是第三代移动通信的关键技术,本文仿真分析了DS-CDMA通信系统中盲多用户检测的Kalman滤波算法的性能.并且将子空间算法和Kalman滤波算法进行结合,使得盲多用户检测的Kalman滤波算法的计算量大大降低.     

一种新的CMA盲多用户检测算法

该文提出了一种新的盲自适应多用户检测算法,这种算法的计算复杂度为O(NL),其中N为扩频因子,L为取样数据窗长度。仿真分析表明,该文提出的算法稳态性能好,收敛速度特别快,且能适应环境的变化,是一种较好的多用户检测算法。     

非线性卫星信道下的粒子滤波盲均衡方法

针对卫星信道中高功率放大器产生非线性失真的问题,本文提出了一种基于粒子滤波技术的盲均衡法。该算法优势在于不需要对非线性信道线性化处理,而是利用带权值的离散随机样本点来对期望分布进行近似,通过将非线性模型建模成状态空间模型,对信道参数进行跟踪和符号序列估计。仿真结果表明,算法实现了对放大器非线性幅度和相位特性的粒子滤波估计,并对符号序列进行了盲恢复,在误比特率为 较截断Volterra均衡有1.5 dB左右的性能增益;通过增加粒子数目和平滑长度能一定程度上提高算法性能,但在复杂度与性能折中考虑下,不能无限增加粒子数目。      

基于拟生态优化算法的CDMA多用户检测方法

拟生态优化算法是一类模拟自然生态系统运行机制,求解复杂优化问题的智能计算方法,其中的蚁群算法和粒子群算法是较新出现的两种具有不同特点的方法。该文研究基本蚁群算法和离散粒子群算法,并结合CDMA多用户检测问题,改变算法的搜索机制,提出两种CDMA多用户检测的方法。从理论分析以及实验仿真的角度对比两种方法,表明两种方法的计算复杂度低且可以得到较好误码率性能,同时又各有特点。     

WCDMA系统中长码签名序列盲检测和定时盲估计

推导了一种新的解决WCDMA系统长码签名序列盲检测和定时信息联合盲估计的算法.根据已知发送符号,利用长码生成式和WCDMA系统定时关系建立动态方程,给出了以观测量为条件,估计和检测状态量的联合后验概率的表达式,然后选取重要性函数和推导重要性函数的递推公式,使用建议的Rao-Blackwellised粒子滤波算法,结合长码序列的游程特性,实现长码签名序列检测和定时信息估计.Rao-Blackwellised粒子滤波算法复杂度比最大似然算法明显降低,仿真结果表明在有色噪声下获得了与最大似然算法相近的检测性能,定时信息的估计值收敛快,误差小.     

异步DS-CDMA盲多用户检测

该文研究了频率选择性瑞利衰落信道中的异步DS-CDMA系统盲多用户检测。提出一种期望信号矢量估计方法,该方法同时利用了多径传播和接收机同步失调的特性,以利于把盲线性滤波优化技术应用于稳健的干扰抑制。为了抑制多址干扰(MAI),提出一种基于投影的辅助矢量(PAV)算法。该算法计算复杂度低,特别适用于短数据采样时滤波矢量的快速优化,仿真结果表明在低输入信号干扰噪声比(SINR)时能提供有效的干扰抑制,在高输入SINR时具有稳健的性能。     

实现单通道MPSK信号盲分离的MCMC新算法

本文根据单通道接收两路MPSK混合信号在过采样下的基本模型,针对粒子滤波算法在单通道信号盲分离中的性能瓶颈以及高复杂度问题,提出了基于MCMC方法的新算法。该算法对接收信号进行过采样处理,能够利用更多的波形信息,从而有效抑制噪声的影响。新算法利用Gibbs采样估计MPSK调制符号的后验概率,近似实现了贝叶斯最优估计,并利用最小二乘法实现参数的迭代估计。理论分析与仿真实验表明,相对粒子滤波算法,本文提出的新算法在误码率性能以及复杂度方面具有良好的表现。      

多径衰落信道下的一种盲多用户检测方法

多径衰落信道下的盲自适应多用户检测算法的运算复杂度通常都比较大,提出了一种基于MSWF和CMA的盲自适应多用户检测方法,该方法避免了矩阵求逆和信道估计运算,具有相对较小的运算复杂度。通过模拟实验比较了几种算法的误码率性能,结果表明,所提方法具有明显的优势。     

A Low Complexity and Effective Rapid Channel Tracking Scheme for UWB Multiple-Access Systems

In this paper, the applicability of the subspace-based blind adaptive algorithm in multiple access ultra-wideband systems is investigated. However, in the multiuser transmission environment, multiple access interference becomes a serious issue and results in the degradation of system performance. In order to overcome this shortcoming, we propose a novel and low complexity decision mechanism, termed the decision timing instant (DTI). A major advantage of the DTI algorithm is that it admits an adaptive implementation with low computational complexity instead of singular value decomposition. In the present paper, we exploit the joint blind multiuser detection in UWB systems, a combined scheme is proposed, which couples the minimum-mean-square-error and the DTI subspace tracking algorithm under UWB time-variant channels. Simulation results show that DTI is able to fast and precisely trace the variation of the channel environment and to improve the performance of the blind adaptive multiuser detection with a subspace approach over time-varying channels.     

Minimum probability of error-based methods for adaptive multiuser detection in multipath DS-CDMA channels

Direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (DS-CDMA) is a popular multiple-access technology for wireless communications. However, its performance is limited by multiple-access interference and multipath distortion. Multiuser detection and space-time processing are two signal processing techniques employed to improve the performance of DS-CDMA. Two minimum probability of error-based space-time multiuser detection algorithms are proposed in this paper. The first algorithm, minimum joint probability of error (MJPOE), aims to minimize the joint probability of error for all users. The second algorithm, minimum conditional probability of error (MCPOE), minimizes the probability of error of each user conditioned on the transmitted bit vector, for each user individually. In both the algorithms, the optimal filter weights are computed adaptively using a gradient descent approach. The MJPOE algorithm is blind and offers a bit-error-rate (BER) performance better than the nonadaptive minimum mean squared error (MMSE) algorithm, at the cost of higher computational complexity. An approach for reducing the computational overheads of MJPOE using Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization is suggested. The BER performance of the MCPOE algorithm is slightly inferior to MMSE, however, it has a computational complexity linear in the number of users. Both blind and training-based implementations for MCPOE are proposed. Both MJPOE and MCPOE have a convergence rate much faster than earlier known adaptive implementations of the MMSE detector, viz. least mean square and recursive least squares. Simulation results are presented for synchronous single path channels as well as asynchronous multipath channels, with multiple antennas employed at the receiver.     

基于IPSO-ICA算法的盲多用户检测

为了有效抑制CDMA通信系统中的多址干扰,提出了一种将新改进的粒子群(IPSO)算法应用到基于独立分量分析(ICA)的盲多用户检测中的方法.首先在IPSO算法中,使用自适应非线性递减惯性权重w降低早熟概率,利用拉伸技术打破早熟现象,从而使最优解更加精确.然后将IPSO算法融合到ICA算法中,得到IPSO-ICA算法来进行盲多用户检测.最后仿真结果表明,在相同通信环境下,该盲多用户检测比已有的基于FastICA和PSO-ICA算法的盲多用户检测的误码率更小,收敛速度更快.     

Blind multiuser detection: a subspace approach

A new multiuser detection scheme based on signal subspace estimation is proposed. It is shown that under this scheme, both the decorrelating detector and the linear minimum-mean-square-error (MMSE) detector can be obtained blindly, i.e., they can be estimated from the received signal with the prior knowledge of only the signature waveform and timing of the user of interest. The consistency and asymptotic variance of the estimates of the two linear detectors are examined. A blind adaptive implementation based on a signal subspace tracking algorithm is also developed. It is seen that compared with the previous minimum-output-energy blind adaptive multiuser detector, the proposed subspace-based blind adaptive detector offers lower computational complexity, better performance, and robustness against signature waveform mismatch. Two extensions are made within the framework of signal subspace estimation. First, a blind adaptive method is developed for estimating the effective user signature waveform in the multipath channel. Secondly, a multiuser detection scheme using spatial diversity in the form of an antenna array is considered. A blind adaptive technique for estimating the array response for diversity combining is proposed. It is seen that under the proposed subspace approach, blind adaptive channel estimation and blind adaptive array response estimation can be integrated with blind adaptive multiuser detection, with little attendant increase in complexity     

Electromagnetism‐like method tuned constant modulus algorithm for blind detector in multicarrier CDMA system

This paper presents an efficient meta‐heuristic algorithm based on electromagnetism‐like method, which has been successfully implemented in multiuser detection problems. The contribution revisits blind multiuser detection for multicarrier code division multiple access systems using a novel combined adaptive step‐size constant modulus algorithm (CMA) and electromagnetism‐like method scheme. To work around potentially computational intractability and improved the capability of suppressing multiple access interference (MAI) for Multicarrier CDMA System, the proposed scheme exploits heuristics in consideration of both global and local exploration of the step size of the CMA. Simulation results obtained confirm that faster convergence and desirable BER performance with low computational complexity can be achieved with electromagnetism‐like method based CMA scheme, compared with the previous step‐size CMA scheme, genetic algorithm, and particle swarm optimization with CMA scheme. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A Multiuser Detection Receiver Using Blind Antenna Array and Adaptive Parallel Interference Cancellation

In this paper, the problem of multiuser detection for synchronous code division multiple access systems in both additive white Gaussian noise and multipath channels is addressed. A new multiuser detection receiver that uses an adaptive blind array along with an adaptive parallel interference canceler is proposed. The replacement of a conventional antenna array with a two-dimensional RAKE receiver is also considered for frequency selective Rayleigh fading channels. By using a constrained optimization criterion along with the gradient-projection algorithm, a blind algorithm for the adaptation of the array response vector is proposed. The new algorithm is superior to a few typical blind algorithms in the literature in terms of both performance and computational complexity. The proposed receiver has the ability to cancel very strong multiple access interference coming from the same direction as the desired signal. Simulation results are presented to show the excellent performance of the proposed combination scheme in comparison to that of using either a multiuser detection or adaptive antenna arrays in a severe near-far situation.     

基于LMK准则的盲自适应多用户检测器

 本文提出了一种加性高斯白噪声(AWGN)信道下,同步直扩码分多址(DS/CDMA)系统的基于LMK(最小平均峰度,Least Mean Kurtosis)准则的线性盲自适应多用户检测器.这种检测器的算法是一种具有较低计算量的基于高阶统计量的算法.分析证明了这种检测器的算法的收敛性和可以实现多用户信号的盲解相关.并对基于该准则的线性盲自适应检测器和基于LMS(最小均方,Least Mean Square)准则的检测器的收敛性能进行了仿真比较.