骨形态发生蛋白-2对股骨头坏死大鼠模型的愈合作用

正骨形态发生蛋白(bone morphologenetic protein,BMP)是转化生长因子β超家族的成员,可诱导原始间质细胞向骨与软骨趋化、增殖、分化。正常的BMP含量是维持骨的结构和功能的重要条件之一,BMP在体内诱导成骨的作用,已被REN等[1]证实。骨形态发生蛋白-2(BMP-2)为BMP家族中的重要成员。本文通过检测股骨头坏死模型大鼠阶段性病症,观察BMP-2在骨形成、骨愈合及治疗骨缺损中的作用,为股骨头坏死的治疗提供了新思路。     

国产生物膜与骨粉在种植体周骨缺损中的临床应用

目的观察评估国产BME-10X医用胶原膜与骨又生在引导骨组织再生修复种植床骨缺损的临床效果。方法选择种植区牙槽骨存在骨缺损的15例患者共计22枚种植体。植入种植体后在骨缺损处植入国产骨又生骨粉及国产BME-10X医用胶原膜覆盖。术后,Ⅱ期手术前进行口腔临床检查和X线检查。Ⅱ期手术后进行瓷全冠修复。结果2枚种植体覆盖粘膜少许裂开,1枚种植体缺损处新生骨组织较少,其余均有较多的新骨生成。结论国产BME-10X生物膜及骨又生骨粉可以引导骨组织再生,临床效果较好。     

生物膜材料在口腔种植中的应用

探讨口腔种植中生物膜材料的应用。试验分为生物膜组、钛膜组，各25例（50颗牙），研究2个组患者的骨生长效果、修复效果、不良反应发生情况、满意度。结果表明：两组患者修复后1周、3个月和6个月的植骨厚度、植骨密度、成骨厚度均逐渐升高（P<0.05）；生物膜组患者的植骨厚度、植骨密度、成骨厚度均高于钛膜组（P<0.05），修复成功率100.00%高于钛膜组80.00%，修复失败率0低于钛膜组20.00%(P<0.05)，不良反应发生率4.00%低于钛膜组30.00%(P<0.05)，满意度96.00%高于钛膜组68.00%(P<0.05)。说明口腔种植中生物膜材料的效果较钛膜材料好，能有效提升患者植骨厚度、植骨密度、成骨厚度，提升患者修复效果。     

骨形态发生蛋白9-2双表达定向诱导多潜能干细胞C3H10的成骨分化

目的探讨骨形态发生蛋白(Bone morphogenetic protein,BMP)9-2双表达定向诱导多潜能干细胞C3H10向成骨细胞分化的情况。方法将C3H10细胞分为4组:BMP9-2、BMP2、BMP9和GFP组,将4种重组腺病毒分别感染C3H10细胞,通过碱性磷酸酶(Alkaline phosphatase,ALP)染色、定量测定及钙茜素红染色,观察BMP9-2双表达对C3H10细胞成骨分化的定向诱导作用。结果 BMP9-2双表达能诱导C3H10细胞ALP的表达,其染色活性高于BMP2组1.6倍,BMP9组2.5倍,GFP组4倍;其BMP9-2双表达定量表达A520值在病毒感染后5、7、9 d均高于BMP2、BMP9和GFP组;BMP9-2双表达能诱导C3H10细胞钙盐的沉积,感染14 d后,钙茜素红染色可见钙化结节,其染色活性高于BMP2组1.4倍,BMP9组1.3倍,GFP组5.2倍。结论 BMP9-2双表达能定向诱导C3H10细胞成骨分化,其成骨活性强于单一成骨诱导因子BMP2和BMP9。     

介孔生物玻璃复合支架及其骨组织修复应用

介孔生物玻璃 (Mesoporous Bioglass, MBG) 支架由于高的比表面积和介孔结构而 具有优异的成骨活性、生物降解性以及局部药物递送功能。MBG 支架可提供细胞增殖/生长、 细胞外基质沉积、营养物质获取的场所，引导新骨生长而修复骨缺损。然而，纯 MBG 支架的 力学强度低、脆性大而使其应用于骨缺损修复受到限制。将 MBG 结合生物高分子或其他生物 陶瓷制备 MBG 复合支架成为解决上述问题的有效策略之一。本文将基于 MBG 复合支架的骨组 织修复应用背景，简单介绍 MBG 复合支架的制备方法，系统总结 MBG 复合支架在骨组织修复 领域中的应用，最后对 MBG 复合支架的发展前景与挑战进行展望。     

β-catenin对骨形态发生蛋白9诱导间充质干细胞成骨分化的影响

目的探讨经典Wnt信号通路关键节点β-catenin对骨形态发生蛋白9(bone morphogenetic protein 9,BMP9)诱导间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)成骨分化的影响。方法用重组腺病毒介导BMP9在C3H10T1/2细胞中过表达,联用β-catenin重组腺病毒上调β-catenin的表达,并通过RNA干扰抑制β-catenin的表达。分析C3H10T1/2细胞碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP)活性的变化;RT-PCR检测细胞成骨分化相关基因骨桥蛋白(osteopontin,OPN)和骨钙蛋白(osteocalcin,OC)基因mRNA的转录水平;茜素红S染色检测细胞的钙盐沉积。结果 BMP9单独作用能诱导C3H10T1/2细胞向成骨方向分化,并增强细胞ALP活性;单独的β-catenin无成骨诱导作用,但可剂量依赖性地增强BMP9诱导的C3H10T1/2细胞的ALP活性,并促进BMP9诱导的细胞OPN和OC基因mRNA的转录水平及钙盐沉积;抑制β-catenin表达可显著降低BMP9诱导的C3H1OT1/2细胞的ALP活性(P0.05),下调OPN和OC基因mRNA的转录水平,并抑制钙盐沉积。结论经典Wnt信号通路可能通过β-catenin协同BMP9诱导C3H10T1/2细胞成骨分化,且BMP9诱导的成骨分化可能需要通过Wnt/β-catenin途径来实现。     

骨形态发生蛋白9对人乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞溶骨性骨转移的抑制作用

目的探讨骨形态发生蛋白9(bone morphogenetic proteins 9,BMP9)对人乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞溶骨性骨转移的抑制作用及其可能的机制。方法将人乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞分为试验组(感染BMP9腺病毒)、空白对照组(未感染)及GFP对照组(感染GFP腺病毒),RT-PCR法检测各组细胞中骨保护素(osteoprotegerin,OPG)基因mRNA的转录水平,Western blot法分别检测各组细胞中BMP9及OPG蛋白的表达水平。将BALB/c裸鼠分为空白对照组(注射空白对照细胞)、GFP对照组(注射GFP对照组细胞)及试验组(注射试验组细胞),每组5只,均经胫骨贴骨注射,1×106个/(0.3μl·只),X片成像技术分析各组裸鼠溶骨区域变化,免疫组化法检测各组裸鼠瘤体组织中OPG蛋白的表达。结果试验组MDA-MB-231细胞中OPG基因mRNA的转录水平及蛋白的表达水平均明显高于空白对照组和GFP对照组(P0.05),仅试验组细胞中有BMP9的表达。试验组裸鼠胫骨瘤体直径及溶骨区域均明显小于GFP对照组和空白对照组(P0.05),试验组裸鼠瘤体组织中OPG的表达量明显高于GFP对照组(P0.05)。结论BMP9可抑制MDA-MB-231细胞溶骨性骨转移,可能是通过上调OPG/RANKL/RANK系统中OPG的表达而发挥作用。本实验为探讨BMP9在肿瘤骨转移微环境中的作用机制奠定了基础。     

cAMP-PKA-CREB信号通路在骨形态发生蛋白9诱导小鼠间充质干细胞成骨分化中的作用

目的探讨cAMP-PKA-CREB信号通路在骨形态发生蛋白9(bone morphogenetic protein 9,BMP9)诱导小鼠间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)C3H10T1/2成骨分化过程中的作用及其机制。方法将C3H10T1/2细胞分别加入不同浓度的cAMP-PKA-CREB信号通路抑制剂H89(1、2.5、5和10μmol/L),检测其对碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP)活性的影响;通过ALP定量和钙盐沉积试验分别检测H89对BMP9诱导C3H10T1/2细胞早期和晚期成骨分化的影响;经Western blot法检测H89对C3H10T1/2细胞中磷酸化CREB、骨钙素(Osteocalcin,OCN)和成骨关键转录因子Runx2表达水平的影响;通过Wentern blot及荧光素酶活性的检测,观察H89对经典信号通路BMPs-smad1/5/8的影响。结果随着H89浓度的增加,对BMP9诱导的C3H10T1/2细胞ALP的抑制作用明显增强(P0.05),且呈剂量依赖性;ALP定量和钙盐沉积试验结果表明,H89可明显抑制BMP9诱导的C3H10T1/2细胞早期及晚期成骨分化;H89可显著抑制BMP9诱导的C3H10T1/2细胞中磷酸化CREB、OCN及Runx2蛋白的表达(P0.05),与AdBMP9组比较,H89对经典BMPs-smad1/5/8信号通路无明显影响(P0.05)。结论阻断cAMP-PKA-CREB信号通路可抑制BMP9诱导的MSCs C3H10T1/2的成骨分化,为BMP9的临床应用奠定了理论基础。     

间充质干细胞及基因转移方法促进新骨生成和大节段骨缺损的修复

目的构建含人骨形态蛋白-2(BMP-2)基因的重组腺病毒,并转染入间充质干细胞,诱导其向骨细胞分化,从而生成新骨并修复骨缺损。方法用重组腺病毒作为载体,将人BMP-2基因转染入小鼠胚胎间充质干细胞,Western blot检测BMP-2蛋白的分泌表达。观察重组腺病毒Adv-BMP-2转染后小鼠间充质干细胞的增殖变化,并进行碱性磷酸酶活性、钙化结节形成和细胞中成骨相关蛋白mRNA转录水平等细胞分化的指征检定。将Adv-BMP-2转染后的小鼠间充质干细胞注入裸鼠右侧大腿四头肌内,观察新骨生成情况。将重组腺病毒Adv-BMP-2转染的大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞用于大鼠大节段骨缺损的修复,并对植入的骨髓间充质干细胞进行跟踪观察。结果Western blot分析表明,重组腺病毒Adv-BMP-2转染的细胞可分泌表达BMP-2蛋白。转染后的小鼠间充质干细胞的增殖速度与重组腺病毒Adv-BMP-2的转染量呈剂量相关。Adv-BMP-2转染的干细胞碱性磷酸酶上升,并在体外形成钙结节,同时,成骨相关蛋白Osteopontin、Osteocalcin、Bone sialoprotein及Collagenα1(I)的mRNA水平也上升。用Adv-BMP-2转染的间充质干细胞能在裸鼠的大腿肌肉内形成发育成熟的新骨,转染的自体性骨髓间充质干细胞能有效修复大鼠大节段股骨缺损。在免疫抑制剂FK506的支持下,Adv-BMP-2转染的同种异体骨髓间充质干细胞也能修复大鼠的大节段骨缺损。没有FK506支持下的Adv-BMP-2转染的同种异体骨髓间充质干细胞及重组腺病毒Adv-β-gal转染的骨髓间充质干细胞则不能在体内形成新骨。植入骨缺损部位的骨髓间充质干细胞能直接参与骨缺损的修复,且有向全身其他组织器官迁移的趋势,但生存期较短。结论用腺病毒介导的BMP-2基因转染入间充质干细胞能有效诱导干细胞向骨细胞分化,生成新骨并修复骨缺损。     

新型骨水泥粘接固定骨折的动物实验研究

目的 应用磷酸镁骨水泥(magneslium phosphate cement,MPC)粘接固定家兔胫骨平台骨折,探讨其治疗效果、粘接和降解机理.方法 20只家兔分为两组.第1组15只,第2组5只,通过开放截骨法建立家免双侧胫骨平台骨折模型.第1组实验组用MPC骨水泥固定,对照组用"L"形钢板固定.第2组实验组也同样用MPC骨水泥固定,而对照组作空白对照.通过大体观察、影像学、组织学及电解质检查,探讨MPC骨水泥治疗骨折的效果、对体内电解质的影响、粘接和降解机理.结果 6周后实验组都获得稳定的骨折愈合,没有发现骨折错位及延迟愈合,MPC骨水泥逐渐被吸收,对体内电解质无明显影响,其对骨折的治疗和钢板固定组达到同样的治疗效果.而空白对照侧均出现骨折错位、畸形愈合.通过对标本的组织学检查发现其粘接机理为镶嵌固定,并通过溶解而逐步降解.结论 MPC骨水泥具有一定的粘接强度,能降解,对体内电解质干扰小,是一种较为理想的骨水泥,可以用于骨折的粘接固定.     

Bone Regeneration of a 3D-Printed Alloplastic and Particulate Xenogenic Graft with rhBMP-2

This study aimed to evaluate the bone regeneration capacity of a customized alloplastic material and xenograft with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). We prepared hydroxyapatite (HA)/tricalcium phosphate (TCP) pure ceramic bone blocks made using a 3D printing system and added rhBMP-2 to both materials. In eight beagle dogs, a total of 32 defects were created on the lower jaws. The defective sites of the negative control group were left untreated (N group; 8 defects), and those in the positive control group were filled with particle-type Bio-Oss (P group; 12 defects). The defect sites in the experimental group were filled with 3D-printed synthetic bone blocks (3D group; 12 defects). Radiographic and histological evaluations were performed after healing periods of 6 and 12 weeks and showed no significant difference in new bone formation and total bone between the P and 3D groups. The 3D-printed custom HA/TCP graft with rhBMP-2 showed bone regeneration effects similar to that of particulate Bio-Oss with rhBMP-2. Through further study and development, the application of 3D-printed customized alloplastic grafts will be extended to various fields of bone regeneration.     

STAT3过度表达和激活对骨髓间充质干细胞瘤样转化的作用

目的探讨在体外模拟的肿瘤微环境中,骨髓间充质干细胞(Mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)中STAT3的过度表达和激活对其恶性转变的影响。方法通过MSCs分别与C6胶质瘤及星型胶质细胞间接共培养,模拟MSCs生长的肿瘤微环境,实验设实验组、阳性和阴性及空白对照组,MTT法检测各组细胞的增殖情况;RT-QPCR检测各组细胞中STAT3、CyclinD1及BCL-xl基因mRNA的表达水平;Western blot检测各组细胞中STAT3、P-STAT3、CyclinD及BCL-xl的蛋白表达水平;病理HE染色检测各组细胞注入裸鼠皮下成瘤情况。结果实验组MSCs生长接触抑制明显减弱,增殖活性增高;实验组STAT3、CyclinD1及BCL-xl基因mRNA的表达水平均明显高于阴性对照组和空白对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),与阳性对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);实验组STAT3、P-STAT3、CyclinD1及BCL-xl的蛋白表达水平明显高于阴性对照组和空白对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),与阳性对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);HE染色结果显示,实验组与阳性对照组细胞深染,聚集明显,排列不规则,细胞核大深染,瘤内有大量新生血管增生,可见组织坏死。结论 STAT3及P-STAT3的过度表达和激活,可能是造成MSCs在肿瘤微环中恶性转变的重要原因之一。     

牛磺酸对新生大鼠心肌成纤维细胞一氧化氮系统的影响

目的观察牛磺酸(Taurine,Tau)在血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngiotensinⅡ,AngⅡ)诱导新生大鼠心肌成纤维细胞(Cardiac fibroblast,CFb)增殖的过程中对诱导型一氧化氮合酶-一氧化氮(iN0S-NO)系统的影响,以揭示Tau抑制CFb增殖的初步机制。方法胰酶消化法分离培养新生大鼠CFb,用AngⅡ诱导促进其增殖,采用MTT法检测细胞增殖;羟脯氨酸试剂盒检测胶原含量;ELISA法测定转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)蛋白的含量;流式细胞仪检测细胞周期;硝酸还原酶法、分光光度法和免疫荧光法检测CFb NO含量、一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)活性和iNOS蛋白的表达。结果Tau(40、80和160mmol/L)可抑制AngⅡ诱导的CFb增殖、胶原合成增加及TGF-β1蛋白含量增多,同时使细胞G0/G1期百分率增加,S期细胞百分率降低,并明显提高CFb NO含量、iNOS的活性及iNOS蛋白的表达量,且呈现剂量依赖性。结论牛磺酸通过提高CFbiNOS-NO系统的活性,拮抗AngⅡ的部分生物效应,致使CFb的增殖和胶原合成受到抑制。     

Bone Regeneration in rat using a gelatin/bioactive glass nanocomposite scaffold along with endothelial cells (HUVECs)

In our previous study, a three‐dimensional gelatin/bioactive glass nanocomposite scaffold with a total porosity of about 85% and pore sizes ranging from 200 to 500 μm was prepared through layer solvent casting combined with lamination technique. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro biocompatibility and in vivo bone regeneration potential of these scaffolds with and without endothelial cells when implanted into a critical‐sized rat calvarial defect. MTT assay, SEM observation, and DAPI staining were used to evaluate cell viability and adhesion in macroporous scaffolds and results demonstrated that the scaffolds were biocompatible enough to support cell attachment and proliferation. To investigate the in vivo osteogenesis of the scaffold, blank scaffolds and endothelial/scaffold constructs were implanted in critical‐sized defects, whereas in control group defects were left untreated. Bone regeneration and vascularization were evaluated at 1, 4, and 12 weeks postsurgery by histological, immunohistochemical, and histomorphometric analysis. It was shown that both groups facilitated bone growth into the defect area but improved bone regeneration was seen with the incorporation of endothelial cells. The data showed that the porous Gel/BaG nanocomposite scaffolds could well support new bone formation, indicating that the proposed strategy is a promising alternative for tissue‐engineered bone defects.     

重组人骨形态发生蛋白-7活性检测方法的建立

目的建立一种新的重组人骨形态发生蛋白-7(Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-7,rhBMP-7)活性检测方法。方法将吸收性明胶海绵与rhBMP-7混匀,冻干,环氧乙烷灭菌后,植入小鼠大腿股部肌间隙,共设5组:明胶海绵对照组及50、100、150、250μg rhBMP-7/块明胶海绵实验组,分别于术后第2、3周取材,进行HE染色及蛋白含量测定。结果 HE染色结果显示,与明胶海绵对照组相比,rhBMP-7/明胶海绵组细胞数量明显增多,且随着rhBMP-7剂量的增加及作用时间的延长而逐渐增多。蛋白含量测定结果显示,与明胶海绵对照组相比,rhBMP-7/明胶海绵组蛋白含量随着rhBMP-7剂量的增加及作用时间的延长而逐渐增加,且rhBMP-7剂量与每组蛋白含量平均值呈良好的相关性。结论将rhBMP-7复合明胶海绵植入小鼠大腿肌间隙并于第2周取材进行蛋白含量测定的方法,可用于rhBMP-7活性检测。     

Immunohistochemical Evaluation of Periodontal Regeneration Using a Porous Collagen Scaffold

(1) Aim: To immunohistochemically evaluate the effect of a volume-stable collagen scaffold (VCMX) on periodontal regeneration. (2) Methods: In eight beagle dogs, acute two-wall intrabony defects were treated with open flap debridement either with VCMX (test) or without (control). After 12 weeks, eight defects out of four animals were processed for paraffin histology and immunohistochemistry. (3) Results: All defects (four test + four control) revealed periodontal regeneration with cementum and bone formation. VCMX remnants were integrated in bone, periodontal ligament (PDL), and cementum. No differences in immunohistochemical labeling patterns were observed between test and control sites. New bone and cementum were labeled for bone sialoprotein, while the regenerated PDL was labeled for periostin and collagen type 1. Cytokeratin-positive epithelial cell rests of Malassez were detected in 50% of the defects. The regenerated PDL demonstrated a larger blood vessel area at the test (14.48% ± 3.52%) than at control sites (8.04% ± 1.85%, p = 0.0007). The number of blood vessels was higher in the regenerated PDL (test + control) compared to the pristine one (p = 0.012). The cell proliferative index was not statistically significantly different in pristine and regenerated PDL. (4) Conclusions: The data suggest a positive effect of VCMX on angiogenesis and an equally high cell turnover in the regenerated and pristine PDL. This VCMX supported periodontal regeneration in intrabony defects.     

慢病毒介导的人乳头瘤病毒16型E6基因shRNA对荷瘤裸鼠宫颈癌生长的抑制作用

目的探讨慢病毒介导的人乳头瘤病毒(Human papilloma virus,HPV)16型E6基因shRNA在体内对荷瘤裸鼠宫颈癌生长的抑制作用。方法将BALB/c-nu裸鼠随机分为空白对照组、干扰组和无义干扰组,经皮下接种宫颈癌Caski细胞(2×106个),移植瘤直径达0.5 cm时,空白对照组于瘤体局部注射PBS,干扰组和无义干扰组分别于瘤体局部注射靶向HPV16型E6基因的shRNA-PLL3.7干扰慢病毒和无义干扰慢病毒(3×108TU/ml),2周后检测瘤体大小和重量的变化,采用免疫组化法检测肿瘤组织中HPV16型E6、P53和P21蛋白的表达。结果与无义干扰组和空白对照组比较,干扰组裸鼠体内肿瘤明显缩小,瘤体重量明显降低(P<0.000 1),无义干扰组与空白对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干扰组肿瘤组织中HPV16型E6蛋白的表达被抑制,P53和P21蛋白的表达水平明显升高。结论慢病毒介导的HPV16型E6基因shRNA能有效抑制动物体内宫颈癌的生长,具有潜在的开发应用前景。     

Bone Repair Stimulation in Rat Mandible by New Chitosan Silver(I) Complexes

Two new chitosan silver(I) complexes, [Ag(2CS)(H₂O)(NO₃)] and [Ag(2CS)(ahmp)(H₂O)] (CS = chitosan, Hahmp = 4-amino-6-hydroxy-2-mercaptopyrimidine) were synthesized and characterized on the basis of elemental analysis, spectral (FT-IR and solid-state ¹³C-NMR), morphological (SEM, matrix analysis, XRD, and XRPE), and thermal measurements. Chitosan behaves as a neutral ligand, coordinates Ag(I) through half of amino nitrogen centers, with the pendant glucose amine hydroxy functionality playing no role in coordination, while 4-amino-6-hydroxy-2-mercaptopyrimidine functions as mononegative bidentate, chelating through the deprotonated cyclic nitrogen and thione sulfur atoms. [Ag(2CS)(ahmp)(H₂O)] displays a significant potential bone regenerator in rat mandible. Forty male rats were divided into two groups: bone defect (control) and bone defect with [Ag(2CS)(ahmp)(H₂O)] (treated). The bone defects were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and Masson's trichrome for histological analysis. The treated group shows faster and well organized bone formation in the defect in comparison to the control group which shows little new bone trabeculae and wide marrow cavities.     

南极磷虾对大鼠骨质疏松模型的影响

目的观察不同剂量南极磷虾粉及其与钙联合对骨质疏松模型大鼠的作用。方法将大鼠随机分为10组,即虾粉低、中、高剂量组、钙组、联合低、中、高剂量组、氟化钠组、假手术组、模型对照组,每组10只,通过切除双侧卵巢建立骨质疏松模型,假手术组仅切除卵巢附近部分脂肪组织。各实验组分别灌胃低、中、高剂量虾粉、钙、低、中、高剂量虾粉+钙、氟化钠,假手术组与模型对照组正常饮食。12周后,经腹动脉取血,分离血清,检测钙离子浓度及碱性磷酸酶(Alkaline phosphatase,ALP)活性;取股骨观察骨密度及生物力学差异,并检测骨灰分含量;取胫骨检测骨氟含量。结果虾粉低、中、高剂量组及联合低、中、高剂量组大鼠血钙浓度随虾粉剂量的增加逐渐降低,虾粉高剂量组与模型对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而联合低、中、高剂量组大鼠血钙浓度高于模型对照组;虾粉低、中、高剂量组ALP活性均高于模型对照组(P<0.05),且随着虾粉剂量的增加,ALP活性增强。联合低、中、高剂量组大鼠骨密度均高于模型对照组(P均<0.05),且优于低、中、高剂量虾粉组;与模型对照组相比,虾粉低剂量组及联合中、高剂量组均可明显增加骨最大力学载荷值(P均<0.05);与模型对照组相比,低、中、高剂量虾粉组随虾粉剂量增加骨氟含量增多,与钙联合应用后,降低了骨氟含量(P均<0.01),联合低、中、高剂量组与相同剂量的虾粉组相比,骨氟含量均降低;虾粉低、中、高剂量组与模型对照组相比,骨灰分含量升高(P均>0.05)。结论使用虾粉治疗骨质疏松时,低剂量效果最佳;若虾粉与钙联合治疗,中剂量虾粉加钙改善骨质疏松效果最佳。     

Recent trends in bone defect repair and bone tissue regeneration of the two-dimensional material MXene

Bone defects have attracted much attention for a long time and seriously affect the function of the motor system. At present, the application of biological materials and biological scaffolds implanted in the defect site to promote the healing of bone defects is the main treatment method for bone defect repair. In recent years, the emergence of two-dimensional materials has brought new opportunities for biological materials. As a two-dimensional nanomaterial based on ceramics, MXene has unique physical and chemical properties, such as electrical conductivity, hydrophilicity, and antibacterial and photothermal effects, which make it a very broad application prospect in bone defect biomaterials. This review will start from the pathophysiological changes of bone defects and intervention factors of bone defect repair, introduce in detail the preparation and modification methods, physical and chemical properties and biological characteristics of the two-dimensional material MXene, and review the application status and research progress of MXene in bone defect repair and bone tissue regeneration. This provides a reference for the further application of MXene in bone defect repair.