Scandium-alloyed aluminum alloys

Conclusion The basic principles of alloying of aluminum alloys with scandium are: it is desirable to add scandium to aluminum alloys in a quantity from 0.1 to 0.3% together with zirconium (0.05–0.15%), which strengthens the positive influence of scandium on the structure and properties of alloys;the greatest effect (that is, the positive influence on mechanical properties and other characteristics) from addition of scandium together with zirconium is observed for alloys not containing alloy elements combining scandium in insoluble phases, specifically the Al–Mg, Al–Zn–Mg, and Al–Mg–Li systems;with a limited copper content alloying with scandium together with zirconium of Al–Zn–Mg–Cu and Al–Cu–Li system alloys is possible.At present on the basis of or taking into consideration the principles developed of alloying of aluminum alloys with scandium commercial aluminum alloys based on the Al–Mg–Sc–Sr (01570, 01571, 01523, 01505), Al–Zn–Mg–Sc–Zr (01970, 01975), and Al–Li–Mg–Sc–Zr (10421, 01423) systems have been developed.Translated from Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, No. 1, pp. 24–28, January, 1992.     

Special features of the structure formation and properties of castable Al - Mg alloys alloyed with scandium

Alloys of the AI - Mg system are characterized by an elevated corrosion resistance and ductility and good casting properties. The strength of these alloys depends considerably on the concentration of the main alloying element, namely, magnesium. Alloying with small amounts of transition metals, for example, Ti, Zr, Cr, Sc, affects markedly the structure and properties of Al - Mg alloys. The present work is devoted to the structure and properties of Al - Mg alloys alloyed with scandium.Translated from Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, No. 6, pp. 30 – 32, June, 1996.     

Alloying aluminum alloys with scandium and zirconium additives

In recent years Russian specialists have developed industrial weldable aluminum alloys alloyed with a small amount of scandium. Scandium added to existing weldable aluminum alloys improves considerably the set of their operational properties. In addition, the presence of scandium makes it possible to create new materials superior to traditional aluminum alloys. The present paper is devoted to problems of simultaneous alloying of aluminum alloys with scandium and zirconium.Translated from Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, No. 8, pp. 25 – 30, August, 1996.     

High-Strength Weldable Corrosion-Resistant Aluminum Alloy for Bearing Building Structures

A weldable corrosion-resistant alloy based on the Al - Zn - Mg system has been developed. The alloy has high strength characteristics (σ_r ≥ 500 MPa and σ_0.2 ≥ 450 MPa) and is well weldable (the factor of weld concavity is 0.8 – 0.95). The substrate metal and welded joints of this metal are characterized by high corrosion resistance, good ductility and fracture toughness, and high fatigue resistance. The alloys and the process of its production are based on known scientific achievements of the All-Russia Institute of Light Alloys (VILS) in the field of alloys of the Al - Zn - Mg system and in the field of alloying of aluminum alloys with scandium. __________ Translated from Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, No. 8, pp. 30 – 35, August, 2005.     

Industrial aluminum alloys with scandium additive

Deformable alloys of the system Al - Zn - Mg possess a number of advantages over other aluminum alloys. The main advantage is the possibility of obtaining high strength properties in combination with good plastic and resource characteristics and good weldability, high technological adaptability in metallurgical production, and general corrosion resistance. However, these alloys have not found wide application due to the corrosion under stress exhibited by welded joints. The present work concerns the possibility of improving this characteristic by additional alloying of alloys of the Al - Zn - Mg system.Translated from Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, No. 7, pp. 21 – 23, July, 1995.     

Stability of the solid solution of scandium in aluminum

In recent years scandium has attracted the attention of researchers as an alloying component of aluminum alloys. Industrial compositions of scandium-alloyed aluminum alloys have been developed with consideration of its various positive effects on the structure and properties of aluminum. The results of an investigation of the kinetics of decomposition of a solid solution of scandium in aluminum are analyzed and generalized. C-curves of the decomposition are presented for aluminum alloys with different contents of Sc, Si, Fe, Mn, Zn. Translated from Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, No. 2, pp. 15–20, February, 1997.     

含钪铝合金的研究进展

钪是优化铝合金性能最为有效的合金元素，含钪铝合金强度高，塑性好，焊接性能，耐腐蚀性能等优良，是舰船、航空航天、核能等国防军工尖端领域用新一代铝合金结构材料，通过对Al-Mg-Sc和Al-Zn-Mg-Sc合金的研究状况分析，综述了钪与铝及铝合金的作用关系和对性能的改善作用。并提出我国含钪铝合金的研究方向。     

Effect of scandium on the structure and properties of alloy Al-5.5% Zn-2.0% Mg

Commercial weldable aluminum alloys additionally containing scandium have recently been developed in Russia: thermally nonhardening alloys based on the system Al-Mg (01570, 01523, 01515), and thermally hardening alloys based on the systems-Al-Zn-Mg (01970, 01975) and Al-Mg-Li (01421, 01423). Compared with other weldable aluminum alloys these materials exhibit improved operating properties. This is achieved as a result of a small addition of scandium which displays a high modifying effect and it promotes retention of an unrecrystallized structure for alloys. Results are presented in this article for a study of the effect of scandium content on the structure and properties of pressed strips and cold-rolled sheets of alloy Al-5.5% Zn-2.0% Mg.All-Union Institute of Light Alloys. Translated from Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, No. 7, pp. 25–29, July, 1994.     

Some Principles of Alloying of Aluminum Alloys with Scandium and Zirconium in Ingot Production of Deformed Semiproducts

Metal Science and Heat Treatment - Two principles of alloying are suggested for creation of aluminum alloys sparingly alloyed with scandium, which intensify the metastability of the process of...     

Development on research of advanced rare-earth aluminum alloy

1　INTRODUCTIONTheeffectofrareearthandtransitionelementsonthealuminumalloyisevidentfortheirspecialelec tronicstructures ,andthishasattractedattentionsofmanyscientists .Inthepast ,theresearchontherareearthaluminumalloyswascarriedoutmainlyonthebasisofassignmentofthespecifictypeandstrategy ,especiallyinChina ,andexplorationsoftheapplica tionoftherareearths (richresourceinChina)inalu minumalloysweremostlyconcentratedontheeffectofmischmetalonsomecommercialaluminumalloys ,whichwasthecertainoffs…     

Influence of scandium on weldability of 7010 aluminium alloy

Abstract

The commercial 7000 series aluminium alloys are based on medium strength Al–Zn–Mg and high strength Al–Zn–Mg–Cu systems. The medium strength alloys are weldable, whereas the high strength alloys are non-weldable. This is because the amount of copper present in these alloys gives rise to hot cracking during solidification of welds. As a result, the high strength Al–Zn–Mg– Cu base alloys are not used for applications where joining of components by welding is an essential step. In the present study, using a combination of qualitative Houldcroft test and quantitative Varestraint test, it is shown that a small addition of scandium to the commercial 7010 alloy reduces the hot cracking susceptibility during solidification of welds produced by the gas tungsten arc welding process. The improvement in weldability is found to be the result of the considerable grain refinement in the weld structure following the scandium addition. The results of microhardness and tensile tests are further described within the context of the present work to demonstrate that the 7010+Sc welds also exhibit a combination of improved strength and ductility.     

喷射成形过共晶Al-Si合金组织、性能的研究进展

过共晶Al-Si合金作为最具代表性的喷射成形材料在轻质、耐热、耐磨结构件,尤其是发动机缸套的工业化生产方面,已获得大量的应用。目前商用化的过共晶Al-Si合金在热稳定性和高温性能方面的不足已成为开发高性能发动机的限制因素,因而也成为近年来各研究机构的主要研究方向。用Fe,Mn,Cr为主的合金化代替传统的以Cu,Mg为主的合金化,使Al2Cu,Al2CuMg等强化相被稳定性更高的α—Al（Fe,TM）Si相所代替,达到了组织和室温、高温性能的双重优化,制备出继PEAK和OSPREY公司之后开发的可应用于更高性能发动机缸套部件的新型过共晶Al—Si合金。     

铒微合金化铝合金的研究进展

微合金化是提高铝合金性能的重要途径,控制微量元素的种类和含量,充分发挥微量元素的作用是当前铝合金研究的主要方向之一。大量研究表明:廉价的Er能够起到有效的微合金化作用,Er元素在铝合金中可形成纳米级Al3Er强化相,并可通过与Zr复合作用形成Al3(ZrxEr1-x)复合相,比Al3Sc相具有更好的热稳定性,从而可以改善铝合金组织,大幅度提高铝合金的强度或塑性、明显抑制铝合金的再结晶以提高其耐热性,改善其综合性能。本文作者针对微合金化元素Er在铝合金中析出Al3Er相及Al3(ZrxEr1-x)复合相的过程及其对合金组织和性能的影响机理,以及Er微合金化在几类工业合金体系中的作用,介绍含铒铝合金的最新研究进展。     

Al-Zn系高强铸造铝合金强韧化研究现状与展望

轻质高强铸造铝合金在航空航天、汽车轻量化等方面展现出独特的优势。对铸造铝合金成形性能和力学性能进一步优化,对拓宽其应用领域意义重大。本文综述了Al-Zn系高强铸造铝合金的研究现状与进展,重点归纳了高强铸造铝合金(微)合金化、晶粒细化、组织纯净化、热处理优化等方面的强化机制及现有研究成果,并对铸造铝合金目前研发中所存在的问题进行探讨,最后对高强铸造铝合金的发展方向进行了展望,对高强铸造铝合金的发展具有一定的实践和理论指导意义。     

Effect of alloying,heat treatment,and deformation on the structure and properties of damping Zn - Al alloys

The damping capacity, mechanical properties, and structure of Zn - Al alloys are studied as a function of the regime of heat treatment, plastic deformation (hydroextrusion), and alloying with Fe, Be, Cu, and Mg. The present work continues previous investigations of damping Zn - Al alloys conducted by the author.Translated from Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, No. 9, pp. 27 – 29, September, 1996.     

Effect of Scandium on the Structure and Properties of Aluminum Alloys

It is shown that the addition of scandium considerably influences the structure and properties of aluminum and its alloys. Scandium is the strongest inoculant of the cast grain structure of aluminum alloys, the strongest suppressor of recrystallization, and the strongest hardener (per 0.1% of the additive). The addition of zirconium intensifies and stabilizes the action of scandium. Commercial aluminum alloys alloyed with scandium and zirconium and a technology for fabricating deformed semiproducts from them are presented. The combination of operating properties of scandium-bearing aluminum alloys is substantially superior to that of traditional aluminum alloys.     

Macrostructure and Mechanical Properties of Al – Si,Al – Mg – Si,and Al – Mg – Mn Aluminum Alloys Produced by Electric Arc Additive Growth

Metal Science and Heat Treatment - The macrostructure and mechanical properties of clad metal produced by electric arc additive growth using wires of aluminum alloys of three alloying systems (Al...     

Microalloying Al alloys with Sc:a review

As a kind of important light alloys,the Al alloys exhibit mechanical properties that are closely related to the microstructures.Changing the main alloying elements and adjusting heat treatments are usually approaches to tune the microstructure and hence artificially control the mechanical properties.However,the windows for the two approaches have become quite narrow,after extensive studies in the last half of century.Microalloying has become the most promising strategy to further modify the microstructure and improve the mechanical properties of Al alloys,among which the element of scandium(Sc) is especially powerful.In this paper,the recent progresses in Al alloys microalloyed with Sc are briefly reviewed,focusing on the microstructural characterization,strengthening response,and underlying mechanisms.The possible key research points are also proposed for the further development of Al alloys microalloyed with Sc and other rare earth elements.     

Mechanical and thermo-physical properties of rapidly solidified Al−50Si−Cu(Mg) alloys for thermal management application

Al?high Si alloys were designed by the addition of Cu or Mg alloying elements to improve the mechanical properties. It is found that the addition of 1 wt.% Cu or 1 wt.% Mg as strengthening elements significantly improves the tensile strength by 27.2% and 24.5%, respectively. This phenomenon is attributed to the formation of uniformly dispersed fine particles (Al₂Cu and Mg₂Si secondary phases) in the Al matrix during hot press sintering of the rapidly solidified (gas atomization) powder. The thermal conductivity of the Al?50Si alloys is reduced with the addition of Cu or Mg, by only 7.3% and 6.8%, respectively. Therefore, the strength of the Al?50Si alloys is enhanced while maintaining their excellent thermo-physical properties by adding 1% Cu(Mg).     

Design and preparation of aluminum alloy with high thermal conductivity based on CALPHAD and first-principles calculation

To obtain the aluminum alloy with high thermal and mechanical properties, the effects of alloying elements and the second phases on the thermal conductivity of Al alloys were investigated by CALPHAD and first-principles calculation, respectively. The properties of the second phases, including Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio and minimum thermal conductivity, were systematically studied. Results show that the ranking order of the effects of the alloying elements on the thermal conductivity is Mg>Cu>Fe>Si, and for Al-12Si alloys, the mathematical model of the relationship between the alloying elements and the thermal conductivity can be expressed as λ=ax²-bx+c when the second phase precipitates in the matrix. All kinds of ternary phases of Al-Fe-Si have higher deformation resistance, rigidity, theoretical hardness, Debye temperature and thermal conductivity than the other phases which possibly exist in the Al-12Si alloys. Based on the guidance of CALPHAD and first-principles calculation, the optimized chemical composition of Al alloy with high conductivity is Al-11.5Si-0.4Fe-0.2Mg (wt.%) with a thermal conductivity of 137.50 Wm⁻¹·K⁻¹ and a hardness of 81.3 HBW.