Ti3SiC2/TiC复相陶瓷原位合成的研究

以Ti、Si和活性炭粉为主要原料,利用热压烧结工艺合成了Ti3SiC2/TiC复相陶瓷.研究了工艺条件尤其是不同保温保压时间对合成产物相组成及微观结构的影响,并结合XRD、SEM和热力学分析等探讨了反应合成机理.结果表明:热压温度为1400℃,25MPa保温保压4h时,得到了均匀、致密的Ti3SiC2/TiC强夹层复合陶瓷,其中TiC颗粒均匀地分布在Ti3 SiC2陶瓷基体中;同时保温保压时间对Ti3SiC2/TiC的合成起关键作用.     

无压烧结反应合成片状TiC晶粒

采用3TiC/Si/0.2A1粉体为原料,通过无压烧结反应合成了片状TiC晶粒.采用XRD、SEM和EDS对试样的物相组成、微观形貌和微区成分进行分析.结果表明,在1100～1200℃、保温2h,原料反应合成了主相Ti3SiC2,同时含有少量TiC、SiC相;当温度为1300℃时,Ti3SiC2开始明显分解;当温度升至1350℃时,试样中Ti3SiC2完全分解,产物主要由TiC相和少量SiC组成;六方TiC晶粒边长5μm.     

TiC增强Cf/SiC复合材料与钛合金钎焊接头工艺分析

采用Ag-Cu-Ti-（Ti＋C）混合粉末作钎料,在适当的工艺参数下真空钎焊Cf/SiC复合材料与钛合金,利用SEM,EDS和XRD分析接头微观组织结构,利用剪切试验检测接头力学性能.结果表明,钎焊后钎料中的钛与Cf/SiC复合材料发生反应,接头中主要包括TiC,Ti3SiC2,Ti5Si3,Ag,TiCu,Ti3Cu4和Ti2Cu等反应产物,形成石墨与钛原位合成TiC强化的致密复合连接层.TiC的形成缓解了接头的残余热应力,并且提高了接头的高温性能.接头室温、500℃和800℃高温抗剪强度分别达到145,70,39 MPa,明显高于Cf/SiC/Ag-Cu-Ti/TC4钎焊接头.     

用Ti/Ag粉坯连接的SiC陶瓷界面

以Ti、Ag金属粉末压坯做焊料,采用热压反应烧结连接工艺连接再结晶SiC陶瓷.当焊接温度为1030℃,接头抗弯强度最高达116.8 MPa,为母材强度的73.4%.显微分析表明:在焊料产物层与SiC陶瓷母材之间形成一个反应层,焊接温度的变化对反应层的厚度有明显影响;反应层主要由TiC、Ti5Si3和Ti3SiC2组成,且Ti3SiC2紧邻母材SiC,而TiC则靠近焊料产物层一侧.SEM分析表明:焊料产物层为黑白相间的复相区,白色相主要是AgTi,黑色相主要由Ti和AgTi3组成.     

感应加热辅助原位合成Ti3SiC2连接SiC陶瓷

采用感应加热的方式引燃Ti-Si-C(摩尔比3∶1∶2)及Ti-Si-C-Al(摩尔比3∶1∶2∶0.1)体系的自蔓延燃烧反应并实现了SiC陶瓷间的连接. 通过对不同工艺参数下生成产物中Ti3SiC2相的相对含量的分析,初步优选出最佳工艺参数为50 A感应电流下加热、30 A感应电流下保温30 min以及1 MPa的连接压力,得到的SiC/TSC/SiC和SiC/TSC-Al/SiC接头平均抗剪强度分别为32.9和66.8 MPa. 微观结构和成分分析的结果表明,SiC/TSC/SiC及SiC/TSC-Al/SiC接头处均显示出良好的界面结合,无明显气孔或裂纹等缺陷.XRD的物相分析结果表明,SiC/TSC-Al/SiC接头的中间层产物中主要含有Ti3SiC2相及少量TiC和Ti-Si的化合物;而SiC/TSC/SiC接头则主要以TiC为主,这就导致了前者的平均抗剪强度超过了后者的两倍.     

机械合金化+烧结制备TiC/Ti3SiC2复合材料

以Ti、Si和C单质粉末为原料,采用机械合金化合成了TiC/Ti3SiC2混合粉体,并用放电等离子烧结球磨粉体制备了致密的TiC/Ti3SiC2陶瓷。结果表明,机械合金化可以合成由TiC和Ti3SiC2组成的混合粉体,同时还可以细化晶粒,促进烧结的致密化过程。在1200℃下,保温5min,加压30MPa,对机械合金化1h时的粉体进行放电等离子烧结可制备相对密度高达99.1%的TiC/Ti3SiC2复合陶瓷。     

原位合成Ti3SiC2/SiC复合材料及其显微组织的观察

利用Si和TiC原位反应合成了Ti3SiC2/SiC复合材料.研究了不同烧结工艺参数和原料配比对形成复合材料的影响.利用X-射线衍射分析了材料的物相组成.所合成的材料中除Ti3SiC2和SiC外,还有TiC存在.利用扫描电镜和透射电镜观察了材料的微观组织,发现生成的SiC颗粒呈棒状和等轴状分布于Ti3SiC2基体中.在Ti3SiC2晶粒内部存在大量的位错和层错.     

机械诱发自蔓延反应合成Ti3SiC2的机理研究

机械合金化3Ti/Si/2C粉体,会诱发自蔓延反应,产生组成相为TiC、Ti3SiC2、TiSi2和Ti5Si3的粉体与块体产物.获得的粉体和块体产物中Ti3SiC2含量分别约为17.6%和58.2%(质量分数,下同).本研究提出了一个机械诱发自蔓延反应合成Ti3SiC2的反应机制,即Ti3SiC2是从固相TiC与Ti-Si液相中形核并长大.最后讨论了机械诱发自蔓延反应与自蔓延高温烧结对合成产物中Ti3SiC2含量及显微形貌的影响.     

SPS制备Ti-Si-C系纳米复合材料

围绕Ti-Si-C体系,采用Ti,Si,C,SiC等粉体,利用SPS原位反应烧结制备了一系列Ti-Si-C体系纳米复合材料,主要包括TiC/SiC,Ti5Si3/TiC,Ti5Si3/TiC/Ti3SiC2等纳米复合材料.利用XRD,SEM和TEM分析了复合材料的相组成和显微结构,利用压痕法测定了其室温显微硬度和断裂韧性.结果表明利用SPS技术可在比较低的温度(＜1500℃),很短的保温时间(＜8 min)下同步完成反应、烧结、致密化,生成Ti-Si-C系纳米复合材料,并且晶粒细小,其中某一相晶粒尺寸小于500 nm.     

Si/SiC复相陶瓷与殷钢钎焊接头组织结构研究

以Ti、Cu混合金属粉末为钎料真空钎焊Si/SiC复相陶瓷与殷钢,通过扫描电镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射对接头组织结构进行分析.结果表明:Ti-Cu钎料对陶瓷和殷钢都具有良好的润湿性;在980℃保温10 min条件下形成良好的连接接头.连接层主要由Ti-Cu化合物和Ti5Si3相组成,在连接层与陶瓷界面生成TiSi2、Ti3SiC2和TiC反应层:在980℃保温15 min条件下,连接层中生成的化合物种类没有变化,但在近缝区的陶瓷中产生了横向裂纹,导致接头强度急剧下降.接头室温剪切强度在980℃保温10 min时最高达到90 MPa.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.