金属层状材料的复合技术及其新进展

综述国内外金属层状材料的复合技术及其优缺点,介绍几种新的高效、低耗、短流程制备技术,分析金属层状材料复合技术的发展趋势.     

层状金属复合材料的发展历程及现状

三十多年来,多种层状金属复合材料的制备方法应运而生,蓬勃发展,包括爆炸复合法、轧制复合法、热压扩散法和沉积复合法等。爆炸复合法在中厚板的制备上具有不可替代的优势,其产品广泛应用于军工、船舶、电力和化工等领域。轧制法可以批量生产大尺寸层压板,应用最为广泛,目前层压板已经广泛用于汽车、船舶和航空航天等领域。真空热压扩散法由于可以避免氧气等气体的污染,几年来在Ti/Al、Ti/TiAl和Ti6Al4V/TiAl层状复合材料的制备上备受关注。沉积复合法制备的层状金属复合材料在作为耐蚀、耐磨涂层,高强导线,人体植入材料方面表现出巨大的潜力。在综述层状金属复合材料发展历程的基础上,介绍了层状金属复合材料的制备方法及各自的优缺点,并对层状金属复合材料目前在国内外的研究现状进行了分析和介绍。      

层状金属复合板的研究和生产现状

介绍了有关层状金属复合板的研究和生产现状。爆炸焊接、轧制、爆炸 轧制复合法是目前3种主要的层状金属复合板的生产方法。其中，爆炸复合法在生产中应用最为广泛，异步轧制是一种具有很大发展潜力的轧制复合工艺，对于生产薄的复合板带材爆炸 轧制复合法具有明显的优势。     

西安天力金属复合材料有限公司

西安天力金属复合材料有限公司前身是西北有色金属研究院复合金属材料研究所，是国内最早从事层状金属复合材料研究开发的单位之一。自上世纪六十年代开始研究。期间取得了多项成果。七十年代开始工业化生产，并承担国家重点工程及军工用复合材料的研制和生产任务，通过多年的发展。为石油、化工、制盐、航空航天等领域提供了大量质量优异的复合材料。目前，产品已系列化、     

二维光催化材料研究进展

以石墨烯为代表的二维材料因其厚度尺寸和层状结构特点,表现出许多独特的物理化学性质,比如导电率高、化学性质稳定以及比表面积大等特点,在环境、材料、能源和催化领域具有广泛的应用前景。而二维材料与半导体复合,不仅可以拥有单个组分的优势,而且每种组分之间的相互作用还可能会引起本征性能的协同增强,因此二维材料-半导体复合光催化剂受到广泛的关注。文中首先介绍了二维材料的分类,包括石墨烯基二维材料和类石墨烯二维材料（六方氮化硼、过渡金属硫族化物、石墨相氮化碳、黑磷、第Ⅳ主族类石墨稀材料、金属有机骨架化合物和共价有机骨架化合物、层状双氢氧化物）。其次对二维材料和半导体-二维材料复合光催化剂的制备进行总结,重点介绍二维材料的“自上而下”和“自下而上”制备策略。最后从光催化降解有机污染物和光解水制氢对二维材料的光催化应用进行综述。基于二维材料光催化的研究现状和进展,进而对二维材料在光催化领域的前景进行展望,提高其实际应用价值。      

稀土材料被重庆列入优先投资高技术项目

在重庆优先投资高技术领域指南中,“金属粉体材料及粉末冶金技术”、“金属多孔复合催化材料”、“特种功能材料”、“稀土材料”等列入其中。     

西安天力金属复合材料股份有限公司

正公司愿景:以品质提升价值,做中国最受信赖的层状金属复合材料企业质量方针:诚信赢得市场、细实巩固品质、精准提升效率、创新引领未来西安天力金属复合材料股份有限公司成立于2003年12月,现为国家地方联合层状金属复合材料工程研究中心和陕西省层状金属复合材料工程研究中心,是陕西省和西安市认定的著名商标。自2004年先后通过了ISO9001、法国BV、英国劳氏的质量体系认证,劳氏的欧盟PED认证和ASME核电认证,取得了中国船级社《船用复合钢板》产品认证,是钛钢复合板国标(GB/T8547)、钛不锈钢国标(GB/T8546)以及卫星用钛-不锈钢爆炸复合过渡接头国军标(GJB3797-99)的主要起草和修订单位,具有完善的科技创新体系和雄厚的科研实力。     

新型低密度高强高韧热轧层状钢研发

 鉴于能源短缺与高安全性要求,钢铁材料的低密度化与高强韧化成为高强钢的研发热点。大量报道证明,铝等元素合金化可以显著降低钢材密度,层状复合组织大幅度提高钢铁材料的韧性。在介绍国内外传统等轴晶粒高强韧钢、层状复合钢铁材料及低密度钢研发结果的基础上,提出了Fe-Al-Mn-C低密度双相钢的低中等合金质量分数（4%～12%）的合金化设计和高温铁素体和奥氏体的几何扁平化组织调控思路,制备出具有铁素体与马氏体相间排列的层片复合双相钢组织结构的高强韧钢研发思路。初步研究结果证明,层片双相钢的组织结构设计是可行的,实现了钢铁材料的高强度化（抗拉强度为1 000～1 500 MPa）、低密度化（6.5～7.5 g/cm3）和高韧性化（室温V型冲击韧性为200～400 J）,突破了传统等轴结构材料的强韧化机制制约,形成了新型层状复合结构强韧化的钢铁材料研发方向。强调未来需要对层片双相钢材料进行深入研究,以实现对化学成分、层片组织结构参数与材料强度、韧性和材料密度关系的定量研究,深入探讨低密度层状双相钢的层状组织调控机制及其强韧化机理,为未来高强韧金属材料研发及应用开辟出创新发展方向。     

镍基与铜基碳化硅复合镀层制备技术发展现状

碳化硅(SiC)纳米复合镀层可以改善材料的耐磨性能,是代硬铬电镀的理想替代技术,本文对SiC复合电镀广泛使用的Ni基及Cu基复合电沉积制备工艺在耐磨方面的应用进行了概述,对Ni、Cu单金属及其合金为主的基质金属进行了评价和总结,在此基础上,重点综述了近年来SiC复合电沉积技术的研究进展,包括单一SiC颗粒及与其他复合颗粒沉积,对其中的规律进行了总结。最后展望了SiC复合电沉积技术的发展方向。     

一种高稳定双活性组分钛基复合金属氧化物及其制备方法

本发明提供了一种高稳定含双活性组分钛基复合金属氧化物及其制备方法。根据层状复合金属氢氧化物（LDHs）具有结构可设计性和层板组成可调变性的特点,以镁铝钛三元水滑石为插层前体,通过超分子插层将含钼、钨、钒的过渡金属酸根离子引入插层前体中,     

Synthesis and properties of Ti-Al laminated composites with an intermetallic layer

Metal-intermetallic laminated composites are fabricated upon reaction sintering of titanium and aluminum foils of various thicknesses. The mechanical properties of the composites with various metallic and intermetallic component contents are estimated using static and dynamic tests. The mechanical properties of the laminated composites are found to be anisotropic during static and dynamic loading.     

双金属复合材料弯曲成形有限元模拟的材料模型研究

由于双金属材料中两层复合组织结构的非均质性,对其零件成形过程进行有限元模拟是一个比较复杂的过程,其中最关键的一点就是材料模型问题.本文在经典的复合材料层合板理论的基础上对双金属复合材料的本构关系进行了推导计算,根据材料具体的加工工艺,在有限元软件MSC Marc中,建立了等效层合板模型,可以较准确地描述双金属材料结构的真实情况.     

Probabilistic Failure Analysis of Transversely Loaded Laminated Composite Plates Using First-Order Second Moment Method

A method for the probabilistic failure analysis of laminated composite plates with random system parameters subject to transverse loads is presented. System parameters such as material properties, plate thickness, and lamina strengths of a laminated composite plate are treated as baseline random variables. The statistics of the baseline random variables obtained from experiments are used in a stochastic finite-element analysis for computing the statistical moments of stresses in the laminated composite plate. An appropriate failure criterion from which the statistical moments of first-ply failure load are derived via a first-order second moment method is used to construct the limit state equation of the plate in the probabilistic failure analysis. The reliability of the laminated plate is then computed using an assumed probability distribution function of the first-ply failure load. The feasibility and accuracy of the present method are validated by the experimental data of centrally loaded laminated composite plates with different layups. The suitability of several commonly used failure criteria for reliability analysis of laminated composite plates is also investigated by means of several examples.     

Behavior and Failure Strength of Laminated Glass Beams

Despite the increased use of laminated glass (two monolithic layers of glass joined with an elastomeric interlayer—usually PVB—to form a unit) as a cladding material for architectural glazing applications and by now as a structural material, the mechanical properties and the structural capabilities of PVB laminated glass are not well known. This paper presents an analytical model that predicts stress development and ultimate strength of laminated glass beams involving a multilayered system that allows displacements in the shear flexible interlayer. The model may be applied to laminates of arbitrary shape and size under prevailing uniaxial bending. No specific simplifying assumption is made in formulating the procedure, so the modeling inaccuracy is marginal, as proved by comparing theoretical model predictions with test results. The model was then used for assessing the safety and predicting the failure strength of laminated glass products available in the architectural glass marketplace, in order to identify the basis for rational design with glass-polymer laminates. The closed form of the model permits us to both explain the behavior of laminated glass, and correlate the structural performance with the geometrical and mechanical parameters.     

高界面结合强度铜/钼/铜叠层复合材料的制备研究

采用非平衡态的高能铜离子注入技术,对钼芯材表面进行改性并一次覆铜形成过渡铜层,将原本不固溶的的钼/铜界面转化为铜/铜界面,制得高界面结合强度的铜/钼/铜叠层复合材料;采用近终形的热等静压复合技术进行二次覆铜,结合小变形量冷轧工艺进行复合板材精整,降低各层协同变形量,保证了叠层复合材料的板形、芯层质量、表面粗糙度及平行度。本方法所制备的铜/钼/铜叠层复合材料具有界面结合强度高、板形良好、芯层质量好且平行度好的优点,可作为一种电子封装材料或热沉材料应用于电子、信息技术领域。     

Features of Formation and Properties of Titanium–Aluminum System Laminated Composite Materials with Different Silicon Content

Metallurgist - Formation of laminated composite materials of titanium-aluminum and titanium-foam aluminum are the most promising. The adhesive strength of layers of composite material is determined...     

Hygrothermal Effects on the Nonlinear Bending of Shear Deformable Laminated Plates

The influence of hygrothermal effects on the nonlinear bending of shear deformable laminated plates subjected to a uniform or sinusoidal load is investigated using a micro-to-micromechanical analytical model. The material properties of the composite are affected by the variation of temperature and mositure, and are based on a micromechanical model of a laminate. The governing equations of a laminated plate are based on Reddy’s higher-order shear deformation plate theory with von Kármán-type kinematic nonlinearity, and including hygrothermal effects. A perturbation technique is employed to determine the load-deflection and load-bending moment curves. The numerical illustrations concern nonlinear bending behavior of antisymmetric angle-ply and symmetric cross-ply laminated plates under different sets of environmental conditions. The results presented show the effects of temperature rise, the degree of moisture concentration, and fiber volume fraction on the nonlinear bending behavior of the plate.     

Fracture behavior of laminated metal-metallic glass composites

The crack growth behavior of metallic glass in laminated metal-metallic glass composites was investigated and compared to the crack growth characteristics of monolithic metallic glass. The composite arrangement significantly increases the crack growth resistance of the glass. Growth in the monolithic glass is catastrophic, whereas in the composite, it is stable. The behavior is described in terms of crack growth resistance(R) curves and discussed in terms of extrinsic and intrinsic contributions to toughness. It is found that an extrinsic factor,i.e., matrix bridging, makes the major contribution to increased crack growth resistance and that a limiting crack opening displacement model interprets the experimental data quite well. Enhanced glass deformation in the crack tip region, manifested by multiple shear band formation, is responsible for the intrinsic toughening observed. Physical models are developed to estimate the level of intrinsic toughening due to this effect.     

Thermal Postbuckling of Preloaded Shear Deformable Laminated Plates

Postbuckling analysis is presented for a simply supported, shear deformable laminated plate subjected to a uniform lateral pressure and thermal loading, and resting on an elastic foundation. The temperature fields considered are associated with a nonuniform tentlike and parabolic distribution over the plate surface. The material properties are assumed to be independent of temperature. The lateral pressure is first converted into an initial deflection, and the initial geometric imperfection of the plate also is taken into account. The formulations are based on Reddy's higher-order shear deformation plate theory and include the plate-foundation interaction and thermal effects. The analysis uses a mixed Galerkin-perturbation technique to determine the thermal postbuckling equilibrium paths. The numerical illustrations concern the thermal postbuckling behavior of preloaded antisymmetric angle-ply laminated plates under a tentlike temperature field and symmetric cross-ply laminated plates under a parabolic temperature field resting on Pasternak-type or softening nonlinear elastic foundations from which the results for Winkler elastic foundations are obtained as a limiting case. The effects played by foundation stiffness, fiber orientation, transverse shear deformation, the plate aspect ratio, thermal load ratio, and initial geometric imperfection as well as initial lateral pressure are studied.