纳米SiO2改性EP对基体力学性能和芳纶纤维/EP复合材料界面性能的影响

研究了纳米SiO2对环氧树脂(EP)基体力学性能的影响,并进一步采用对位芳纶纤维(F-12)增强环氧树脂,制备了NOL环复合材料,通过复合材料层间剪切性能测试考核了F-12与环氧树脂之间的界面粘接性能.结果表明:环氧树脂中添加适量的纳米SiO2能够有效提高环氧树脂浇注体的拉伸强度、拉伸弹性模量、冲击强度.纳米SiO2的加入,可以有效改善F-12与环氧树脂基体之间的界面粘接性能,降低复合材料的空隙率,F-12/纳米SiO2(6%)-EP复合材料的层间剪切强度(ILSS)提高约60.3%.     

硅烷改性PPTA纤维的表面粘结性能研究

采用未干燥的聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺(PPTA)纤维,以乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷(VTMS)溶液对其进行表面改性,分析了改性前后PPTA纤维的表面元素、形貌结构以及力学性能的变化,并通过微脱胶法和激光拉曼光谱法研究了PPTA纤维/环氧树脂复合材料的界面剪切强度。结果表明:经VTMS溶液改性后,PPTA纤维表面产生了新的极性官能团,表面粗糙度增加;随着VTMS溶液浓度增大或处理时间增加,PPTA纤维/环氧树脂界面剪切强度逐渐增大,PPTA纤维的力学性能略为降低;较佳改性处理条件为VTMS溶液质量分数6%,处理时间5 min;经VTMS溶液改性处理后,PPTA纤维与树脂间的粘接性能提高,延缓了纤维轴向应力的传递。     

γ-射线辐照对碳纤维及其复合材料力学性能的影响

以60Coγ-射线为辐照源对碳纤维(CF)表面进行处理,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察经辐照处理后的碳纤维单丝表面及其与环氧树脂制备的复合材料试样的层间剪切断口;通过层间剪切强度比较了吸收剂量对其复合材料层间剪切强度(ILSS)的影响,并根据GB/T3362—1982标准比较了辐照前后碳纤维复丝拉伸强度的变化。结果表明:辐照处理后的碳纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料的界面明显得到改善,在一定的吸收剂量范围内能够有效地提高复合材料的ILSS,但是过大的辐照剂量和接枝率不利于复合材料的界面改性;当辐照剂量小于250kGy时,碳纤维的复丝拉伸强度有所提高。     

基于NOL环的高性能纤维与环氧树脂的匹配性研究

纤维与树脂的界面对复合材料的整体力学性能有着显著的影响。基于NOL环的宏观力学测试一般被用来反映复合材料的界面粘结性能,因此适用于评价纤维与树脂之间的宏观力学性能匹配性。为了探究高性能碳纤维T700SC、T800HB及高强玻璃纤维与环氧树脂的宏观力学性能匹配性,本研究首先根据GB/T 1458—2008国家标准制备NOL环试样,再借助NOL环的拉伸和层间剪切强度测试分析了高性能纤维与环氧树脂不同匹配组合宏观力学性能差异的原因,并寻找出最佳匹配组合。结果表明:玻璃纤维与环氧树脂的界面存在最佳的粘结强度,而且不同粘结强度导致拉伸强度和破坏机理不同,而碳纤维复合材料界面性能较差,容易分层破坏;T800HB与环氧树脂的宏观力学匹配性优于T700SC,环氧树脂力学性能、碳纤维的表面微观结构与性质以及环氧树脂与碳纤维之间的相互作用关系是影响界面粘结性能的根本原因。该研究在高性能纤维单向复合材料的材料选择与设计方面具有现实意义。     

芳纶纤维等离子体接枝改性处理研究

采用等离子体接枝对芳纶纤维表面进行改性处理,采用XPS、浸润性、界面剪切强度对等离子体接枝处理前后的表面组成、复合材料界面粘接性能等进行了研究,结果表明:等离子体接枝处理可以有效地提高芳纶纤维表面的极性官能团,增加与基体树脂-环氧树脂的浸润性,进而提高芳纶/环氧复合材料的界面粘接强度.     

碱式硫酸镁晶须增强ABS复合材料制备及性能

以丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)及碱式硫酸镁晶须为原料,以环氧树脂(ER)和苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物(SMA)作为界面相容剂,研究界面相容剂对晶须增强ABS复合材料力学性能及界面粘接的影响.结果表明:加入SMA或环氧树脂,碱式硫酸镁晶须增强ABS复合材料的力学性能明显提高;SMA与环氧树脂同时加入具有明显的协同效果,使复合材料的性能更为优越.当晶须加入质量分数为15％时,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、冲击强度较未添加界面相容剂时分别提高了26％、19％、198％.     

玻纤增强ABS复合材料的制备及性能

以丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)及玻璃纤维(GF)为原料,以环氧树脂作为界面相容剂,研究了界面相容剂对玻璃纤维增强ABS复合材料力学性能及界面粘接的影响.结果表明:加入环氧树脂,玻纤增强ABS复合材料的力学性能明显提高;随着玻纤质量分数的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、冲击强度均逐渐增加;玻纤质量分数为30%时,GF/ABS/环氧树脂复合材料的拉伸强度比未改性的复合材料的拉伸强度提高了30%,弯曲强度提高了25%,冲击强度也提高了50%.     

用于辐照改性的PBO纤维复合材料的树脂体系配方设计及其性能研究

结合γ-射线辐照改性PBO纤维表面技术,将辐照介质(接枝体化合物)作为树脂基体的一个成分设计出环氧树脂基体配方.通过浸润试验、树脂浇铸体力学试验、纤维湿法缠绕工艺试验和Microbond界面剪切试验等方法研究了树脂基体的各项性能.结果表明,与另外几种常用的树脂基体相比,本文设计的树脂基体与表面改性PBO纤维的浸润性能和界面粘接性能有明显的提高.树脂浇铸体力学性能满足高性能纤维复合材料的要求.     

纳米SiO_2改性环氧树脂胶粘剂的研究

选择纳米 SiO_2 作为增强材料改性环氧树脂基体, 以物理分散法将纳米 SiO_2 分散在环氧树脂中。通过力学性能测试和热稳定性能测试, 研究了不同含量的纳米 SiO_2 对改性环氧树脂胶粘剂的热性能、拉伸性能和冲击性能的影响; 通过 NOL环测试和扫描电子显微镜(SEM) 分析, 研究了不同含量的纳米 SiO_2 对国产芳纶纤维/改性环氧复合材料的界面性能和层间剪切强度的影响。实验结果表明, 基体树脂中当 w( 纳米SiO_2)=3%时, 改性环氧树脂胶粘剂的拉伸强度和冲击强度分别提高了 28.8%和 22.6%, 复合材料的层间剪切强度(ILSS) 达到最大值, 比未改性胶粘剂提高约 56.8%。     

杂环芳纶表面ZnO纳米界面相的构筑及其界面强化作用

为了改善杂环芳纶(F3)与环氧树脂黏结性差以及不耐紫外辐射的缺点,首先对纤维进行功能化预处理,然后通过溶胶-凝胶法和水热法分别在芳纶表面生长了氧化锌纳米颗粒和氧化锌纳米线界面层。采用X成、形貌、与环氧树脂的黏结性以及抗紫外性能进行了研究。结果表明:纳米颗粒状和纳米线形态的ZnO纳米界面相能够显著提高纤维与树脂基体的黏结性能,与未处理的纤维相比,单纤维复合材料的界面剪切强度分别提高了14.1%和27.0%;同时ZnO的破坏,经过168 h紫外辐射试验后,纤维强度保持率从79.1%提高到96.7%。     

高能辐照对国产芳纶纤维/环氧复合材料界面性能影响

芳纶纤维因其表面惰性、光滑使其与树脂浸润性差,界面结合强度低。以环氧氯丙烷为介质1,采用60Coγ-射线辐照方法对国产芳纶纤维进行表面改性,以界面剪切强度（IFSS）和层间剪切强度（ILSS）表征芳纶/环氧复合材料界面结合性能。结果表明在400kGy辐照剂量下改性效果最好;经高能辐照处理的芳纶纤维表面能升高,并失去了原有的光滑表面,且纤维表面氧含量有大幅度提高,使得纤维表面活性增大。     

Interfacial improvement of carbon fiber/epoxy composites using a simple process for depositing commercially functionalized carbon nanotubes on the fibers

An aqueous suspension deposition method was used to coat the sized carbon fibers T700SC and T300B with commercially carboxylic acid-functionalized and hydroxyl-functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The CNTs on the fiber surfaces were expected to improve the interfacial strength between the fibers and the epoxy. The factors affecting the deposition, especially the fiber sizing, were studied. According to single fiber-composite fragmentation tests, the deposition process results in improved fiber/matrix interfacial adhesion. Using carboxylic acid-functionalized CNTs, the interfacial shear strength was increased 43% for the T700SC composite and 12% for the T300B composite. The relationship between surface functional groups of the CNTs and the interfacial improvement was discussed. The interfacial reinforcing mechanism was explored by analyzing the surface morphology of the carbon fibers, the wettability between the carbon fibers and the epoxy resin, the chemical bonding between the fiber sizing and the CNTs, and fractographic observation of cross-sections of the composites. Results indicate that interfacial friction, chemical bonding and resin toughening are responsible for the interfacial improvement of nanostructured carbon fiber/epoxy composites. The mechanical properties of the CNT-deposited composite laminate were further measured to confirm the effectiveness of this strategy.     

Surface ammonification of the mutual‐irradiated aramid fibers in 1,4‐dichlorobutane for improving interfacial properties with epoxy resin

The mutual irradiated aramid fibers in 1,4‐dichlorobutane was ammoniated by ammonia/alcohol solution, in an attempt to improve the interfacial properties between aramid fibers and epoxy matrix. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), dynamic contact angle analysis (DCA), interfacial shear strength (IFSS), and single fiber tensile testing were carried out to investigate the functionalization process of aramid fibers and the interfacial properties of the composites. Experimental results showed that the fiber surface elements content changed obviously as well as the roughness through the radiation and chemical reaction. The surface energy and IFSS of aramid fibers increased distinctly after the ammonification, respectively. The amino groups generated by ammonification enhanced the interfacial adhesion of composites effectively by participating in the epoxy resin curing. Moreover, benefited by the appropriate radiation, the tensile strength of aramid fibers was not affected at all. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 44924.     

Carbon fiber cardanol-epoxy composites

Carbon fiber composites based on tetrafunctional epoxy resin N,N,N′,N′-tetraglycidyl-2,2-bis[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]propane modified with cardanol were investigated. The differential scanning calorimetric technique was used to study the curing reaction of the neat resins. The dielectric properties of the composites were compared. The use of cardanol in epoxy resins at cardanol/epoxy molar ratios less than 0.3/1 improved the chemical resistance as well as the mechanical properties of the composites, such as the flexural strength and modulus, tensile strength and modulus, and interlaminar shear strength. Higher cardanol contents decreased such properties. The highest properties of the composites were observed with the epoxy-cardanol resin having a cardanol/epoxy molar ratio of 0.3/1. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维的表面改性研究

选择乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物作为表面改性剂,将其溶解在二甲苯中制成复合萃取液,对超高相对分子质量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)冻胶纤维进行萃取,经干燥和超倍拉伸制得表面改性UHMWPE纤维。对改性前后纤维的表面化学结构、结晶性能、表面粘接性能和力学性能进行了比较。结果表明:加入表面改性剂后,纤维表面引入了极性基团,结晶形态不变,纤维与树脂的抗界面剪切强度大大增加,纤维的力学性能变化不大。     

Interfacial studies on the surface modified aramid fiber reinforced epoxy composites

In this work, solutions of rare earth modifier (RES) and epoxy chloropropane (ECP) grafting modification method were used for the surface treatment of aramid fiber. The effect of chemical treatment on aramid fiber has been studied in a composite system. The surface characteristics of aramid fibers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The interfacial properties of aramid/epoxy composites were investigated by means of the single fiber pull‐out tests. The mechanical properties of the aramid/epoxy composites were studied by interlaminar shear strength (ILSS). As a result, it was found that RES surface treatment is superior to ECP grafting treatment in promoting the interfacial adhesion between aramid fiber and epoxy matrix, resulting in the improved mechanical properties of the composites. Meanwhile, the tensile strengths of single fibers were almost not affected by RES treatment. This was probably due to the presence of reactive functional groups on the aramid fiber surface, leading to an increment of interfacial binding force between fibers and matrix in a composite system. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102:4165–4170, 2006     

淀粉纳米晶对玻璃纤维的表面改性研究

采用自制的淀粉纳米晶(SNC)对玻璃纤维进行表面处理,增加其与环氧树脂基体的界面剪切强度(IFSS)。研究了处理方式、处理时间、SNC乙醇分散液浓度、热处理温度等工艺参数对SNC在玻璃纤维表面沉积情况的影响,以及对改性玻璃纤维与环氧树脂的界面性能的影响规律。采用扫描电子显微镜、单纤维强力仪对处理前后玻璃纤维进行表征,并采用微脱粘法测试玻璃纤维与环氧树脂的界面粘结情况。结果表明,当重力静置处理时间24 h,SNC乙醇分散液浓度为1 g/100 m L时,SNC在玻璃纤维表面均匀沉积,且能显著提高玻璃纤维与环氧树脂的IFSS,为27.29 MPa,较未处理的纤维增加29.3%。150℃热处理4 h后,X射线光电子能谱结果显示SNC与玻璃纤维形成化学键合,进一步增加纤维与环氧树脂的界面粘结,IFSS值达到32.30 MPa,较未处理的纤维增加53%,且纤维的拉伸强度得到较好的维持。     

Carbon nanotubes grafting PBO fiber: A study on the interfacial properties of epoxy composites

To improve the interfacial performance of poly[p‐phenylene benzobisoxazole] (PBO) fiber and epoxy resin, a modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs‐Ecp) were used to achieve this purpose through grafting onto PBO fiber surface using a gamma ray radiation method. Experimental results indicated that the equilibrium wetting rate and equilibrium adsorption amount of the modified PBO fiber for epoxy resin and acetone were all higher than that of as received PBO fiber. The interfacial shear strength (IFSS) of single fiber composite increased from 31.4 to 77.5 MPa after modification. The fracture models of composites are changed from pure interfacial failure to combination failure of interface and resin interlayer. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Improving the interfacial and flexural properties of carbon fiber–epoxy composites via the grafting of a hyperbranched aromatic polyamide onto a carbon fiber surface on the basis of solution polymerization

Hyperbranched aromatic polyamide (HBP) was grafted successfully onto carbon fibers (CFs) on the basis of solution polymerization to enhance the interfacial adhesion strength of CF-reinforced epoxy resin composites. The microstructure and interfacial properties of the CFs before and after decoration were researched. The results indicate that HBP was deposited uniformly onto the CFs with γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane as the bridging agent. The active groups, roughness, and surface energy of the modified fiber [hyperbranched aromatic polyamide grafted carbon fiber (CF–HBP)] increased visibly in comparison with those of the untreated CFs. The CF–HBP composites revealed simultaneous remarkable enhancements (65.3, 34.3, and 84.8%) in their interfacial shear strength, flexural strength, and modulus, respectively; this was attributed to the improvement in the fiber–epoxy interface through enhanced chemical interactions, mechanical interlocking, and wettability. These agreed with the scanning electron microscopy observations from the fracture surface morphologies of the composites. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47232.     

Effects of novolac resin modification on mechanical properties of carbon fiber/epoxy composites

The epoxy resin matrix of carbon fiber (CF)‐reinforced epoxy composites was modified with novolac resin (NR) to improve the matrix‐dominated mechanical properties of composites. Flexural strength, interlaminar shear strength (ILSS), and impact strength were measured with unfilled, 7 wt% NR, 13 wt% NR, and 18 wt% NR filled to epoxy to identify the effect of adding NR on the mechanical properties of composites. The results showed that both interfacial and impact properties of composites were improved except for flexural property. The largest improvement in ILSS and impact strength were obtained with 13 wt% loading of NR. ILSS and impact strength were improved by 7.3% and 38.6%, respectively, compared with the composite without NR. The fracture and surface morphologies of the composite specimens were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Intimate bonding of the fibers and the matrix was evident with the content of 7–13 wt% NR range. Decrease of crosslinking density and formation of NR transition layer were deduced with adding NR. POLYM. COMPOS., 2011. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers