聚苯胺包覆炭黑的性能研究

本实验主要通过原位聚合方法,在苯胺的盐酸环境中,以炭黑和阳离子表面活性剂、阴离子表面活性剂为原料,过硫酸铵作为氧化剂,制备了炭黑/聚苯胺导电复合粒子,并对其性能测试进行了表征。在上一步的基础上,用阴离子表面活性剂(十二烷基苯磺酸钠)制备炭黑/聚苯胺导电复合粒子作为导电填料,分别以聚乙烯和聚乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物为基体,乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯为增塑剂,制成塑料电极板,然后进行性能测试。结果表明:聚苯胺为10%和15%时,塑料电极板具有较高的抗拉强度和较好的导电性。     

碳纳米管填料静电自组装制备及在导电塑料中的应用

为了提高碳纳米管(CNTs)在塑料中的分散性能,设计碳纳米管填料(CNTs Filler)。阳/非离子表面活性剂复配在水中分散CNTs,并赋予CNTs表面正电性。与表面负电性的炭黑或聚苯乙烯微球复合,通过静电吸附作用自组装形成均匀稳定的复合物,制备出CNTs Filler。对比了CNTs Filler、CNTs和炭黑在PS和ABS塑料中,经不同成型工艺的导电结果,证明了使用碳纳米管填料提高了碳纳米管在塑料中的分散性能,总结了碳纳米管相对炭黑作为塑料导电功能体适合压延成型加工。推荐碳纳米管用于导电片材、导电薄膜和高导电塑料等领域。     

盐酸掺杂聚苯胺/炭黑作填料的导电涂料制备及其防腐蚀性能研究

采用共混法,以盐酸掺杂聚苯胺(HCl PANI)和炭黑(CB)为混合导电填料,环氧树脂E-44和107胶为粘合剂制备了导电涂料,将其涂覆于Q235钢基片上制备了防腐蚀涂层。采用电化学、耐酸性和中性盐雾试验等手段评价了涂层的防腐蚀性能。实验结果表明:导电涂层附着力较好,具有良好的耐酸性和耐中性盐雾性能;在3.5%Na Cl水溶液中以盐酸掺杂聚苯胺/炭黑(HCl PANI/CB)为混合填料制备的涂层使裸钢的开路电位从-0.849 V正移至-0.482 V,说明涂层对钢基片具有良好的防腐蚀性。     

抗静电PVC-U复合材料的性能研究

将炭黑或石墨作为导电填料,制备了一系列PVC-U抗静电复合材料。研究了导电填料品种与用量及加工条件对PVC-U复合材料的导电性能、加工性能及力学性能的影响。结果表明:炭黑与石墨在PVC树脂中呈连续网络状不均匀分散;当炭黑含量低时,制品既具有良好的导电性能,又具有良好的熔体流动性。     

正基导电聚苯胺实现工业化

吉林正基科技开发有限责任公司已建成年产60t本征态聚苯胺和导电聚苯胺生产线、200t导电聚苯胺防腐涂料生产线、1000t导电聚苯胺抗静电材料生产线。导电聚苯胺已获得美国杜邦公司的质量认可，开始供应国内客户，并且出口国际市场。聚苯胺导电高分子材料，俗称导电塑料，具有优秀的物理化学和电化学性能，可用于制造结构型导电胶黏剂，还用作导静电的材料。     

炭黑填充EVA/LDPE体系发泡复合材料导电性能的研究

文章以乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯(EVA)和低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)为主基体,特导炭黑(HG-1P)和乙炔炭黑(ACET)为导电填料,偶氮二甲酰胺(AC)为发泡剂,过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)为交联剂,制备了EVA/LDPE/炭黑(CB)导电泡沫复合材料.研究了此复合材料的泡孔结构、阻温特性,并分析了炭黑质量含量、不同配比EVA/LDPE、发泡剂、交联剂对复合材料电性能的影响.结果发现特导HG-1P的导电性高于ACET,由其填充的聚合物导电性优于乙炔炭黑;随着LDPE在共混物中的含量增加,复合材料的NTC强度减弱.制备的导电泡沫具有比较理想的泡孔结构,经过升温电阻测试,EVA/LDPE/CB导电发泡复合材料具有良好的开关特性,呈现明显的NTC特性.确定了发泡剂及交联剂的合适用量,从而获得既具有良好的泡沫性能,又有良好NTC特性的导电泡沫材料.     

导电塑料的电阻率与压力关系研究

研究炭黑填充聚偏二氟乙烯导电塑料在使用环境压力变化时电阻率的变化规律。研究结果表明，当环境压力在０．１￣１２ＭＰａ变化时，塑料基体与填料炭黑同时发生弹性变形，对炭黑导电链影响不大，电阻率较稳定，该种导电塑料可以在压力有较大变化的环境下使用。     

炭黑填充聚偏二氟乙烯导电性研究

为获得具有较大电阻温度系数和良好热稳定性的导电塑料,研究了填充不同类型炭黑的聚偏二氟乙烯的导电性能。结果表明,填充高导电炭黑和高耐磨炭黑混合物的聚偏二氟乙烯电阻温度系数可达4.3×10~(-2)Ω·cm/℃,该导电塑料随聚偏二氟乙烯的结晶度提高,电阻率热稳定性提高。     

炭黑／碳化硅复合导电涂料的制备及导电性能研究

制备了一种以炭黑、碳化硅为混合填料的复合导电涂层。研究了炭黑／碳化硅混合填料复合涂层的导电性能,重点研究了混合填料和炭黑种类对涂料导电性能的影响。试验结果表明,混合填料能够明显改善涂层的导电性能,混合填料的炭黑含量在5％时出现渗透阈值,当炭黑含量为25％时电阻率降至10．59Ω·cm。     

低阻复合型导电聚丙烯的制备研究

使用聚丙烯(PP)、热塑性弹性体(POE)、炭黑、碳纤维熔融共混制备了导电复合材料。研究了导电填料含量对材料电阻率的影响和POE含量对材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:炭黑与碳纤维的复合应用能够获得低阻导电复合材料,POE可以有效地提高材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率。     

复合填料/聚丙烯酸酯导电压敏胶的制备与性能

针对导电胶黏剂（ECA）在实用中所遇到填料组分单一、易团聚、对基体力学性能影响较大等问题,本文利用不同组分填料间的架桥、插层等“协同”效应,将一定比例的碳黑（CB）、碳纤维（CF）、碳纳米管（CNTs）、纳米石墨微片（NanoG）复合作为导电填料加入到聚丙烯酸酯压敏胶（PSA）中,采用溶液共混法超声分散,得到填料添加量小、导电性能和力学性能良好的导电PSA。运用多种检测手段对导电PSA的电学性质、微观结构、热稳定性和力学性能进行了分析。结果表明,复合填料组成为CF 3%、NanoG 5%、CNTs 5%（均为质量分数）时,导电PSA的电导率达到3.0×10?2S/cm,180°剥离强度为0.38kN/m。     

Improvement in physical and electrical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel conductive polymer composites

With an aim to develop anti‐electrostatic discharge materials based on biodegradable polymers, poly(vinyl alcohol) films composited with two different conductive fillers (carbon black and aluminium) at various fillers contents (20?60%wt), were manufactured using solvent‐casting technique. The mechanical properties of such the films were investigated through tensile stress‐strain tests. Wettability and morphology of the composite films were performed by water contact angle measurement and SEM, respectively. Young's modulus of the composite films can be increased with the addition of conductive fillers. The surface of the composite films showed non‐homogeneous appearance, in which the phase boundary within the composites was clearly observed and the conductive fillers formed aggregation structure at high filler concentration. In addition, the composite films exhibited better hydrophobicity when higher conductive filler content was added. TGA results suggested that both carbon black and aluminum have proven their efficiency to enhance thermal stability of poly(vinyl alcohol). Investigation of cross‐cut adhesion performance of the prepared composite films revealed that carbon black‐filled composites exhibited excellent adhesion strength. The effect of conductive filler content on surface resistivity of the composite films was also examined. The experimental results confirmed that both the fillers used in this study can improve the electrical conductivity of poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel. The surface resistivity of the composite films was reduced by several orders of magnitude when the filler of its critical concentration was applied. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42234.     

Synergistic effect of carbon fillers in electrically conductive nylon 6,6 and polycarbonate based resins

The electrical conductivity of polymeric materials can be increased by the addition of carbon fillers, such as carbon fibers, carbon black, and synthetic graphite. The resulting composites could be used in applications such as electromagnetic and radio frequency interference shielding and electrostatic dissipation. A significant amount of work has been conducted varying the amount of single conductive fillers in a composite material. In contrast, very limited work has been conducted concerning the effect of combinations of various types of conductive fillers. In this study, three different carbon fillers were used: carbon black, synthetic graphite pareticles, and pitch based carbon fiber. Two different polymers were used: nylon 6,6 and polycarbonate. The goal of this project was to determine the effect of each filler and combinations of different fillers on the electrical conductivity of conductive resins. A 2³ factorial design was analyzed to determine the effects of the three different carbon fillers in nylon 6,6 and polycarbonate. The results showed that carbon black caused the largest increase in composite electrical conductivity. The factorial design analysis also showed that combinations of different carbon fillers do have a positive synergistic effect, thereby increasing the composite electrical conductivity.     

Synergistic effects of carbon fillers in electrically and thermally conductive liquid crystal polymer based resins

Adding conductive carbon fillers to insulating thermoplastic resins increases composite electrical and thermal conductivity. Often, as much of a single type of carbon filler is added to achieve the desired conductivity, while still allowing the material to be molded into a bipolar plate for a fuel cell. In this study, varying amounts of three different carbons (carbon black, synthetic graphite particles, and carbon fiber) were added to Vectra A950RX Liquid Crystal Polymer. The resulting single filler composites were tested for electrical resistivity (1/electrical conductivity) and thermal conductivity. In addition, the effects of single fillers and combinations of two different carbon fillers were studied via a factorial design. The results indicated that for the composites containing only single fillers, synthetic graphite, followed by carbon fiber, cause a statistically significant decrease in composite electrical resistivity. Composites containing only synthetic graphite, followed by carbon black, and then carbon fiber cause a statistically significant increase in thermal conductivity. For the combinations of two different fillers, the composites containing carbon black/synthetic graphite and synthetic graphite/carbon fiber had a statistically significant and positive effect on thermal conductivity. It is possible that thermally conductive pathways are formed that “link” these carbon fillers, which results in increased composite thermal conductivity. POLYM. COMPOS., 2008. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers     

A review of conductive polymer composites filled with low melting point metal alloys

Metal alloys with low melting temperatures may be blended into polymers to improve their electrical conductivity. We review the preparation, morphology, and electrical conductivity of polymer composites based on low melting point metal alloys, with or without additional filler particles. Since such alloys can be liquid under melt processing conditions, the composite morphology is determined by phenomena such as coalescence of liquid metal drops, orientation of the liquid metal phase, or selective wetting of a second filler by the liquid metal. None of these phenomena appear in conductive composites based on more common conductive fillers such as carbon black, carbon nanotubes, or metal particles. The published literature suggests that composites based on low melting metal alloys, with or without additional non‐melting filler particles, can have much higher percolation thresholds and much higher electrical conductivity (～1,000 S/m) than those based on fillers such as carbon black or carbon nanotubes. Changes in other properties such as rheological or mechanical properties are also discussed. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 58:1010–1019, 2018. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers     

氧化铝及碳纤维对EPDM/MVQ共混胶性能的影响

选用EPDM/MVQ共混胶为基体,研究了氧化铝、碳纤维/氧化铝对EPDM/MVQ共混胶力学性能、导热性能及导电性能的影响。结果表明,随着氧化铝用量的增加,共混胶的力学性能下降,导热性能增加,电阻变化不大;当氧化铝用量为200份时,复合材料的拉伸强度达到4.5MPa,导热系数达到1.1W/(m·k),选用氧化铝/碳纤维混合填料体系,当氧化铝和碳纤维的用量分别为100份和15份时,复合材料的拉伸强度达到4.8MPa,导热系数达到0.66 W/(m·k)。     

Electrical conductivity of carbon‐filled polypropylene‐based resins

Adding conductive carbon fillers to insulating thermoplastic resins increases composite electrical conductivity. Often, as much of a single type of carbon filler is added to achieve the desired conductivity and still allow the material to be molded into a bipolar plate for a fuel cell. In this study, various amounts of three different carbons (carbon black, synthetic graphite particles, and carbon nanotubes) were added to polypropylene resin. The resulting single‐filler composites were tested for electrical resistivity (1/electrical conductivity). The effects of single fillers and combinations of the different carbon fillers were studied via a factorial design. The percolation threshold was 1.4 vol % for the composites containing only carbon black, 2.1 vol % for those containing only carbon nanotubes, and 13 vol % for those containing only synthetic graphite particles. The factorial results indicate that the composites containing only single fillers (synthetic graphite followed closely by carbon nanotubes and then carbon black) caused a statistically significant decrease in composite electrical resistivity. All of the composites containing combinations of different fillers had a statistically significant effect that increased the electrical resistivity. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

聚合物基导热复合材料的性能及导热机理

采用不同品种、粒径的导热填料和基体树脂,以熔融共混方法制备聚合物/填料体系导热功能复合材料。研究了复合材料热导率λ和体积电阻率ρ_v随不同填料、粒径等因素的变化规律及其内在原因。不同填充体系的热导率均随填料粒径的减小而降低,而电导率则相反;复合体系热导率随填料含量的增加始终呈逐步上升趋势,未表现出电导率那样的急剧变化。研究表明：复合体系热导率和电导率变化的差异主要是由于二者具有不同的传导机理;复合材料热导率的变化规律可以用热弹性复合增强机制进行合理解释。     

Preparation and properties of some filled poly(vinyl chloride) compositions

Different samples of filled poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) compositions were formulated from PVC, a polar plasticizer mixture consisting of dioctylphthalate (DOP) and a chlorinated paraffin, and variable proportions of a white filler such as barite, calcium carbonate, kaoline, quartz, or talc; a conductive filler such as High Abrasion Furnace (HAF) carbon black; or a hydrated mineral filler such as aluminium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, or calcium hydroxide. Epoxidized soybean oil as a heat stabilizer and sandorin red (BRN) pigment were added. Electrical and mechanical studies show that the incorporation of white fillers produces a plasticized PVC of good electrical insulation character whereas the addition of HAF carbon black produces a sample with some electrical conductivity; both of them have good mechanical properties. Of the hydrated fillers studied aluminium hydroxide has been found to impart the best fire retardancy and good electrical properties for electric wires and cables. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 73: 2657–2670, 1999