现代集成制造系统的技术构成及发展策略研究

近几年新的先进制造技术模式和哲理层出不穷,结合我国国情,通过分析现代集成制造系统与其它先进制造技术的关系,论述了我国现代集成制造系档统的技术构成和发展策略及途径,希望为我国制造业的发展做些有益的探索.     

农机装备制造业服务型制造模式研究

农机装备制造业是确保粮食安全、助推农业现代化的重要基础。我国农机装备制造业服务型制造处于萌芽探索阶段，服务化水平落后于国际先进水平，难以满足当前农业生产、未来产业高质量发展的需要。本文基于我国农机装备制造业当前的发展现状，深度分析3家全球知名的农机装备制造企业服务化转型案例及经验，在此基础上归纳提炼了适用于我国国情的农机装备制造业服务型制造的3类模式。研究发现，农机装备制造业服务型制造模式实现具有较强的情境依赖性，服务能力是面向对象与面向组织的集成体，农机装备制造业服务型制造模式具有较强的收敛性。为此建议，加强农机装备制造产业内外合作，整合国际优势资源；培养专业农机服务队伍，塑造错位竞争优势；聚焦我国农事难题，开展技术与服务双创新。     

先进制造业选择标准及建设制造强国的发展路径

社会主义市场经济全球化发展进程的不断加快,进一步巩固与夯实了制造业在我国国民经济总体制中占据的重要地位,使制造业对经济结构升级、国际竞争力增强产生了深远影响。与其他发达国家相比,我国制造业存在长期依靠低成本、缺乏自主先进品牌等劣势,因此为更好实现制造强国发展目标,还需对先进制造业发展选择标准及发展路径进行深入研究。本文就基于此,以先进制造业选择标准为切入点,就如何建设制造强国进行相关论述,以供参考。     

2018-2019中国制造业及智能制造十大热点——李培根院士一席谈北大核心

2018年,伴随着各种智能化技术与应用的成熟,以及各种智能化技术快速融入到制造业,中国制造业的智能化进程进入到快速发展期。一、智能工厂建设如火如荼呼唤理性当前,一系列政策和措施正在加速推进我国智能制造发展,各行业制造企业都在积极探索智能制造的应用以及智能工厂的建设。然而,很多制造企业在进行智能工厂规划时。     

机械制造先进技术发展新趋势

在21世纪中，随着电子、信息等高新技术的不断发展，随着市场需求个性化与多样化，未来先进制造技术发展的总趋势是向精密化、柔性化、网络化、虚拟化、智能化、清洁化、集成化、全球化的方向发展。先进制造技术这个概念的提出为机械制造业的发展指明了方向。本文对自动化技术给予论述和展望。     

制造业创新驱动发展战略

制造业是科技创新的主要载体,科技创新是制造业发展的主要力量。改革开放以来,我国制造业实现了快速增长,已成为全球制造业大国,但总体上仍然"大而不强"。科学分析我国制造业面临的发展环境、创新能力现状,实现我国制造业创新驱动发展,就是要坚持"自主创新,智能引领,绿色发展,重点突破"的指导方针,以全面提升自主创新能力为核心,以发展数字化、网络化、智能化制造为主线,以发展资源节约、环境友好的绿色制造为重要方向,率先实现重点领域重大产品和重大制造技术的突破,全面推进制造业转型升级,实现我国制造业由大到强的历史跨越。     

增材制造产业市场及研发初探

正1增材制造涵义制造业是现代工业发展的基础,其发展水平在一定程度上代表国家现代工业的发展水平,随着智能化技术和制造业的充分发展和融合,正在引发新一轮产业变革,中国发布的《中国制造2025》旨在全面推进中国的智能制造强国战略,引发了全世界的关注与重视。增材制造技术(AdditiveManufacturing,AM)作为推动我国智能制造产业发展,提高我国整体制造水平的关键技术手段,是《中国制造2025》的发展重点。增材制造技术已有近30年的发展,但直到近些年才作为一种真正的制造模式进行大规模的应用。     

镗床自动控制系统改造

随着我国工业水平不断提高,制造装备水平也得到前所未有的发展,数字化智能化装备大量应用,而这些都离不开先进的制造业。由些可见,制造业设备的革新变得越来越重要,特别是机床设备的革新对制造业的发展起着制约作用,镗床是一种具有综合加工能力的精加工机床,目前我国机械加工企业中还有较多半自动机床,已经不能满足现在工艺要求,所以机床自动化改造有较好前景。     

试论当今机械制造技术的发展现状

制造技术是发展制造业的关键技术,是创造财富和为科学技术发展提供先进手段的基础.分析我国先进机械制造技术的特点及发展现状,并阐述我国先进机械制造技术的发展趋势.     

国内外先进制造业发展政策研究

正一、先进制造业的发展背景先进制造业是制造业的重要组成部分,更是一种新型的制造形态,其集先进的制造模式、技术手段和管理方法于一身,代表着一个国家的工业实力和水平。不论是发达的高新技术产业,或是经过技术改造的传统产业,其产品都能反映出先进制造业不同发展阶段的水平。21世纪以来,全球产业结构不断调整,制造业因此受到了巨大的挑战和冲击。然而,2008年发生的经济危机,让世界上的不少国家将目光重新     

凝固科学技术与材料

从凝固科学与实践发展的角度介绍了当前凝固材料体系的基本框架和凝固科学主要发展阶段的基本理论。作为材料科学与工程的基本组成，凝固科学技术正在现代科学理论的基础上针对传统材料的改性提高和新材料的发展需求，以控形、控构、控性为目标开展优质铸件的定向、晶体生长、快凝、深过冷及各种新型和超常领域凝固过程的研究，并介绍了其中某些方面和展望了可能的发展趋势。     

Development and challenges of planning and scheduling for petroleum and petrochemical production

Production planning and scheduling are becoming the core of production management, which support the decision of a petrochemical company. The optimization of production planning and scheduling is attempted by every refinery because it gains additional profit and stabilizes the daily production. The optimization problem considered in industry and academic research is of different levels of realism and complexity, thus increasing the gap. Operation research with mathematical programming is a conventional approach used to address the planning and scheduling problem. Additionally, modeling the processes, objectives, and constraints and developing the optimization algorithms are significant for industry and research. This paper introduces the perspective of production planning and scheduling from the development viewpoint.     

The Candela and Photometric and Radiometric Measurements

The national measurement system for photometric and radiometric quantities is presently based upon techniques that make these quantities traceable to a high-accuracy cryogenic radiometer. The redefinition of the candela in 1979 provided the opportunity for national measurement laboratories to base their photometric measurements on optical detector technology rather than on the emission from high-temperature blackbody optical sources. The ensuing technical developments of the past 20 years, including the significant improvements in cryogenic radiometer performance, have provided the opportunity to place the fundamental maintenance of photometric quantities upon absolute detector based technology as was allowed by the 1979 redefinition. Additionally, the development of improved photodetectors has had a significant impact on the methodology in most of the radiometric measurement areas. This paper will review the status of the NIST implementation of the technical changes mandated by the 1979 redefinition of the candela and its effect upon the maintenance and dissemination of optical radiation measurements.     

江澳两地高校文创设计的协同研究与商业实践

目的 探索江门世遗文化的传承、发展和转化的新思路,践行国家在《粤港澳大湾区发展规划》纲要中要求江门承担与港澳地区文化创意合作与开发任务的分工。方法 与澳门高校紧密合作,开展专业培训课程,以开平碉楼为例,从人文视角开展设计研究,梳理开平碉楼的文化脉络,把世遗文化的元素和其背后的文化融入文创产品中,提升文创产品的附加值,推动当地文创产业结构的变革。结果 两地高校构建了稳定的科研团队,开设长期有效的设计培训课程,与景区建立了研究协作关系,帮助景区构建了一套产销研的商业模式。结论 以跨区域高校合作为平台,以文创产品为抓手,依托江澳两地的资源优势,可以构建江门世遗文化全新的品牌形象,最终推动开平世遗文化的活化。     

PSD和PWELCH函数的分析改进及应用

针对MATLAB中两个内建功率谱密度计算函数psd()和pwelch()计算结果迥异的现象,在功率谱密度估计理论的基础上,根据经典的周期图理论和Welch平均周期图方法,通过详细分析源程序,解析计算方法,发现psd()计算的并不是工程单边功率谱密度,而是采样信号双边谱,故与pwelch()结果迥异,另外pwelch()不能对分段信号数据进行预处理。就上述不足提出了相应的改进措施,比较验证表明改进措施行之有效。     

Creation and motion of dislocations and fracture in metal and silicon crystals

By making a step on one surface ( ) of a rectangular small paralellepiped copper crystal, dislocations could be created by the molecular dynamic method. The dislocation created was not a complete edge dislocation but a pair of Heidenreich-Shockley partial dislocations. Each time a dislocation was created, the stress on the surface was released. Small copper crystals having a notch were pulled (until fracture), compressed and buckled by use of the molecular dynamic method. An embedded atom potential was used to represent the interaction between atoms. Dislocations were created near the tip of the notch. A very sharp yield stress was observed. The results of high speed deformations of pure silicon small crystals using the molecular dynamics are presented. The results suggest that plastic deformation may be possible for the silicon with a high speed deformation even at room temperature. Another small size single crystal, the same size and the same surfaces, was compressed using molecular dynamic method. The surfaces are {110}, {112} and {111}. The compressed direction was [111]. It was found that silicon crystals are possible to be compressed with a high speed deformation. This may suggest that silicon may be plastically deformed with high speed deformation.     

Miniature and MEMS-type vacuum sensors and pumps

In the paper, the observable trends of the actual research and development of selected types of miniature and MEMS-type vacuum sensors are presented. Some information about the new types of active vacuum gauges, which are offered by the leading manufacturers of the vacuum measurement instruments, is given. Next, the list of MEMS devices that need vacuum for proper operation is presented. Some aspects of vacuum-encapsulation of MEMS devices, on wafer level and package level are shown. The new conceptions of obtaining and maintenance of high and ultra-high vacuum in MEMS devices are described. They concern the conception of integration of a miniature orbitron pump on-chip with MEMS-type device or with vacuum part of the portable advanced instruments such as electron microscope, ion mass spectrometer, and free electron laser.     

Density and viscosity of tetralin and trans-decalin

New measurements are reported for the density and viscosity of tetralin and trans-decalin. The density was determined from room temperature to 60°C for tetralin and to 95°C for trans-decalin. The kinematic viscosity was measured up to temperatures slightly above 100°C. Our results improve upon the values recommended by the American Petroleum Institute for these liquids.