不熔化炭化对大直径中间相沥青炭纤维结构和性能的影响

本文研究了大直径中间相沥青炭单丝的不熔化过程。不同恒温时间的不熔化过程中元素量的变化及其红外光谱分析指出了不熔化的原理。研究结果表明不同的不熔化条件使最终的大直径中间相沥青炭单丝的力学性能及横截结构产生了明显的差异;随着恒温时间的加长(直至恒温4h)以及升温速率的减少,大直径中间相炭单丝的取向度增加,此趋向与大直径中间相沥青炭单丝的强度变化相一致。     

扫描电镜在织物、纱线色差分析中的应用

介绍了一种使用扫描电子显微镜分析织物色差原因的方法,通过对织物结构、纱线质量进行形貌分析,发现织物密度、纱线质量以及并丝、僵丝、断头、未牵伸丝等纤维疵点是织物产生色差的原因。结果表明,该方法具有快速、便捷、准确的优点,可以完全满足生产、营销的技术需要。     

粘胶纤维混纺织物色差横档原因分析

针对我公司生产的粘胶短纤维与腈纶纤维混纺织物染色后布面出现轻微色差横档,通过对粘胶纤维原材料、混纺纱线和染色后织物进行一系列试验与分析,最终找出粘胶纤维/腈纶纤维混纺织物产生色差横档的原因是由于混纺纱线时不同纤维组份混入比例不匀导致的。     

钢丝帘线刚度的探讨

探讨结构不同破断力相同(近)、结构和单丝直径相同而单丝强度等级不同、结构相同单丝直径不同以及同一结构有无外缠丝等因素对钢丝帘线刚度的影响。通过数据对比表明,同一结构钢丝帘线单丝直径不同及有无外缠丝对钢丝帘线刚度影响最大,为保证轮胎的生产和质量,必须有效控制外缠结构钢丝帘线的刚度。     

涤／棉混纺织物热熔染色中色差产生的原因分析及对策

本文从原料、化料、机械设备的性能、半制品的质量、工艺参数及条件的变化等方面分析了涤／绵混纺织物熔染色中色差产生的原因，提出了解决色差的具体措施。     

涤/棉混纺织物热熔染色中色差产生的原因分析及对策

本文从原料、化料、机械设备的性能、半制品的质量、工艺参数及条件的变化等方面分析了涤／棉混纺织物热熔染色中色差产生的原因，提出了解决色差的具体措施。     

抗切割性工程机械轮胎

本发明为有关抗切割性充气轮胎。该轮胎具有一种埋置于矿山机械之类的轮胎胎面下部或胎侧的单丝钢丝结构。该单丝钢丝为直径0．4—1．2mm镀黄铜钢丝。钢丝既可以是编织的,也可以做成弹簧连杆构型。可以把两根单丝钢丝捻合在一起,如果两根单丝钢丝捻合在一起,则其总直径为0．8—1．4mm。     

碳纳米管/尼龙并股人工肌肉纤维的制备与性能表征

高度定向的尼龙纤维在加热时收缩且直径增加,扭曲然后卷绕这些材料的单丝形成螺旋弹簧,通过各向异性的热膨胀在加热时能够产生高的拉伸致动。通过使用电流来进行焦耳加热是控制驱动的便利方法。在这项工作中,浮动化学气相沉积法制备的碳纳米管纤维被用作肌肉表面的焦耳加热元件,人工肌肉在低电压下(小于1V/cm)可以观察到产生14.2%的线性驱动,能量密度达到538.1 J/kg。优异的循环性能预示着在智能织物领域有重要应用。     

影响玻璃纤维原丝单丝直径均匀性的主要因素初探

众所周知,原丝单丝直径的均匀性直接影响着原丝的强度和纺织性能,它决定着原丝的内在质量.为探明影响单丝直径均匀性的主要因素,作者对本厂中碱22Tex原丝单丝直径分布情况进行了测定,经分析认为:1)漏板温差是影响目前单丝直径均匀性的主要因素.2)在拉丝作业温度范围内,漏板温度越接近温度上限,单丝直径均匀性越差.     

中粗旦抗静电丙纶长丝的研制

<正> 丙纶易产生静电,在织造过程中由于单丝间相同电荷的排斥,使纱线产生"气圈",断头多,织造困难,影响生产。用丙纶制成的织物如毛巾袜、床罩等易吸尘、染污,不易洗涤,影响外观及使用效果。特别     

用色度计辅助长丝袜带判色

介绍了色度计的测色原理以及如何用色度计对灰卡和袜带进行色差测试,建立仪器判定袜带色差的新方法。通过用色度计代替判色人员目光判色,减少了人员之间目测判色误差,为长丝袜带准确有效地测定色差提供了一种有效方法。     

Establishment of a color tolerance for yarn-dyed fabrics from different color-depth yarns

Yarn-dyed fabric is often woven from warp and weft yarns in the same color depth to ensure a uniform color appearance. The difference in color depth between warp and weft tends to result in the uneven color of the yarn-dyed fabric. This article aims to establish a color tolerance for yarn-dyed fabric that can be woven with a qualified color appearance but from the warp and weft yarns in different color depths. A total of 27 yarn-dyed fabric samples in three color series (red, yellow, and blue) were evaluated by using the yarn-dyed fabric from warp and weft yarns in the same color depth of 2% (on weight of fabric, owf) as the standard. Visual assessment and instrumental measurement of color were carried out to establish the color tolerance ellipse that was defined as CMC (Color Measurement Committee) color differences (2:1) of no more than 1.00. It was found that the color strengths (K/S) and color differences (ΔE_CMC(2:1)) of these fabric samples for each color series had linear relationships with the color depths of warp and weft yarns. The color tolerance ellipses indicated that, even though the warp and weft yarns had an apparent color difference, they could be woven in fabrics with relatively uniform color appearance and meet the requirements for yarn-dyed fabric. This work provided valuable insight into the production of qualified yarn-dyed fabrics from unqualified dyed yarns.     

Preparation and self-assembly of photonic crystals on polyester fabrics

Photonic crystals play the vital role in structural color appearance, and they can be fabricated on polymer substrates. In this paper, monodispersed SiO₂ microspheres with the average diameter ranging from 150 to 300 nm were prepared by classical Stöber method. The spherical size of SiO₂ microspheres was regulated by controlling concentrations of ammonia. The tunable structural colors could be changed by modulating the diameters of SiO₂ microspheres or viewing angles, which adhered to the law of the Bragg diffraction. As a kind of polymer fabric, the polyester fabrics, smoother than natural fiber fabrics, exhibited bright structural colors from the well-ordered photonic crystal microstructure by vertical deposition self-assembly of SiO₂ photonic crystals. Moreover, the result indicated that the difference of fabric-woven structure could affect the lightness of structure color, and the lightness on satin fabric was duller than that of plain fabric. Besides, we have also discussed the influence of fabric structure on the lightness of structure color using the theory of thin film interference. It is believed that the structural color could provide a new strategy for related polymer product coloration without chemical dyes and pigments, and has a potential to reduce the pollution in related polymer materials dyeing and printing processes.     

多异多重复合涤纶长丝的染色均匀度及检测方法研究(第三报)·深色丝和浅色丝在织物试样中的暴露程度

D丝和L丝在织物试样中的显现程度差异表明,D丝较L丝易于显现,但有色差涤丝经纺织加工后的危害性有所下降;机头布染色可不作碱减量处理;染成铁灰、咖啡等深色时最易反映染色不匀问题,黄色等浅色配方的灵敏度最差。     

Using principal component analysis technique in the instrumental shade sorting of textile fabrics

In the present study, the CCC shade sorting method was employed with CMC(2:1) color difference formula on the colorimetric data (CIEL*a* b*) of 37 fabric color sets. The k‐means non‐hierarchical clustering technique was also combined with the CCC shade sorting method to increase its efficiency. The results of this combined method showed a slightly better performance, as compared with the CCC method. Also, a new proposed shade sorting method by the application of principal components analysis (PCA) technique was used to identify and remove the outliers in each of the color sets. The results of separating the outliers showed that although the diameter of group criterion was improved significantly, the number of groups, the number of singleton groups, and the number of groups with low samples were increased considerably. Finally, in a second new proposed shade sorting method, PCA was used as a data reduction tool on the colorimetric data of the 37 color sets. Then, the two first principal components in combination with a k‐means clustering technique were used for the clustering of the samples in each color set. The results of this second new proposed method were found to be similar to the CCC method considering number of group and fabric consumption criteria. The second new proposed method revealed a moderately worse result, with regard to the diameter of group criterion, than the CCC method.     

An investigation of how the texture surface of a fabric influences its instrumental color

In this article, the influence of texture surface of a fabric on its instrumental color is investigated. While former studies have found it is difficult to establish a quantitative relationships between texture of fabric and its instrumental color (color difference and color attributes, such as lightness, chroma, and hue), this article investigates from a theoretical and empirical perspective the interaction between texture and color. Eighty four knitted cotton yarn dyed fabric samples in four color centers and 21 texture structures were used in this study. It is revealed that fabric samples with different texture surfaces define a set of lines with identical direction in the reflectance space, and thus the normalized reflectance curves of these samples are identical. In the CIEXYZ space, tristimulus values of these fabric samples define a line, and thus their chromaticity coordinates are constant. In the CIELAB space, however, linearity is lost due to the non‐linear transformation from the CIEXYZ space to the CIELAB space. The finding of this article has the potential to discount the influence of texture of a fabric on its color. Experiments show that the influence of texture on color for samples in the four color centers can be reduced by 79, 55, 71, and 57%, respectively comparing to the real measured color difference. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 40, 472–482, 2015     

咖啡炭改性涤盖棉针织面料的染色工艺

针对咖啡炭改性涤盖棉面料染色均匀性差、涤棉色差大等问题,在不同染色工艺条件下对织物染色,通过对比试验,测试各种染色条件下织物的性能,优选出最佳染色工艺,得到染色均匀性好、涤棉染色色差小、色牢度高、强力损失小的咖啡炭改性涤盖棉针织染色面料。     

易染超仿棉涤纶长丝织物的开发与设计

采用易染色超仿棉涤纶长丝,通过对长丝性能进行检测,确定织物风格,开发出一种如丝般柔滑的超仿棉涤纶长丝织物。经检测结果表明:该超仿棉涤纶织物吸湿透气、手感滑爽清凉、抗起毛起球性能优异;此外,它还能采用常压沸染,在不使用碱减量处理的前提下达到柔软舒适的效果,低碳环保,符合当今纺织品的发展趋势。     

多功能有色织物洗涤剂

介绍了多功能纤维洗涤剂的制备与应用。通过实验表明 ,用含有过碳酸钠和吡咯衍生物的洗涤剂 ,不仅对织物有良好的增白作用 ,而且可以避免有色织物掉色。该产品比传统洗涤剂有更好的增白作用 ,并使织物颜色鲜艳     

有色阻燃异径聚酯FDY热收缩率的探讨

以阻燃聚酯切片与高色牢度色母粒为原料,制备了有色阻燃异径聚酯全拉伸丝(FDY),重点探讨了工艺条件对其热收缩性能的影响。结果表明:在试验范围内,有色阻燃异径聚酯FDY的热收缩率较有色普通异径聚酯FDY的高;拉伸温度对有色阻燃异径聚酯FDY热收缩率的影响很小,而定形温度与纺丝速度对其影响较大,且有色阻燃异径聚酯FDY的热收缩率随定形温度的升高而下降,随纺丝速度的降低而降低。