叶片用高铬铸铁的热处理工艺对耐磨性的影响

为了改善叶片用高铬铸铁的耐磨性,对其热处理工艺进行研究。结果表明:960℃×2 h淬火空冷+250℃×2 h回火、1050℃×2 h淬火空冷+450℃×2 h回火这两种工艺热处理后的叶片铸铁可获得细小弥散分布的共晶碳化物+二次碳化物+回火马氏体基体,以及少量的残余奥氏体组织。经过这两种工艺热处理后,叶片铸态共晶碳化物体积分数分别减少至26.67%和25.62%,碳化物形态和分布得到改善,硬度分别提高至62.60 HRC和62.10 HRC,叶片的耐磨性分别提高了42.24%和34.64%。     

高炉衬板用Cr26高铬铸铁热处理工艺研究

利用正交试验法研究了淬火温度、保温时间和回火温度对Cr26高铬铸铁组织与力学性能的影响,并优化了热处理工艺参数.研究结果表明.随着淬火温度的提高,Cr26高铬铸铁淬火硬度随之增加;而延长淬火保温时间,淬火硬度则出现先升高后下降的趋势;三因素对Cr26高铬铸铁热处理后力学性能影响的大小顺序为:淬火温度、回火温度、淬火保温时间.最佳热处理工艺为1 000℃×2h,风冷+260℃×2h,空冷,对应Cr26高铬铸铁力学性能为:HRC 59.5,a_k=8.0J·cm~(-2),组织为马氏体+M_7C_3,碳化物+二次碳化物+残余奥氏体.     

低碳高铬白口铸铁热处理工艺研究

采用正交试验方法,研究了热处理工艺参数对低碳高铬白口铸铁组织与力学性能的影响,并优化了热处理工艺参数.研究结果表明,在本试验温度范围内,热处理各参数对低碳高铬白口铸铁硬度的影响主次顺序依次为淬火保温时间、淬火温度、回火保温时间、回火温度;对冲击韧性的影响主次顺序依次为回火保温时间、淬火温度、淬火保温时间、回火温度.经优化热处理工艺1010℃×5 h淬火+砂冷,400℃×5 h回火+砂冷处理后,低碳高铬白口铸铁的硬度和冲击韧度得到较好的匹配,其值分别为55.2 HRC和4.9J/cm2,组织主要由马氏体、断续分布的共晶碳化物、细小弥散分布的二次碳化物和少量残留奥氏体组成.     

一种高铬合金耐磨铸铁衬板的热处理

研制了一种高铬合金耐磨铸铁生产耐磨衬板,对高铬合金耐磨铸铁进行080±5)℃x3h空冷淬火和(220±5)℃×3 h低温回火,观察了耐磨衬板的金相组织,测试了不同状态下衬板的硬度,分析了热处理工艺对耐磨铸铁组织和性能的影响.结果表明,铸铁铸态组织含奥氏体量多,硬度低;热处理后组织中碳化物弥散度高,组织分布最均匀,耐磨性好.     

高硬度高铬离心复合铸铁轧辊热处理

利用现场数据和热膨胀实验,研究了高铬离心复合轧辊的热处理工艺及其对高铬轧辊硬度和冲击性能的影响,并通过扫面电镜和光学显微镜对不同工艺的组织进行了观察.结果表明,采用高温950 ℃×1 h、中温450 ℃×10 h空冷淬火+525 ℃×6 h空冷回火的热处理工艺,可使高铬铸铁复合轧辊的硬度达55.6 HRC以上,冲击韧度达5.66 J/cm2,组织为马氏体基体+弥散的一次、二次和三次碳化物+残余奥氏体.     

Cr20高铬白口铸铁磨片的热处理工艺

研制了Cr20高铬白口铸铁磨片,设计正交试验方案研究了不同热处理参数对应试样的硬度和冲击韧性.结果表明,以硬度为试验指标的热处理工艺参数中,回火温度最重要,其次为淬火保温时间,再次为淬火温度及回火保温时间;在本热处理试验范围内,Cr20铸铁试样的硬度均达到了57.5HRC以上,以960℃×2.5h空冷淬火 450℃×3.5h回火的优方案热处理可获得最高硬度61.6HRC、冲击韧度2.31J/cm2.Cr20铸铁的铸后热处理能在保持冲击韧性基本不变的同时有效提高Cr20铸铁的硬度,其金相组织主要由坚硬的条状共晶碳化物(Fe, Cr)7>C3和马氏体基体组成.     

高碳高铬铸铁淬回火工艺对组织及硬度的影响

利用金相显微镜、洛氏硬度计等方法,研究了淬回火工艺对3.4wt%C高碳高铬铸铁组织及硬度的影响。结果表明:随淬火温度在960~1100℃逐步升高,基体由铸态的奥氏体转变为马氏体及残余奥氏体,一次碳化物及共晶碳化物未发生转变,二次碳化物逐渐减少,残余奥氏体逐渐增多;硬度先升高后降低,在淬火温度为1050℃时,硬度达到最高值64 HRC。随回火温度在450~650℃升高,基体组织由回火马氏体逐渐转变为回火索氏体,二次碳化物增多粗化,硬度逐步降低;最佳热处理工艺为1050℃/1 h空淬+510℃/1 h空冷回火,试样综合性能较好。     

K/Na变质剂及热处理对高铬铸铁组织性能的影响

考察了K／Na变质剂对高铬铸铁组织和性能的影响，确定了合金的熔炼工艺和热处理工艺，得出最佳的淬火和回火工艺温度（淬火1000℃＋450℃回火）。金相观察表明：未变质的高铬铸铁组织中，碳化物呈粗大板条状分布，晶粒比较粗大；变质后残余奥氏体量明显减少，初生奥氏体显著细化，碳化物由粗大板条状向细板条状、菊花状转变。性能检测结果表明：变质和热处理共同作用可同时提高高铬铸铁的硬度、耐磨性和冲击韧度。     

热处理对高铬铸铁组织和硬度的影响

利用X-射线衍射、金像显微镜和洛氏硬度计,对不同淬火温度、保温时间以及回火后组织进行了分析,研究了不同的热处理工艺对高铬铸铁组织和性能的影响。结果表明:在970℃淬火,保温4h,200℃回火,使硬度值达到62.8HRC。随着淬火温度升高和保温时间的延长,能使奥氏体中的碳含量增加,转变成的马氏体中的含碳量也增加,提高基体硬度;当淬火温度过高或保温时间过长,奥氏体中的碳含量过高,降低MS点,增加残余奥氏体,降低基体硬度。随着回火温度的升高,加速了马氏体的分解和碳化物的析出,马氏体硬度下降,使高铬铸铁的硬度下降。     

热处理工艺对高铬铸铁Cr20力学性能的影响

采用消失模熔铸法试制了亚共晶高铬铸铁Cr20,研究了淬火与回火加热温度和保温时间对其力学性能的影响。结果表明,高铬铸铁Cr20的淬火加热温度在1000～1050 ℃之间时,硬度较高,而且在1050 ℃时其冲击性能达到最高值。回火温度在300 ℃时出现一个拐点,其冲击性能出现较明显下降,而其硬度降低较小。在热处理试验工艺下,高铬铸铁的力学性能对热处理时的保温时间不敏感。高铬铸铁Cr20较佳的热处理工艺为1050 ℃´0.5 h淬火+300 ℃´2 h回火。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.